complement

Complements are words or groups of words that are necessary to complete the meaning of another part of the sentence. Complements act like modifiers to add additional meaning to the word or words they are attached to. However, unlike adjunct modifiers, they do not add supplemental information—they provide information that is necessary to achieve the intended meaning in the sentence.Complements, even those that complete the meaning of the subject, are always part of the predicate.Continue reading...

complement

something that completes or brings to perfection: Wine complements a dinner.
Not to be confused with:compliment – an expression of admiration; praise; regards: My compliments to the chef.

com·ple·ment

C0528700 (kŏm′plə-mənt)n.1. a. Something that completes, makes up a whole, or brings to perfection: a sauce that is a fine complement to fish.b. The quantity or number needed to make up a whole: shelves with a full complement of books.c. The full crew of personnel required to run a ship.d. Either of two parts that complete the whole or mutually complete each other.2. An angle related to another so that the sum of their measures is 90°.3. Grammar A word or words used to complete a predicate construction, especially the object or indirect object of a verb, for example, the phrase to eat ice cream in We like to eat ice cream.4. Music An interval that completes an octave when added to a given interval.5. Immunology A complex system of proteins found in blood plasma that are sequentially activated and play various roles in the immune response, including lysing bacterial cell membranes, making pathogens more susceptible to phagocytes, and recruiting inflammatory cells to sites of infection or injury. Also called alexin.6. Mathematics & Logic For a universal set, the set of all elements in the set that are not in a specified subset.7. A complementary color.tr.v. (-mĕnt′) com·ple·ment·ed, com·ple·ment·ing, com·ple·ments To serve as a complement to: Roses in a silver bowl complement the handsome cherry table.

[Middle English, from Old French, from Latin complēmentum, from complēre, to fill out; see complete.]Usage Note: Complement and compliment, though quite distinct in meaning, are sometimes confused because they are pronounced the same. As a noun, complement means "something that completes or brings to perfection" (The antique silver was a complement to the beautifully set table); used as a verb it means "to serve as a complement to." The noun compliment means "an expression or act of courtesy or praise" (They gave us a compliment on our beautifully set table), while the verb means "to pay a compliment to."

complement

n 1. a person or thing that completes something 2. one of two parts that make up a whole or complete each other 3. a complete amount, number, etc (often in the phrase full complement) 4. (Nautical Terms) the officers and crew needed to man a ship 5. (Grammar) grammar a. a noun phrase that follows a copula or similar verb, as for example an idiot in the sentence He is an idiotb. a clause that serves as the subject or direct object of a verb or the direct object of a preposition, as for example that he would be early in the sentence I hoped that he would be early 6. (Mathematics) maths the angle that, when added to a specified angle, produces a right angle 7. (Logic) logic maths the class of all things, or of all members of a given universe of discourse, that are not members of a given set 8. (Mathematics) logic maths the class of all things, or of all members of a given universe of discourse, that are not members of a given set 9. (Music, other) music the inverted form of an interval that, when added to the interval, completes the octave: the sixth is the complement of the third. 10. (Microbiology) immunol a group of proteins in the blood serum that, when activated by antibodies, causes destruction of alien cells, such as bacteria vb (tr) to add to, make complete, or form a complement to [C14: from Latin complēmentum, from complēre to fill up, from com- (intensive) + plēre to fill] Usage: Avoid confusion with compliment

com•ple•ment

(n. ˈkɒm plə mənt; v. -ˌmɛnt)

n. 1. something that completes or makes perfect: A good wine is a complement to a good meal. 2. the quantity or amount that completes anything: We now have a full complement of bridge players. 3. either of two parts or things needed to complete the whole; counterpart. 4. the full number of officers and crew required on a ship. 5. a. a word or group of words that completes a grammatical construction in the predicate and that describes or is identified with the subject or object, as small in The house is small or president in They elected him president. Compare object complement, subject complement. b. any word or group of words used to complete a grammatical construction, esp. in the predicate, including adverbials, infinitives, and sometimes objects. c. complement clause. 6. the quantity by which an angle or an arc falls short of 90° or a quarter of a circle. Compare supplement (def. 3). 7. Math. the set of all the elements of a universal set not included in a given set. 8. a musical interval that completes an octave when added to a given interval. 9. a. a set of about 20 proteins that circulate in the blood and react in various combinations to promote the destruction of any cell displaying foreign surfaces or immune complexes. b. any of the proteins in the complement system, designated C1, C2, etc. 10. complementary color. v.t. 11. to complete; form a complement to. 12. Obs. to compliment. v.i. 13. Obs. to compliment. [1350–1400; Middle English < Latin complēmentum something that completes] com′ple•ment`er, n. syn: complement, supplement both mean to make additions to something; a lack or deficiency is implied. To complement means to complete or perfect a whole; it often refers to putting together two things, each of which supplies what is lacking in the other: Statements from different points of view may complement each other. To supplement is to add something in order to enhance, extend, or improve a whole: Some additional remarks supplemented the sales presentation.

com·ple·ment

(kŏm′plə-mənt)1. A system of proteins found in the serum of the blood that helps antibodies destroy disease-causing bacteria or other foreign substances, especially antigens.2. A complementary color.

Complement

the full amount; a set; the total number of personnel of a ship or military establishment; a cargo; the amount needed to fill a conveyance.Example: complement of cloves, 1697.

complement

compliment">compliment

These words can both be verbs or nouns. When they are verbs, they are pronounced /'kɒmplɪment/. When they are nouns, they are pronounced /'kɒmplɪmənt/.

1. 'complement'

If one thing complements another, the two things increase each other's good qualities when they are brought together.

Nutmeg, parsley and cider all complement the flavour of these beans well.Current advances in hardware development nicely complement British software skills.2. 'compliment'

If you compliment someone, you tell them that you admire something that they have or something that they have done.

They complimented me on the way I looked.She is to be complimented for handling the situation so well.

A compliment is something that you do or say to someone to show your admiration for them.

She took his acceptance as a great compliment.

You say that you pay someone a compliment.

He knew that he had just been paid a great compliment.

complement

Past participle: complemented
Gerund: complementing

Imperative
complement
complement

Present
I complement
you complement
he/she/it complements
we complement
you complement
they complement

Preterite
I complemented
you complemented
he/she/it complemented
we complemented
you complemented
they complemented

Present Continuous
I am complementing
you are complementing
he/she/it is complementing
we are complementing
you are complementing
they are complementing

Present Perfect
I have complemented
you have complemented
he/she/it has complemented
we have complemented
you have complemented
they have complemented

Past Continuous
I was complementing
you were complementing
he/she/it was complementing
we were complementing
you were complementing
they were complementing

Past Perfect
I had complemented
you had complemented
he/she/it had complemented
we had complemented
you had complemented
they had complemented

Future
I will complement
you will complement
he/she/it will complement
we will complement
you will complement
they will complement

Future Perfect
I will have complemented
you will have complemented
he/she/it will have complemented
we will have complemented
you will have complemented
they will have complemented

Future Continuous
I will be complementing
you will be complementing
he/she/it will be complementing
we will be complementing
you will be complementing
they will be complementing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been complementing
you have been complementing
he/she/it has been complementing
we have been complementing
you have been complementing
they have been complementing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been complementing
you will have been complementing
he/she/it will have been complementing
we will have been complementing
you will have been complementing
they will have been complementing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been complementing
you had been complementing
he/she/it had been complementing
we had been complementing
you had been complementing
they had been complementing

Conditional
I would complement
you would complement
he/she/it would complement
we would complement
you would complement
they would complement

Past Conditional
I would have complemented
you would have complemented
he/she/it would have complemented
we would have complemented
you would have complemented
they would have complemented

complement

1. A word or group of words that follows a verb and completes a predicate.2. Proteins in blood plasma activated by and helping to dissolve foreign cells such as bacteria.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	complement - a word or phrase used to complete a grammatical constructiongrammatical construction, construction, expression - a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit; "I concluded from his awkward constructions that he was a foreigner"
	2.	complement - a complete number or quantity; "a full complement"count - the total number counted; "a blood count"
	3.	complement - number needed to make up a whole force; "a full complement of workers"full complementmanpower, men, work force, workforce, hands - the force of workers availableship's company, company - crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship
	4.	complement - something added to complete or embellish or make perfect; "a fine wine is a perfect complement to the dinner"; "wild rice was served as an accompaniment to the main dish"accompanimentadjunct - something added to another thing but not an essential part of it
	5.	complement - one of a series of enzymes in the blood serum that are part of the immune responseimmune reaction, immune response, immunologic response - a bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigenenzyme - any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions
	6.	complement - either of two parts that mutually complete each othercounterpart, opposite number, vis-a-vis - a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another
Verb	1.	complement - make complete or perfect; supply what is wanting or form the complement to; "I need some pepper to complement the sweet touch in the soup"balance, equilibrise, equilibrize, equilibrate - bring into balance or equilibrium; "She has to balance work and her domestic duties"; "balance the two weights"

complement

verb1. enhance, complete, improve, boost, crown, add to, set off, heighten, augment, round off Nutmeg complements the flavour of these beans perfectly.noun1. accompaniment, companion, accessory, completion, finishing touch, rounding-off, adjunct, supplement The green wallpaper is the perfect complement to the old pine of the dresser.2. total, capacity, quota, aggregate, contingent, entirety Each ship had a complement of around a dozen officers and 250 men.Usage: This is sometimes confused with compliment but the two words have very different meanings. As the synonyms show, the verb form of complement means `to enhance' and `to complete' something. In contrast, common synonyms of compliment as a verb are praise, commend, and flatter.

complement

noun1. Something that completes another:supplement.2. Something added to another for embellishment or completion:accompaniment, enhancement, enrichment.verbTo supply what is lacking:complete, fill in (or out), round (off or out), supplement.

Translations

补充补语补足物

complement

(ˈkompləmənt) noun1. in a sentence, the words of the predicate, not including the verb. 补语2. (something added to make) a complete number or amount. 补足物 verb to complete, fill up. 补充compleˈmentary adjective补充的

the complement (not compliment) of a verb.

complement

[kom´plĕ-ment] a term originally used to refer to the heat-labile factor in serum that causes immune cytolysis (lysis of antibody-coated cells). It is now used to refer to the entire functionally related system comprising at least 20 distinct serum proteins, their cellular receptors, and related regulatory proteins; this system is the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions including anaphylaxis, phagocytosis, opsonization, and hemolysis.
Complement activation occurs by two different sequences, the classical pathway and the alternative pathway. All of the “components of complement,” designated C1 through C9 (C1 being composed of three distinct proteins, C1q, C1r, and C1s), participate in the classical pathway; the alternative pathway lacks components C1, C2, and C4 but adds factor b, factor d, and properdin. Regulatory proteins include factor h, factor i, clusterin, factor" >C3 nephritic factor, factor" >decay accelerating factor, factor" >homologous restriction factor, inhibitor" >C1 inhibitor, C4 binding protein, membrane cofactor protein, protectin, and vitronectin.
The classical pathway is primarily activated by the binding of C1 to antigen-antibody complexes containing the immunoglobulins IgM or IgG. The alternative pathway can be activated by IgA immune complexes and also by nonimmunologic materials including bacterial endotoxins, microbial polysaccharides, and cell walls. Activation of the classical pathway triggers an enzymatic cascade involving C1, C4, C2, and C3; activation of the alternative pathway triggers a cascade involving C3 and factors B and D and properdin. Both pathways result in cleavage of C5 and formation of the complex" >membrane attack complex, which in its final state creates a pore in the cell wall and causes cell lysis. Complement activation also results in the formation of many biologically active complement fragments that act as anaphylatoxins, opsonins, or chemotactic factors. Fragments resulting from proteolytic cleavage of complement proteins are designated with lower-case-letter suffixes, e.g., C3a.

Complement activation. Activation of the classical and alternative pathways leads to a common terminal pathway from C5 to C9. These complement components form the final membrane attack complex (MAC). Other intermediate complexes and fragments are also biologically active: opsonins facilitate phagocytosis, anaphylatoxins act on mast cells and mediate a release of histamine which acts on blood vessels, and chemotactic fragments and intermediate complexes attract leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Redrawn from Damjanov, 2000.complement fixation the combining of complement with the antigen-antibody complex, rendering the complement inactive, or fixed. Its presence or absence as free, active complement can be shown by adding sensitized blood cells to the mixture. If free complement is present, hemolysis occurs; if not, no hemolysis is observed. This reaction is the basis of many serologic tests for infection, including the wassermann test" >wassermann test for syphilis, and reactions for gonococcus infection, glanders, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and amebiasis. Called also Bordet-Gengou phenomenon. See also immunity.complement fixation tests tests that use antigen-antibody reaction and result in hemolysis to determine the presence of various organisms in the blood; see also complement fixation.

com·ple·ment

(kom'plĕ-ment), Avoid the misspelling compliment.Ehrlich's term for the thermolabile substance, normally present in serum, that is destructive to certain bacteria and other cells sensitized by a specific complement-fixing antibody. Complement is a group of at least 20 distinct serum proteins, the activity of which is affected by a series of interactions resulting in enzymatic cleavages; it can follow one or the other of at least two pathways. In the case of immune hemolysis (classical pathway), the complex comprises nine components (designated C1 through C9) that react in a definite sequence and the activation of which is usually effected by the antigen-antibody complex; only the first seven components are involved in chemotaxis, and only the first four are involved in immune adherence or phagocytosis or are fixed by conglutinins. An alternative pathway (see properdin system) may be activated by factors other than antigen-antibody complexes, such as repeating polysaccharides or bacterial cell wall components, and involves components other than C1, C4, and C2 in the activation of C3. The terminal complement components form a membrane attack complex that leads to cytolysis of the target cell.
See also: component of complement. [L. complementum, that which completes, fr. com-pleo, to fill up]

complement

(kŏm′plə-mənt)n. Immunology A complex system of proteins found in normal blood plasma that combines with antibodies to destroy pathogenic bacteria and other foreign cells. Also called alexin.

complement

Immunology
adjective Pertaining to the complement system.

noun
(1) Any protein of the complement system.
(2) Complement system—first used for a heat-labile factor in serum that caused immune cytolysis of antibody coated cells, the complement system now refers to the entire functionally-related system, comprising ± 25 distinct serum proteins that mediate the nonspecific inflammatory response to various antigens through a complex sequence of enzymatic cleavages. Complement is thus the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions; it is activated by 2 routes, the classic and alternative pathways.
Medspeak
noun A set of something.
Complement reference ranges
Total Complement—40–100 Units.
C1:
– C1q—70 µg/mL;
– C1r—34 µg/mL;
– C1s—31 µg/mL.
C2—25 µg/mL.
C3—1600 µg/mL.
C4—600 µg/mL.
C5—85 µg/mL.
C6—75 µg/mL.
C7—55 µg/mL.
C8—55 µg/mL.
C9—60 µg/mL.
Factor B—200 µg/mL.
Factor D—1 µg/mL.

complement

Immunology adjective Pertaining to the complement system noun 1. Any protein of the complement system.2. Complement system The term was first used for a heat labile factor in serum that caused immune cytolysis of antibody coated cells; it now refers to the entire functionally related system comprising ± 25 distinct serum proteins, which mediate the nonspecific inflammatory response to various antigens through a complex sequence of enzymatic cleavages; complement is thus the effector not only of immune cytolysis but also of other biologic functions; it is activated by 2 routes, the classic and alternative pathways. See Alternative pathway, Classic pathway, Complement activation Medtalk noun A set of something. See Chromosome complement.

com·ple·ment

(kom'plĕ-mĕnt) The thermolabile substance, normally present in serum, which is destructive to certain bacteria and other cells sensitized by a specific complement-fixing antibody. Complement is a group of at least 20 distinct serum proteins, the activity of which is affected by a series of interactions resulting in enzymatic cleavages and which can follow one or the other of at least two pathways. In the case of immune hemolysis (classical pathway), the complex comprises nine components (designated C1-C9) that react in a definite sequence and the activation of which is usually effected by the antigen-antibody complex; only the first seven components are involved in chemotaxis, and only the first four are involved in immune adherence or phagocytosis or are fixed by conglutinins. An alternative pathway (see properdin system)may be activated by factors other than antigen-antibody complexes and involves components other than C1, C4, and C2 in the activation of C3.
See also: component of complement[L. complementum, that which completes, fr. com-pleo, to fill up]

complement

A collection of about 20 serum proteins involved in the immune system process by which the action of antibodies against the invading agent (the ANTIGEN) is completed. Complement combines with antigen-antibody complexes to bring about the breakdown of the antigen-bearing cell or molecule. Some of the serum proteins form enzyme-activated cascades to produce molecules involved in INFLAMMATION, PHAGOCYTOSIS and cell rupture.

complement

the protein components of blood serum that can bind to antigen/antibody groups already formed on the surface of cells, thus enhancing destruction of the foreign body by PHAGOCYTES.

Complement

One of several proteins in the blood that acts with other proteins to assist in killing bacteria.Mentioned in: Meningococcemia

com·ple·ment

(kom'plĕ-mĕnt) Thermolabile substance, normally present in serum, which is destructive to bacteria and other cells sensitized by a specific complement-fixing antibody. [L. complementum, that which completes, fr. com-pleo, to fill up]

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COMPLEMENT

complement

Synonyms for complement

verb enhance

Synonyms

noun accompaniment

Synonyms

noun total

Synonyms

Synonyms for complement

noun something that completes another

Synonyms

noun something added to another for embellishment or completion

Synonyms

verb to supply what is lacking

Synonyms

Synonyms for complement

noun a word or phrase used to complete a grammatical construction

Related Words

noun a complete number or quantity

Related Words

noun number needed to make up a whole force

Synonyms

Related Words

noun something added to complete or embellish or make perfect

Synonyms

Related Words

noun one of a series of enzymes in the blood serum that are part of the immune response

Related Words

noun either of two parts that mutually complete each other

Related Words

verb make complete or perfect

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