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Bourbon
Bour·bon 1 B0422300 (bo͝or′bən, bo͞or-bôN′) French royal family descended from Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (1270?-1342), whose members have ruled in France (1589-1793 and 1814-1830), Spain (1700-1868, 1874-1931, and since 1975), and Naples and Sicily (1734-1860).
Bour·bon 2 B0422000 (bûr′bən)n. A political reactionary, especially a conservative Democrat in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
[Partly in reference to the reactionary rule of the Bourbon family in France between 1815 and 1830 after its restoration to the monarchy, and partly in reference to the southern US origins of bourbon whiskey .]
bour·bon B0422000 (bûr′bən)n. A whiskey distilled from a fermented mash containing not less than 51 percent corn in addition to malt and rye.
[After the region of Bourbon County, Kentucky, which formerly included much of the northeastern part of the state.]bourbon (ˈbɜːbən) n (Brewing) a whiskey distilled, chiefly in the US, from maize, esp one containing at least 51 per cent maize (the rest being malt and rye) and aged in charred white-oak barrels[C19: named after Bourbon county, Kentucky, where it was first made]
Bourbon (ˈbʊəbən; French burbɔ̃) n (Biography) a. a member of the European royal line that ruled in France from 1589 to 1793 (when Louis XVI was executed by the revolutionaries) and was restored in 1815, continuing to rule in its Orleans branch from 1830 until 1848. Bourbon dynasties also ruled in Spain (1700–1808; 1813–1931) and Naples and Sicily (1734–1806; 1815–1860)b. (as modifier): the Bourbon kings. Bour•bon (ˈbʊər bən, bʊərˈbɔ̃ for 1-3; ˈbɜr bən for 4 or, occasionally, for 3 )
n. 1. a member of a French royal family that ruled in France 1589–1792, 1814–1848. Branches of the family have ruled in Spain, Sicily, and Naples. 2. Charles, ( “Constable de Bourbon” ), 1490–1527, French general. 3. a person who is extremely conservative or reactionary. 4. (l.c.) Also called bour′bon whis′key. a straight whiskey distilled from a mash having 51 percent or more corn: orig. the corn whiskey produced in Bourbon County, Kentucky. bourbon - Named for Bourbon County, Kentucky, an American whiskey made from at least 51 percent corn, plus other grains (all bourbons are whiskey, but not all whiskeys are bourbon); whiskey is an alcoholic liquor distilled from grain, such as corn, rye, or barley, and contains approximately 40 to 50 percent ethyl alcohol by volume.See also related terms for whiskey.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | Bourbon - a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)extreme right-winger, reactionary, ultraconservative - an extreme conservative; an opponent of progress or liberalism | | 2. | bourbon - whiskey distilled from a mash of corn and malt and rye and aged in charred oak barrelswhiskey, whisky - a liquor made from fermented mash of grainjulep, mint julep - bourbon and sugar and mint over crushed ice | | 3. | Bourbon - a member of the European royal family that ruled FranceBourbon dynasty, Bourbon - a European royal line that ruled in France (from 1589-1793) and Spain and Naples and Sicilyruler, swayer - a person who rules or commands; "swayer of the universe" | | 4. | Bourbon - a European royal line that ruled in France (from 1589-1793) and Spain and Naples and SicilyBourbon dynastydynasty - a sequence of powerful leaders in the same familyBourbon - a member of the European royal family that ruled FranceHenry IV, Henry of Navarre, Henry the Great - king of France from 1589 to 1610; although he was leader of the Huguenot armies, when he succeeded the Catholic Henry III and founded the Bourbon dynasty in 1589 he established religious freedom in France; |
TranslationsBourbon
Bourbon (bo͞orbôN`), European royal family, originally of France; a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty (see CapetiansCapetians
, royal house of France that ruled continuously from 987 to 1328; it takes its name from Hugh Capet. Related branches of the family (see Valois; Bourbon) ruled France until the final deposition of the monarchy in the 19th cent.
..... Click the link for more information. ). One branch of the Bourbons occupies the modern Spanish throne, and other branches ruled the Two Sicilies and Parma. It takes its name from the now ruined castle of Bourbon, at Bourbon-l'Archambault, Allier dept., which was the seat of a powerful family descended from Adhémar, a noble of the 9th cent. The French Bourbons Robert of Clermont, sixth son of Louis IX of France, married (1272) Beatrice, heiress of Bourbon, and is considered the founder of the line. Robert's son, Louis, was created (1327) 1st duc de Bourbon. The ducal title remained with the descendants of his eldest son until 1527, when Charles, duc de Bourbon, died without issue. Because of his treason, his extensive fiefs were seized by the crown and the ducal title was discontinued. A younger son of Louis, 1st duc de Bourbon, gave issue to the line of Bourbon-Vendôme. The marriage (1548) of Antoine de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme, with Jeanne d'Albret added vast territories in S France (see AlbretAlbret
, former duchy, SW France, in the Landes of Gascony. The powerful lords of Albret became kings of Navarre by the marriage (1484) of Jean d'Albret with Catherine de Foix, queen of Navarre, who also brought him Foix and Béarn.
..... Click the link for more information. ) and the title king of Navarre to his other fiefs (Vendôme, Périgord, Rouergue). From Antoine's brother, Louis I de Condé, the houses of CondéCondé
, family name of a cadet branch of the French royal house of Bourbon. The name was first borne by Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé, 1530–69, Protestant leader and general.
..... Click the link for more information. and ContiConti
, cadet branch of the French royal house of Bourbon. Although the title of prince of Conti was created in the 16th cent., the founder of the continuous line was Armand de Bourbon, prince de Conti,
..... Click the link for more information. were issued. Antoine's son became (1589) the first Bourbon king of France as Henry IVHenry IV,
1553–1610, king of France (1589–1610) and, as Henry III, of Navarre (1572–1610), son of Antoine de Bourbon and Jeanne d'Albret; first of the Bourbon kings of France.
..... Click the link for more information. , the older branches of Louis IX's issue having become extinct (see ValoisValois
, royal house of France that ruled from 1328 to 1589. At the death of Charles IV, the last of the direct Capetians, the Valois dynasty came to the throne in the person of Philip VI, son of Charles of Valois and grandson of Philip III.
..... Click the link for more information. ). Henry IV was succeeded by his son, Louis XIII, and his grandson, Louis XIV. Louis XIV's descendants ruled France (except during the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era, 1792–1814) until the deposition (1830) of Charles X (see FranceFrance
, officially French Republic, republic (2015 est. pop. 64,457,000), 211,207 sq mi (547,026 sq km), W Europe. France is bordered by the English Channel (N), the Atlantic Ocean and the Bay of Biscay (W), Spain and Andorra (SW), the Mediterranean Sea (S; the location of the
..... Click the link for more information. ). With the death (1883) of Henri, comte de ChambordChambord, Henri Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné, comte de
, 1820–83, Bourbon claimant to the French throne, posthumous son of Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry. His original title was duke of Bordeaux.
..... Click the link for more information. , grandson of Charles X, the senior French branch of Bourbon came to an end. From Louis XIV's brother Philip the cadet branch of Bourbon-Orléans (see OrléansOrléans
, family name of two branches of the French royal line.
The house of Valois-Orléans was founded by Louis, duc d'Orléans (see separate article), whose assassination (1407) caused the civil war between Armagnacs and Burgundians.
..... Click the link for more information. , family) is issued; it furnished one king, Louis Philippe (1830–48), and his heirs inherited the claim to the French crown in 1883. A Spanish Bourbon line of pretenders to the crown descends through Jaime, the son of the Spanish King Alfonso XIII. The Spanish Bourbons The line of Bourbon-Spain, or Borbón, began with the accession (1700) of Philip VPhilip V,
1683–1746, king of Spain (1700–1746), first Bourbon on the Spanish throne. A grandson of Louis XIV of France, he was titular duke of Anjou before Charles II of Spain designated him as his successor.
..... Click the link for more information. , a grandson of Louis XIV, to the Spanish throne. He was succeeded by Ferdinand VI, Charles III, Charles IV, and Ferdinand VIIFerdinand VII,
1784–1833, king of Spain (1808–33), son of Charles IV and María Luisa. Excluded from a role in the government, he became the center of intrigues against the chief minister Godoy and attempted to win the support of Napoleon I.
..... Click the link for more information. . Ferdinand VII set aside the Salic law of succession, introduced into Spain by Philip V, in favor of his daughter, Isabella IIIsabella II,
1830–1904, queen of Spain (1833–68), daughter of Ferdinand VII and of Maria Christina. Her uncle, Don Carlos, contested her succession under the Salic law, and thus the Carlist Wars began (see Carlists).
..... Click the link for more information. . Her succession was contested by supporters (see CarlistsCarlists,
partisans of Don Carlos (1788–1855) and his successors, who claimed the Spanish throne under the Salic law of succession, introduced (1713) by Philip V. The law (forced on Philip by the War of the Spanish Succession to avoid a union of the French and Spanish
..... Click the link for more information. ) and descendants of Don Carlos, second son of Charles IV. Relative order was reestablished after Isabella's son was proclaimed (1874) king as Alfonso XII. His son, Alfonso XIII, was deposed in 1931 and died in exile in 1941. His marriage (1906) with Victoria of BattenbergBattenberg
, German princely family, issued from the morganatic union of Alexander, a younger son of Louis II, grand duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, and Countess Julia von Hauke, who was created (1858) princess of Battenberg.
..... Click the link for more information. introduced hemophiliahemophilia
, genetic disease in which the clotting ability of the blood is impaired and excessive bleeding results. The disease is transmitted through females but almost invariably affects male offspring only.
..... Click the link for more information. into his family. His first and fourth sons both died. His second son, Jaime, renounced his right of succession, which fell to Alfonso's third son, Don Juan, who was free from the disease. His son Juan CarlosJuan Carlos I
, 1938–, king of Spain (1975–2014), b. Rome. The grandson of Alfonso XIII, he was educated in Switzerland and in Spain. Placed by his father, Don Juan de Borbón, under the care of Francisco Franco as a possible successor, he graduated from
..... Click the link for more information. , who married Princess Sophia of Greece, was chosen by Spanish dictator Francisco FrancoFranco, Francisco
, 1892–1975, Spanish general and caudillo [leader]. He became a general at the age of 32 after commanding the Spanish Foreign Legion in Morocco.
..... Click the link for more information. as his successor. Juan Carlos became king of Spain in 1975 and established a constitutional monarchy and a liberal democracy. He was succeeded in 2014 by his son, Felipe, as Philip VIPhilip VI,
1968–, king of Spain (2014–). The only son and youngest child of Juan Carlos I, he was created prince of Asturias in 1977. As heir apparent, he traveled widely as a representative of Spain; he also engaged in philanthropic work and was a member of Spain's
..... Click the link for more information. . The Sicilian Bourbons The line of Bourbon-Sicily came out of the Spanish line. It was founded by Ferdinand I of the Two SiciliesTwo Sicilies, kingdom of the.
The name Two Sicilies was used in the Middle Ages to mean the kingdoms of Sicily and of Naples (see Sicily and Naples, kingdom of). Alfonso V of Aragón, who in 1442 reunited the two kingdoms under his rule, styled himself king of the Two
..... Click the link for more information. , who succeeded (1759) his father as king of Naples and of Sicily when the latter became king of Spain as Charles IIICharles III,
1716–88, king of Spain (1759–88) and of Naples and Sicily (1735–59), son of Philip V and Elizabeth Farnese. Recognized as duke of Parma and Piacenza in 1731, he relinquished the duchies to Austria after Spain reconquered (1734) Naples and Sicily in
..... Click the link for more information. . His great-grandson, Francis II, was deposed in 1860. The Parma Bourbons The house of Bourbon-Parma was established (1748) in the duchy of ParmaParma
, city (1991 pop. 170,520), capital of Parma prov., in Emilia-Romagna, N Italy, on the Parma River and on the Aemilian Way. It is a rich agricultural market, a transportation junction, and a major industrial center.
..... Click the link for more information. and Piacenza by Philip, a younger son of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth FarneseElizabeth Farnese
, 1692–1766, queen of Spain, second consort of Philip V; niece of Antonio Farnese, duke of Parma. Soon after her marriage (1714), arranged by Cardinal Alberoni and the princesse des Ursins, she gained a strong influence over her weak husband and for some
..... Click the link for more information. of Parma. Robert, fifth duke of the line, was deposed in 1859. Among his numerous children were Empress ZitaZita
, 1892–1989, last empress of Austria and queen of Hungary. The daughter of Duke Robert of Parma, she was married (1911) to Archduke Charles Francis, who in 1916 became emperor as Charles I.
..... Click the link for more information. of Austria, Sixtus of Bourbon-ParmaSixtus of Bourbon-Parma, Prince,
1886–1934, son of Robert, last duke of Parma. While serving as an officer in the Belgian army, he was the intermediary for his brother-in-law, Emperor Charles I of Austria-Hungary, in Charles's secret attempt to negotiate peace with the
..... Click the link for more information. , and Prince René, who married Princess Margaret of Denmark. René's and Margaret's daughter, Anne, married (1948) MichaelMichael,
1921–2017, king of Romania (1927–30, 1940–47). His father, Prince Carol (later Carol II), renounced his right of succession in 1925, and young Michael ascended the throne under a regency on the death of Ferdinand.
..... Click the link for more information. of Romania. bourbon[′bu̇r·bən] (food engineering) A whiskey distilled from a corn mash containing at least 51% corn, with malt and rye composing the remaining ingredients, and aged in containers made of charred oak. bourbon a whiskey distilled, chiefly in the US, from maize, esp one containing at least 51 per cent maize (the rest being malt and rye) and aged in charred white-oak barrels
Bourbona. a member of the European royal line that ruled in France from 1589 to 1793 (when Louis XVI was executed by the revolutionaries) and was restored in 1815, continuing to rule in its Orleans branch from 1830 until 1848. Bourbon dynasties also ruled in Spain (1700--1808; 1813--1931) and Naples and Sicily (1734--1806; 1815--1860) b. (as modifier): the Bourbon kings Bourbon
Words related to Bourbonnoun a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)Related Words- extreme right-winger
- reactionary
- ultraconservative
noun whiskey distilled from a mash of corn and malt and rye and aged in charred oak barrelsRelated Words- whiskey
- whisky
- julep
- mint julep
noun a member of the European royal family that ruled FranceRelated Words- Bourbon dynasty
- Bourbon
- ruler
- swayer
noun a European royal line that ruled in France (from 1589-1793) and Spain and Naples and SicilySynonymsRelated Words- dynasty
- Bourbon
- Henry IV
- Henry of Navarre
- Henry the Great
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