| 释义 |
carotid sinus
carotid sinusn. A dilated area located at the bifurcations of the carotid arteries and containing numerous baroreceptors that function in the control of blood pressure by mediating changes in the heart rate.TranslationsCarotid Sinus
carotid sinus[kə′räd·əd ′sī·nəs] (anatomy) An enlargement at the bifurcation of each carotid artery that is supplied with sensory nerve endings and plays a role in reflex control of blood pressure. Carotid Sinus (bulbus caroticus, sinus caroticus, the dilated area of the common carotid artery before bifurcation into its external and internal branches. The carotid sinus is an important reflexogenic zone that plays a part in maintaining the constancy of arterial pressure, heart action, and blood gases content; it is the site of baroreceptors, which react to changes in blood pressure, and chemoreceptors, which react to changes in the chemical composition of the blood and in oxygen tension. The carotid sinus is innervated by the sensory branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (sinus nerve, Hering’s nerve). Excitation of the nerve endings in the carotid sinus is the first link in the chain of the carotid reflexes. I. N. D’IAKONOVA carotid sinus
sinus [si´nus] 1. a recess, cavity, or channel, such as one in bone or a dilated channel for venous blood.2. an abnormal channel or fistula, permitting escape of pus.3. paranasal sinus.anal s's furrows, with pouchlike recesses at the distal end, separating the columns" >rectal columns; called also anal crypts.anterior s's (sinus anterio´res) the anterior air cells that together with the middle and posterior air cells form the ethmoidal sinus.aortic s's pouchlike dilatations at the root of the aorta, one opposite each semilunar cusp of the aortic valve, from which the coronary arteries originate.carotid sinus a dilatation of the proximal portion of the internal carotid or distal portion of the common carotid artery, containing in its wall pressoreceptors that are stimulated by changes in blood pressure. See also carotid sinus syndrome.cavernous sinus an irregularly shaped venous channel between the layers of dura mater of the brain, one on either side of the body of the sphenoid bone and communicating across the midline. Several cranial nerves course through this sinus.cerebral sinus one of the ventricles of the brain.cervical sinus a temporary depression in the neck of the embryo containing the branchial arches.circular sinus the venous channel encircling the pituitary gland, formed by the two cavernous sinuses and the anterior and posterior intercavernous sinuses.coccygeal sinus a sinus or fistula just over or close to the tip of the coccyx.coronary sinus the dilated terminal portion of the great cardiac vein, receiving blood from other veins draining the heart muscle and emptying into the right atrium.dermal sinus a congenital sinus tract extending from the surface of the body, between the bodies of two adjacent lumbar vertebrae, to the spinal canal.ethmoid s's (ethmoidal s's) ethmoid cells.frontal sinus one of the paired paranasal sinuses in the frontal bone, each communicating with the middle nasal meatus on the same side.intercavernous s's channels connecting the two cavernous sinuses, one passing anterior and the other posterior to the stalk of the pituitary gland.lymphatic s's irregular, tortuous spaces within lymphoid tissues through which lymph flows.maxillary sinus one of the paired paranasal sinuses in the body of the maxilla on either side, opening into the middle nasal meatus on the same side.occipital sinus a venous sinus between the layers of dura mater, passing upward along the midline of the cerebellum.paranasal s's the eight cavities in the skull that are connected with the nasal cavity (see also Plates). They are arranged in four pairs, each of which has one member on the left and one on the right. The pairs are the sinuses" >maxillary sinuses in the maxillae; the sinuses" >frontal sinuses in the frontal bone; the sinuses" >sphenoid sinuses in the sphenoid bone behind the nasal cavity; and the ethmoid cells (ethmoid sinuses) in the ethmoid bone behind and below the frontal sinuses. The functions of the sinuses are not certain. They are believed to help the nose in circulating, warming, and moistening the air as it is inhaled, thereby lessening the shock of cold, dry air to the lungs. They also are thought to have a minor role as resonating chambers for the voice. Sinus paranasal (Paranasal sinuses). From Dorland's, 2000.petrosal sinus, inferior a venous channel arising from the cavernous sinus and draining into the internal jugular vein.petrosal sinus, superior one arising from the cavernous sinus and draining into the transverse sinus of the dura mater.pilonidal sinus pilonidal cyst.prostatic sinus the posterolateral recess between the seminal colliculus and the wall of the urethra, where the prostatic ductules empty into the urethra.s's of pulmonary trunk spaces between the wall of the pulmonary trunk and cusps of the pulmonary valve at its opening from the right ventricle.renal sinus a recess in the substance of the kidney, occupied by the renal pelvis, calices, vessels, nerves, and fat.sagittal sinus, inferior a small venous sinus of the dura mater, opening into the straight sinus.sagittal sinus, superior a venous sinus of the dura mater that ends in the confluence of sinuses.sigmoid sinus a venous sinus of the dura mater on either side, continuous with the straight sinus and draining into the internal jugular vein of the same side.sphenoid sinus (sphenoidal sinus) one of the paired paranasal sinuses in the body of the sphenoid bone, opening into the superior nasal meatus on the same side.sphenoparietal sinus one of the venous sinuses of the dura mater, emptying into the cavernous sinus.s's of spleen dilated venous sinuses found in the splenic pulp; they are not lined by ordinary endothelial cells.straight sinus a venous sinus of the dura mater formed by junction of the great cerebral vein and inferior sagittal sinus, and ending in the confluence of sinuses.tarsal sinus a space between the calcaneus and talus.tentorial sinus straight sinus.transverse sinus of dura mater a large venous sinus on either side of the brain.transverse sinus of pericardium a passage within the pericardial sac, behind the aorta and pulmonary trunk and in front of the left atrium and superior vena cava.tympanic sinus a deep recess on the medial wall of the middle ear.urogenital sinus an elongated sac that is formed by division of the cloaca in the early embryo, which ultimately forms most of the vestibule, urethra, and vagina in the female, and some of the urethra in the male.uterine s's venous channels in the wall of the uterus in pregnancy.uteroplacental s's blood spaces between the placenta and uterine sinuses.sinus of venae cavae the posterior portion of the right atrium into which the inferior and the superior vena cava open; called also sinus venosus.sinus veno´sus (venous sinus) 1. see venous sinuses of dura mater and venous sinus of sclera.2. the common venous receptacle in the early embryo attached to the posterior wall of the primitive atrium.3. sinus of venae cavae.venous s's of dura mater large channels for venous blood forming an anastomosing system between the layers of the dura mater of the brain, receiving blood from the brain and draining into the veins of the scalp or deep veins at the base of the skull.venous sinus of sclera a circular channel at the junction of the sclera and cornea, into which aqueous humor filters from the anterior chamber of the eye. Called also Schlemm's canal.ca·rot·id si·nus [TA] a slight dilation of the common carotid artery at its bifurcation into external and internal carotids; it contains baroreceptors that, when stimulated, slow the heart, cause vasodilation, and lower blood pressure; innervated primarily by the glossopharyngeal nerve. Synonym(s): sinus caroticus [TA], carotid bulbcarotid sinusn. A dilated area located at the bifurcations of the carotid arteries and containing numerous baroreceptors that function in the control of blood pressure by mediating changes in the heart rate.carotid sinus A fusiform dilation of the carotid artery at the bifurcation of the external and internal carotid arteries that contains baroreceptors (pressoreceptors) which, when stimulated, evoke reflex bradycardia, vasodilation and hypotension.ca·rot·id si·nus (kă-rot'id sī'nŭs) [TA] A slight dilation of the common carotid artery at its bifurcation into external and internal carotids; it contains baroreceptors, which, when stimulated, cause slowing of the heart, vasodilation, and a fall in blood pressure; is innervated primarily by the glossopharyngeal nerve. carotid sinus A small widening of the wall of each CAROTID ARTERY, at the first branch (bifurcation), that contains pressure-sensitive nerve endings to monitor blood pressure and provide feedback data for its control.carotid sinus a small swelling at the base of the internal CAROTID ARTERIES which contains baroreceptors (pressure receptors) that act as STRETCH RECEPTORS (see CAROTID BODY and Fig. 93 ). When blood pressure drops below normal the sinus is stimulated to produce nervous impulses which are transmitted to the cardiovascular centre in the hindbrain (see HEART).ca·rot·id si·nus (kă-rot'id sī'nŭs) [TA] Slight dilation of common carotid artery at its bifurcation into external and internal carotids. ThesaurusSeesinus |