borrelia

bor·rel·i·a

B0406000 (bə-rĕl′ē-ə, -rē′lē-ə)n. Any of various spirochetes of the genus Borrelia that are pathogens of humans, other mammals, and birds, including the causal agents of Lyme disease and relapsing fever.

[New Latin, after Amédée Borrel (1867-1936), French bacteriologist.]

borrelia

(bəˈrɛlɪə; bəˈrɛljə) na genus of helical spirochete bacteria, some causing relapsing fever

Thesaurus

Noun

borrelia - cause of e.g. European and African relapsing feverspirochaete, spirochete - parasitic or free-living bacteria; many pathogenic to humans and other animalsgenus Borrelia - small flexible parasitic spirochetes having three to five wavy spirals

Borrelia

A genus of spirochetes that have a unique genome composed of a linear chromosome and numerous linear and circular plasmids. Borreliae are motile, helical organisms with 4–30 uneven, irregular coils, and are 5–25 micrometers long and 0.2–0.5 μm wide. All borreliae are arthropod-borne. Of the 24 recognized species, 21 cause relapsing fever and similar diseases in human and rodent hosts; two are responsible for infections in ruminants and horses; and the remaining one, for borreliosis in birds. See Bacteria

The borreliae of human relapsing fevers are transmitted by the body louse or by a large variety of soft-shelled ticks of the genus Ornithodoros. The species B. burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease and related disorders, is transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes. Borrelia anserina, which causes spirochetosis in chickens and other birds, is propagated by ticks of the genus Argas. Various species of ixodid ticks are responsible for transmitting B. theileri among cattle, horses, and sheep. Borrelia coriaceae, isolated from O. coriaceus, is the putative cause of epizootic bovine abortion in the western United States.

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of spirochetes has shown that the outer surface of the microorganisms contains numerous variable lipoproteins of which at least two are abundant. The antigenic variability is well known for the relapsing fever borreliae. A switch in the major outer-surface proteins leads to recurrent spirochetemias. Tetracyclines, penicillins, and doxycycline are the most effective antibiotics for treatment of spirochetes. Two vaccines consisting of recombinant B. burgdorferi have been evaluated in subjects of risk for Lyme disease. Both proved safe and effective in the prevention of this disease. See Antibiotic, Medical bacteriology

Borrelia

[bə′rel·ē·ə] (microbiology) A genus of bacteria in the family Spirochaetaceae; helical cells with uneven coils and parallel fibrils coiled around the cell body for locomotion; many species cause relapsing fever in humans.

Borrelia

[bo-rel´e-ah] a genus of gram-negative, aerobic, spirochete bacteria that are parasites on mucous membranes and cause borreliosis and other conditions. B. burgdor´feri, transmitted by ixodid ticks, is the cause of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, erythema chronicum migrans, and lyme disease. B. recurren´tis is transmitted by the human body louse Pediculus humanus and causes epidemic relapsing fever in various countries around the world. A number of other species are spread by tick bites and also cause relapsing fever.

Borrelia

(bō-rē'lē-ă, bo-rel'ē-ă), A genus of bacteria (family Treponemataceae) containing cells 8-16 mcm in length, with coarse, shallow, irregular spirals and tapered, finely filamented ends. These organisms are parasitic on many forms of animal life, are generally hematophytic, or are found on mucous membranes; most are transmitted to animals or humans by the bites of arthropods. The type species is Borrelia anserina. Within the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, three pathogenic groups have been identified in North America; all strains identified to date as human pathogens belong to the genospecies Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. [A. Borrel]

Borrelia

(bə-rē′lē-ə, -rĕl′ē-ə)n. A genus of spirochetes that includes species that cause Lyme disease and relapsing fever.

borrelia

(bə-rĕl′ē-ə, -rē′lē-ə)n. Any of various spirochetes of the genus Borrelia that are pathogens of humans, other mammals, and birds, including the causal agents of Lyme disease and relapsing fever.

Bor·rel·i·a

(bŏ-rel'ē-ă) A genus of bacteria (family Treponemataceae) containing cells 8 to 16 mcm in length, with coarse, shallow, irregular spirals and tapered, finely filamented ends. These organisms are parasitic on many forms of animal life, are generally hematophytic, or are found on mucous membranes; most are transmitted to animals or humans by the bites of arthropods. The type species is B. anserina. [A. Borrel]

Borrelia

A genus of spiral-shaped bacteria that includes the organism Borrelia burgdoferi responsible for LYME DISEASE and Borrelia recurrentis that causes RELAPSING FEVER. (Amedee Borrel, 1867–1936, Strasbourg bacteriologist).

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