material with a uniform spiny surface, which is used to cover the carding elements of carding machines in the textile industry. Card clothing consists of a flexible foundation in which steel wire staples with pointed ends, usually bent near the foundations, are mounted at an angle. The card clothing foundation consists of several layers of glued cotton material, sometimes with an additional layer of rubber or felting. Card clothing is made in various sizes, expressed by an arbitrary number, according to the fineness of the wire and the number of staples per square centimeter. For example, No. 100 consists of 39 staples per sq cm made of wire 0.34 mm in diameter. Card clothing is being replaced by all-metal serrated clothing.