backbone

back·bone

B0010400 (băk′bōn′)n.1. The vertebrate spine or spinal column.2. Something, such as the keel of a ship, that resembles a backbone.3. The main support or major sustaining factor: the backbone of a thesis.4. Strength of character; determination: displayed grit and backbone in facing adversity.5. Geology a. A ridge forming the principal axis of a mountain.b. The principal mountain ridge, range, or system of a region.6. Chemistry The main chain of atoms in a polymer.7. Computers A high-speed communications line that connects smaller, local networks to each other, especially in a wide area network.

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back′boned′ adj.

backbone

(ˈbækˌbəʊn) n1. (Anatomy) a nontechnical name for spinal column2. something that resembles the spinal column in function, position, or appearance3. strength of character; courage4. (Physical Geography) the main or central mountain range of a country or region5. (Nautical Terms) nautical the main longitudinal members of a vessel, giving structural strength6. (Computer Science) computing (in computer networks) a large-capacity, high-speed central section by which other network segments are connected

back•bone

(ˈbækˌboʊn)

n. 1. the spinal column; spine. 2. strength of character; resolution. 3. something resembling a backbone in appearance, position, or function. 4. spine (def. 6). [1250–1300]

back·bone

(băk′bōn′) See vertebral column.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	backbone - a central cohesive source of support and stability; "faith is his anchor"; "the keystone of campaign reform was the ban on soft money"; "he is the linchpin of this firm"keystone, linchpin, lynchpin, mainstay, anchorsupport - something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest; "the policy found little public support"; "his faith was all the support he needed"; "the team enjoyed the support of their fans"
	2.	backbone - fortitude and determination; "he didn't have the guts to try it"guts, moxie, grit, gumption, sandfortitude - strength of mind that enables one to endure adversity with couragecolloquialism - a colloquial expression; characteristic of spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech
	3.	backbone - the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord; "the fall broke his back"spinal column, spine, vertebral column, rachis, backnotochord - a flexible rodlike structure that forms the supporting axis of the body in the lowest chordates and lowest vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrateschine - backbone of an animalcanalis vertebralis, spinal canal, vertebral canal - the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passescoccyx, tail bone - the end of the vertebral column in humans and tailless apesvertebra - one of the bony segments of the spinal columnintervertebral disc, intervertebral disk - a fibrocartilaginous disc serving as a cushion between all of the vertebrae of the spinal column (except between the first two)skeletal structure - any structure created by the skeleton of an organismaxial skeleton - the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs
	4.	backbone - the part of a book's cover that encloses the inner side of the book's pages and that faces outward when the book is shelved; "the title and author were printed on the spine of the book"spinebook, volume - physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together; "he used a large book as a doorstop"part, portion - something less than the whole of a human artifact; "the rear part of the house"; "glue the two parts together"
	5.	backbone - the part of a network that connects other networks together; "the backbone is the part of a communication network that carries the heaviest traffic"connecter, connector, connective, connection, connexion - an instrumentality that connects; "he soldered the connection"; "he didn't have the right connector between the amplifier and the speakers"meshwork, meshing, network, mesh, net - an open fabric of string or rope or wire woven together at regular intervals

backbone

noun1. spinal column, back, spine, vertebrae, vertebral column She doubled over, snapping her backbone and breaking her arm.2. foundation, support, base, basis, mainstay, bedrock the economic backbone of the nation3. strength of character, will, balls (taboo slang), character, bottle (Brit. slang), resolution, resolve, nerve, daring, courage, determination, guts, pluck, stamina, grit, bravery, fortitude, toughness, tenacity, willpower, mettle, boldness, firmness, spunk (informal), fearlessness, steadfastness, moral fibre, hardihood, ballsiness (taboo slang), dauntlessness You might be taking drastic measures and you've got to have the backbone to do that.

Translations

主要支柱脊椎脊骨

back

(bӕk) noun1. in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine. She lay on her back. （人）背部 （人）背部 2. in animals, the upper part of the body. She put the saddle on the horse's back. （動物）背部 （动物）背部，后面 3. that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front. the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall. 背面 背面4. in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards. （足球等的）後衛 （足球等的）后卫 adjective of or at the back. the back door. 後面的 后面的 adverb1. to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came. I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner. 回原處 回原处2. away (from something); not near (something). Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you! 退開 后退3. towards the back (of something). Sit back in your chair. 往後 向后4. in return; in response to. When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back. 回覆 答复5. to, or in, the past. Think back to your childhood. 回溯 回溯 verb1. to (cause to) move backwards. He backed (his car) out of the garage. 倒退 倒退2. to help or support. Will you back me against the others? 支持 支持3. to bet or gamble on. I backed your horse to win. 打賭或下賭注 下赌注在...上ˈbacker noun a person who supports someone or something, especially with money. the backer of the new theatre. 贊助人，支持者 赞助人，支持者 ˈbackbite verb to criticize a person when he is not present. 背後批評 背后说人坏话ˈbackbiting nounConstant backbiting by her colleagues led to her resignation. 背後中傷 诽谤ˈbackbone noun1. the spine. the backbone of a fish. 背脊 脊骨2. the chief support. The older employees are the backbone of the industry. 主要支柱 主要支柱ˈbackbreaking adjective (of a task etc) very difficult or requiring very hard work. Digging the garden is a backbreaking job. 繁重的，累人的 非常辛劳的，艰苦繁重的 ˌbackˈdate verb1. to put an earlier date on (a cheque etc). He should have paid his bill last month and so he has backdated the cheque. 在(支票)上填上先前的日期 在（支票）上书写更早的日期 2. to make payable from a date in the past. Our rise in pay was backdated to April. 從過去某個時點開始支付 自过去某时起支付ˌbackˈfire verb1. (of a motor-car etc) to make a loud bang because of unburnt gases in the exhaust system. The car backfired. (汽車引擎)回火 （汽车）回火 2. (of a plan etc) to have unexpected results, often opposite to the intended results. His scheme backfired (on him), and he lost money. 得到適得其反的結果 产生事与愿违的结果ˈbackground noun1. the space behind the principal or most important figures or objects of a picture etc. He always paints ships against a background of stormy skies; trees in the background of the picture. 背景 背景2. happenings that go before, and help to explain, an event etc. the background to a situation. 背景情況 背景情况3. a person's origins, education etc. She was ashamed of her humble background. 經歷，學歷 经历，学历 ˈbackhand noun1. in tennis etc, a stroke or shot with the back of one's hand turned towards the ball. a clever backhand; His backhand is very strong. (網球等的)反手擊球 （网球等的）反手击球 2. writing with the letters sloping backwards. I can always recognize her backhand. 左斜體筆跡 左斜体书法 adverb using backhand. She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand. 反手地 反手地ˈbacklog noun a pile of uncompleted work etc which has collected. a backlog of orders because of the strike. 積壓的工作 积压的工作ˌback-ˈnumber noun an out-of-date copy or issue of a magazine etc. He collects back-numbers of comic magazines. 過期的期刊 过期的报刊ˈbackpack noun (especially American) a bag that walkers, people who go on trips, or students carry on their backs. 背包 背包ˈbackpacking: go backpacking to go on trips or go camping carrying a backpack. 揹著背包旅行或露營 背包旅行或露营ˈbackpacker noun 揹著背包旅行或露營的人，背包客 背包旅行或露营者ˈbackside noun the bottom or buttocks. He sits on his backside all day long and does no work. 臀部 屁股，臀部 ˈbackslash noun the sign (\\). 反斜線 反斜线符号ˈbackstroke noun in swimming, a stroke made when lying on one's back in the water. The child is good at backstroke. 仰泳 仰泳ˈbackup noun1. additional people who provide help when it is needed. The police officer requested some backup when the shooting began. 後備人員 后援，后备者 2. a copy of a computer file that can be used in case the original is destroyed. (電腦檔案)備份 备份文件3. (also adjective) a piece of equipment, a system etc that can be used when there is a problem with the original one. a backup plan; We have a backup generator in case the power fails. 備用(設備或系統等) 备份的，备用的 ˈbackwash noun1. a backward current eg that following a ship's passage through the water. the backwash of the steamer. 船行經水面後形成的回流 由船等运动引起的逆流2. the unintentional results of an action, situation etc. The backwash of that firm's financial troubles affected several other firms. 無心造成的結果 反响ˈbackwater noun1. a stretch of river not in the main stream. 河川某段水流受阻所形成的回水 回流2. a place not affected by what is happening in the world outside. That village is rather a backwater. 與世隔絕的地方 闭塞的地方，與世隔絕的地方 ˌbackˈyard noun (especially American) a garden at the back of a house etc. He grows vegetables in his backyard. 後院 后院back down to give up one's opinion, claim etc. She backed down in the face of strong opposition. 放棄(己見、要求等)，讓步 放弃（观点），退让 back of (American) behind. He parked back of the store. 在...的後方 在...的后部back on to (of a building etc) to have its back next to (something). My house backs on to the racecourse. 背對著 背对著back out1. to move out backwards. He opened the garage door and backed (his car) out. 倒退移出 倒出2. to withdraw from a promise etc. You promised to help – you mustn't back out now! 收回(承諾)，食言 收回（承诺） back up1. to support or encourage. The new evidence backed up my arguments. 支持 支持2. to make a copy of the information stored on the computer or disk. 備份 备份have one's back to the wall to be in a very difficult or desperate situation. He certainly has his back to the wall as he has lost his job and cannot find another one. 進退維谷 处于绝境put someone's back up to anger someone. He put my back up with his boasting. 激怒（某人） 激怒（某人） take a back seat to take an unimportant position. At these discussions he always takes a back seat and listens to others talking. 退居第二線 处于次要地位，谦让

backbone

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