| 单词 | european parliament |
| 释义 | European ParliamentEuropean ParliamentEuropean ParliamentEuropean Parliament,an institution of the governing body of the European UnionEuropean Union(EU), name given since the ratification (Nov., 1993) of the Treaty of European Union, or Maastricht Treaty, to the European Community (EC), an economic and political confederation of European nations, and other organizations (with the same member nations) ..... Click the link for more information. (EU). It convenes on a monthly basis in Strasbourg, France; most meetings of the separate parliamentary committees are held in Brussels, Belgium, and its Secretariat is located in Luxembourg. The European Parliament was founded in 1958 as the European Parliamentary Assembly, and its members were chosen by the parliaments of the nations belonging to the three treaty organizations that were later merged to form what is now the EU. Since 1979, the members sent by each nation have been directly elected by its citizens for five-year terms. Once elected, members are grouped according to political party or faction rather than nationality. Its expansion over the years has followed that of the EU; the Treaty of Lisbon (ratified 2009) sets its membership at 751. The parliament was for many years a consultative body, but its powers have been expanded. Those powers remain largely negative ones, exercised mainly through its ability to refuse to grant approval or otherwise act as required; it may not initiate legislation. The final vote on legislation proposed by the European CommissionEuropean Commission European ParliamentEuropean Parliamentthe democratic assembly of the EUROPEAN UNION. Members are directly elected and are known as Members of the European Parliament (MEPs). They are elected by proportional representation, and the term is for five years. The Parliament exercises an advisory and supervisory role. It has some influence as a result of the Budgetary Treaty of 1970, and the Single European Act gave it added influence by extending the CODECISION PROCEDURE. The COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION must reply to Members' questions, and the COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION has agreed to do so also. An elephant gun of control, existing in the power to pass a motion of censure on the Commission that, if passed, would force the Commission to resign, has been used once and improves the Parliament's influence over this body. Such a motion can be passed only after substantial procedural hurdles have been cleared. Parliament's budgetary powers allow it to modify obligatory expenditure under the Treaty and allow it to amend non-obligatory expenditure within a maximum set by the Commission. It must adopt the budget, and in 1979 exercised its power to reject it for important reasons, acting by a majority of members and two-thirds of the votes cast. Since the inter-institutional agreement of 1 July 1988, arrangements have been made to prevent the disruption that such action can have on Community finances. Along with the EUROPEAN COURT OF AUDITORS, the Parliament supervises the implementation of the budget. The Parliament has standing to institute action in the COURT OF JUSTICE against the Commission or the Council.European ParliamentEuropean Parliamentthe permanent legislative assembly of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) directly elected by the electors of the member countries of the EUROPEAN UNION. |
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