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单词 circuit
释义

circuit


circuittop: Bulbs in a series circuit are dim because electricity has to pass through every bulb in the circuit before returning to the battery.bottom: Bulbs in a parallel circuit shine brightly because each bulb has its own circuit that connects directly to the battery.

cir·cuit

C0362800 (sûr′kĭt)n.1. a. A closed, usually circular line that goes around an object or area. See Synonyms at circumference.b. The region enclosed by such a line.2. a. A path or route the complete traversal of which without local change of direction requires returning to the starting point.b. The act of following such a path or route.c. A journey made on such a path or route.3. Electronics a. A closed path followed or capable of being followed by an electric current.b. A configuration of electrically or electromagnetically connected components or devices.4. a. A regular or accustomed course from place to place; a round: a salesperson on the Detroit-Minneapolis-Chicago circuit; a popular speaker on the lecture circuit.b. The area covered by such a course, especially by the judge or judges of a court.5. a. An association of theaters in which plays, acts, or films move from theater to theater for presentation.b. A group of nightclubs, show halls, or resorts at which entertainers appear in turn.c. A series of competitions held in different places.intr. & tr.v. cir·cuit·ed, cir·cuit·ing, cir·cuits To make a circuit or circuit of.
[Middle English, circumference, from Old French, from Latin circuitus, a going around, from past participle of circumīre, to go around : circum-, circum- + īre, to go; see ei- in Indo-European roots.]

circuit

(ˈsɜːkɪt) n1. a. a complete route or course, esp one that is curved or circular or that lies around an objectb. the area enclosed within such a route2. the act of following such a route: we made three circuits of the course. 3. (Electronics) a. a complete path through which an electric current can flowb. (as modifier): a circuit diagram. 4. a. a periodical journey around an area, as made by judges, salesmen, etcb. the route traversed or places visited on such a journeyc. the persons making such a journey5. (Protestantism) an administrative division of the Methodist Church comprising a number of neighbouring churches6. (Law) English law one of six areas into which England is divided for the administration of justice7. (Theatre) a number of theatres, cinemas, etc, under one management or in which the same film is shown or in which a company of performers plays in turn8. (General Sporting Terms) sport a. a series of tournaments in which the same players regularly take part: the international tennis circuit. b. the circuit the contestants who take part in such a series9. (Motor Racing) chiefly Brit a motor racing track, usually of irregular shapevbto make or travel in a circuit around (something)[C14: from Latin circuitus a going around, from circumīre, from circum around + īre to go] ˈcircuital adj

cir•cuit

(ˈsɜr kɪt)

n. 1. an act or instance of going or moving around. 2. a circular journey; round. 3. a roundabout journey or course. 4. a. a periodical journey from place to place, as by judges to hold court, ministers to preach, or salespeople covering a route. b. the persons making such a journey. c. the route followed or district covered. 5. the line bounding any area or object; the distance about an area or object. 6. a. the complete path of an electric current, including the generating apparatus, intervening resistors, or capacitors. b. any well-defined segment of a complete circuit. 7. a means of transmitting communication signals or messages, usu. comprising two channels for interactive communication. 8. a number of theaters, clubs, parks, or the like controlled by one management, devoted to one pursuit, or visited in turn by the same participants. 9. a league or association: a softball circuit. v.t. 10. to go or move around; make the circuit of. v.i. 11. to go or move in a circuit. [1350–1400; Middle English < Latin circuitus, variant of circumitus circular motion, cycle <circu(m)i-, variant s. of circu(m)īre to go round, circle (circum- circum- + īre to go); compare ambit, exit1] cir′cuit•al, adj.
circuitBulbs in a series circuit (left) give off dim light since they each consume a portion of the power coming through a single circuit connected to the battery. In a parallel circuit (right) bulbs shine brightly since each is directly connected in its own circuit to the power source.

cir·cuit

(sûr′kĭt)1. A closed path through which an electric current flows or may flow. ♦ Circuits in which a power source is connected to two or more components (such as light bulbs), one after the other, are called series circuits. If the circuit is broken, none of the components receives a current. Circuits in which a power source is directly connected to two or more components are called , parallel circuits. If a break occurs in the circuit, only the component along whose path the break occurs stops receiving a current.2. A system of electrically connected parts or devices: a microchip containing all the circuits of a computer.

Circuit

 the action of moving round about; those persons making a circuit; used figuratively.Examples: circuit of judges and barristers, 1494; of deductions, 1594; of reasoning, 1836; of speech, 1605; of words, 1672.

circuit


Past participle: circuited
Gerund: circuiting
Imperative
circuit
circuit
Present
I circuit
you circuit
he/she/it circuits
we circuit
you circuit
they circuit
Preterite
I circuited
you circuited
he/she/it circuited
we circuited
you circuited
they circuited
Present Continuous
I am circuiting
you are circuiting
he/she/it is circuiting
we are circuiting
you are circuiting
they are circuiting
Present Perfect
I have circuited
you have circuited
he/she/it has circuited
we have circuited
you have circuited
they have circuited
Past Continuous
I was circuiting
you were circuiting
he/she/it was circuiting
we were circuiting
you were circuiting
they were circuiting
Past Perfect
I had circuited
you had circuited
he/she/it had circuited
we had circuited
you had circuited
they had circuited
Future
I will circuit
you will circuit
he/she/it will circuit
we will circuit
you will circuit
they will circuit
Future Perfect
I will have circuited
you will have circuited
he/she/it will have circuited
we will have circuited
you will have circuited
they will have circuited
Future Continuous
I will be circuiting
you will be circuiting
he/she/it will be circuiting
we will be circuiting
you will be circuiting
they will be circuiting
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been circuiting
you have been circuiting
he/she/it has been circuiting
we have been circuiting
you have been circuiting
they have been circuiting
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been circuiting
you will have been circuiting
he/she/it will have been circuiting
we will have been circuiting
you will have been circuiting
they will have been circuiting
Past Perfect Continuous
I had been circuiting
you had been circuiting
he/she/it had been circuiting
we had been circuiting
you had been circuiting
they had been circuiting
Conditional
I would circuit
you would circuit
he/she/it would circuit
we would circuit
you would circuit
they would circuit
Past Conditional
I would have circuited
you would have circuited
he/she/it would have circuited
we would have circuited
you would have circuited
they would have circuited
Thesaurus
Noun1.circuit - an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flowcircuit - an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flowelectric circuit, electrical circuitbridge circuit, bridge - a circuit consisting of two branches (4 arms arranged in a diamond configuration) across which a meter is connectedbridged-T - a circuit consisting of a T-network with an additional shunt bridging the two series circuitscapacitor, condenser, electrical condenser, capacitance - an electrical device characterized by its capacity to store an electric chargechoke, choke coil, choking coil - a coil of low resistance and high inductance used in electrical circuits to pass direct current and attenuate alternating currentclosed circuit, loop - a complete electrical circuit around which current flows or a signal circulatescomputer circuit - a circuit that is part of a computerdelay line - a circuit designed to introduce a calculated delay into the transmission of a signalelectrical device - a device that produces or is powered by electricityelectronic equipment - equipment that involves the controlled conduction of electrons (especially in a gas or vacuum or semiconductor)feedback circuit, feedback loop - a circuit that feeds back some of the output to the input of a systemflip-flop - an electronic circuit that can assume either of two stable statesclipper, limiter - (electronics) a nonlinear electronic circuit whose output is limited in amplitude; used to limit the instantaneous amplitude of a waveform (to clip off the peaks of a waveform); "a limiter introduces amplitude distortion"data link, link - an interconnecting circuit between two or more locations for the purpose of transmitting and receiving dataopen circuit - an incomplete electrical circuit in which no current flowspulse timing circuit - a circuit that times pulseselectrical relay, relay - electrical device such that current flowing through it in one circuit can switch on and off a current in a second circuitresistor, resistance - an electrical device that resists the flow of electrical currentresonant circuit, resonator - an electrical circuit that combines capacitance and inductance in such a way that a periodic electric oscillation will reach maximum amplitudeseries circuit - a circuit having its parts connected seriallyshort circuit, short - accidental contact between two points in an electric circuit that have a potential differenceelectrical shunt, shunt, bypass - a conductor having low resistance in parallel with another device to divert a fraction of the currentsquelch circuit, squelcher, squelch - an electric circuit that cuts off a receiver when the signal becomes weaker than the noisetank circuit - an oscillatory circuitT-network - a circuit formed by two equal series circuits with a shunt between themelectron tube, thermionic tube, thermionic vacuum tube, thermionic valve, vacuum tube, tube - electronic device consisting of a system of electrodes arranged in an evacuated glass or metal envelopewiring - a circuit of wires for the distribution of electricity
2.circuit - a journey or route all the way around a particular place or areacircuit - a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area; "they took an extended tour of Europe"; "we took a quick circuit of the park"; "a ten-day coach circuit of the island"tourwalkabout - a walking trip or tourjourney, journeying - the act of traveling from one place to anothergrand tour - a sightseeing tour of a building or institutiongrand tour - an extended cultural tour of Europe taken by wealthy young Englishmen (especially in the 18th century) as part of their educationitineration - journeying from place to place preaching or lecturing; a preaching tour or lecturing tourpackage holiday, package tour - a tour arranged by a travel agent; transportation and food and lodging are all provided at an inclusive pricepub crawl - a tour of bars or public houses (usually taking one drink at each stop)whistle-stop tour - a tour by a candidate as part of a political campaign in which a series of small towns are visited; "in 1948 Truman crossed the country several times on his whistle-stop tours"
3.circuit - an established itinerary of venues or events that a particular group of people travel to; "she's a familiar name on the club circuit"; "on the lecture circuit"; "the judge makes a circuit of the courts in his district"; "the international tennis circuit"itinerary, route, path - an established line of travel or access
4.circuit - the boundary line encompassing an area or object; "he had walked the full circumference of his land"; "a danger to all races over the whole circumference of the globe"circumferenceborder, borderline, boundary line, delimitation, mete - a line that indicates a boundary
5.circuit - (law) a judicial division of a state or the United States (so-called because originally judges traveled and held court in different locations); one of the twelve groups of states in the United States that is covered by a particular circuit court of appealsgroup, grouping - any number of entities (members) considered as a unitlaw, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"
6.circuit - a racetrack for automobile racescircuit - a racetrack for automobile races racing circuitracecourse, racetrack, raceway, track - a course over which races are runBritain, Great Britain, U.K., UK, United Kingdom, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland - a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; `Great Britain' is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom
7.circuit - movement once around a course; "he drove an extra lap just for insurance"circle, laplocomotion, travel - self-propelled movementpace lap - the first lap of a car race that prepares the cars for a fast startlap of honour, victory lap - a lap by the winning person or team run to celebrate the victory
Verb1.circuit - make a circuit; "They were circuiting about the state"go, locomote, move, travel - change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically; "How fast does your new car go?"; "We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus"; "The policemen went from door to door looking for the suspect"; "The soldiers moved towards the city in an attempt to take it before night fell"; "news travelled fast"

circuit

noun1. course, round, tour, track, route, journey I get asked this question a lot when I'm on the lecture circuit.2. racetrack, course, track, racecourse the historic racing circuit at Brooklands3. lap, round, tour, revolution, orbit, perambulation She made a slow circuit of the room.

circuit

noun1. A line around a closed figure or area:ambit, circumference, compass, perimeter, periphery.2. A closed plane curve everywhere equidistant from a fixed point or something shaped like this:band, circle, disk, gyre, ring, wheel.Archaic: orb.3. A course, process, or journey that ends where it began or repeats itself:circle, cycle, orbit, round, tour, turn.4. Circular movement around a point or about an axis:circulation, circumvolution, gyration, revolution, rotation, turn, wheel, whirl.5. An area regularly covered, as by a policeman or reporter:beat, round, route.6. A group of athletic teams that play each other:association, conference, league, loop.
Translations
电路跑道巡回环行

circuit

(ˈsəːkit) noun1. a journey or course round something. the earth's circuit round the sun; three circuits of the race-track. 環行 环行2. a race-track, running-track etc. 跑道 跑道3. the path of an electric current and the parts through which it passes. 電路 电路4. a journey or tour made regularly and repeatedly eg by salesmen, sportsmen etc. 巡迴 巡回circuitous (səːˈkjuitəs) adjective round-about; not direct. a circuitous route. 迂迴的，間接的 迂回的，间接的

circuit

→ 电路zhCN

circuit


circuit slugger

In baseball, a player who often hits home runs, running the full circuit of bases when they do so. The new circuit slugger has been an incredible asset to the team this season.See also: circuit

the sawdust circuit

dated The itinerary of or route taken by a travelling evangelist preacher. (Variant of the more common "sawdust trail.") Primarily heard in US. Old Bill Baxton? Shoot, he's been on the sawdust circuit for the better part of his life. He probably wouldn't be able to settle down in one place if he tried!See also: circuit, sawdust

circuit


circuit

1. a. a complete path through which an electric current can flow b. (as modifier): a circuit diagram 2. an administrative division of the Methodist Church comprising a number of neighbouring churches 3. English law one of six areas into which England is divided for the administration of justice 4. a number of theatres, cinemas, etc., under one management or in which the same film is shown or in which a company of performers plays in turn 5. Chiefly Brit a motor racing track, usually of irregular shape

Circuit

The path taken by an electric current in flowing through a conductor through one complete run of a set of wires from a power source, such as a panelboard, to various electrical devices and back to the same power source. The wires used for various circuits are prescribed by codes, such as the National Electrical Code.

circuit

[′sər·kət] (electricity) electric circuit (electromagnetism) A complete wire, radio, or carrier communications channel. (mathematics) cycle

Circuit (electricity)

A general term referring to a system or part of a system of conducting parts and their interconnections through which an electric current is intended to flow. A circuit is made up of active and passive elements or parts and their interconnecting conducting paths. The active elements are the sources of electric energy for the circuit; they may be batteries, direct-current generators, or alternating-current generators. The passive elements are resistors, inductors, and capacitors. The electric circuit is described by a circuit diagram or map showing the active and passive elements and their connecting conducting paths.

Devices with an individual physical identity, such as amplifiers, transistors, loudspeakers, and generators, are often represented by equivalent circuits for purposes of analysis. These equivalent circuits are made up of the basic passive and active elements listed above.

Electric circuits are used to transmit power as in high-voltage power lines and transformers or in low-voltage distribution circuits in factories and homes; to convert energy from or to its electrical form as in motors, generators, microphones, loudspeakers, and lamps; to communicate information as in telephone, telegraph, radio, and television systems; to process and store data and make logical decisions as in computers; and to form systems for automatic control of equipment.

Electric circuit theory includes the study of all aspects of electric circuits, including analysis, design, and application. In electric circuit theory the fundamental quantities are the potential differences (voltages) in volts between various points, the electric currents in amperes flowing in the several paths, and the parameters in ohms or mhos which describe the passive elements. Other important circuit quantities such as power, energy, and time constants may be calculated from the fundamental variables. For a discussion of these parameters.

Electric circuit theory is often divided into special topics, either on the basis of how the voltages and currents in the circuit vary with time (direct-current, alternating-current, nonsinu-soidal, digital, and transient circuit theory) or by the arrangement or configuration of the electric current paths (series circuits, parallel circuits, series-parallel circuits, networks, coupled circuits, open circuits, and short circuits). Circuit theory can also be divided into special topics according to the physical devices forming the circuit, or the application and use of the circuit (power, communication, electronic, solid-state, integrated, computer, and control circuits). See Alternating current, Circuit (electronics), Integrated circuits, Negative-resistance circuits

Circuit (electronics)

An interconnection of electronic devices, an electronic device being an entity having terminals which is described at its terminals by electromagnetic laws. Most commonly these are voltage-current laws, but others, such as photovoltaic relationships, may occur.

Some typical electronic devices are represented as shown in Fig. 1, where a resistor, a capacitor, a diode, transistors, an operational amplifier, an inductor, a transformer, voltage and current sources, and a ground are indicated. Other devices (such as vacuum tubes, switches, and logic gates) exist, in some cases as combinations of the ones mentioned. The interconnection laws are (1) the Kirchhoff voltage law, which states that the sum of voltages around a closed loop is zero, and (2) the Kirchhoff current law, which states that the sum of the currents into a closed surface is zero (where often the surface is shrunk to a point, the node, where device terminals join). Figure 2 represents an electronic circuit which is the interconnection of resistors (R, RB1, RB2, RE, RL), capacitors (C), a battery voltage source (VCC), a current source (is), a bipolar transistor (T), and a switch (S). Functionally Fig. 2 represents a high-pass filter when S is open, and an oscillator when S is closed and the current source is removed. See Amplifier, Capacitor, Current sources and mirrors, Diode, Inductor, Kirchhoff's laws of electric circuits, Logic circuits; Operational amplifier, Oscillator, Transformer, Transistor

Representation of some typical electronic devicesRepresentation of some typical electronic devices Diagram of electronic circuitDiagram of electronic circuit

The devices in an electronic circuit are classified as being either passive or active. The passive devices change signal energy, as is done dynamically by capacitors and statically by transformers, or absorb signal energy, as occurs in resistors, which also act to convert voltages to currents and vice versa. The active devices, such as batteries, transistors, operational amplifiers, and vacuum tubes, can supply signal energy to the circuit and in many cases amplify signal energy by transforming power supply energy into signal energy. Often, though, they are used for other purposes, such as to route signals in logic circuits. Transistors can be considered the workhorses of modern electronic circuits, and consequently many types of transistors have been developed, among which the most widely used are the bipolar junction transistor (BJT), the junction field-effect transistor (JFET), and the metal oxide silicon field-effect transistor (MOSFET). See Electronic power supply

Fortunately, most of these transistors occur in pairs, such as the npn and the pnp bipolar junction transistors, or the n-channel and the p-channel MOSFETs, allowing designers to work symmetrically with positive and negative signals and sources. This statement may be clarified by noting that transistors can be characterized by graphs of output current i versus output voltage v that are parametrized by an input current (in the case of the bipolar junction transistor) or input voltage (in the MOSFET and JFET cases). Typically, the curves for an npn bipolar junction transistor or an n-channel field-effect transistor are used in the first quadrant of the output i-v plane, while for a pnp bipolar junction transistor or a p-channel field-effect transistor the same curves show up in the third quadrant. Mathematically, if i = f(v) for an npn bipolar junction transistor or n-channel field-effect device, then i = -f(-v) for a pnp bipolar junction transistor or p-channel field-effect device when the controlling parameters are also changed in sign.

Transistors

Transistors are basic to the operation of electronic circuits. Bipolar transistors have three terminals, designated as the base B, the collector C, and the emitter E. These terminals connect to two diode junctions, B-C and B-E, these forming back-to-back diodes. The B-E junction is often forward-biased, in which case its voltage is about 0.7 V, while the B-C junction is reverse-biased for linear operation.

Besides biasing of the junctions for linear operation, any state of the two junctions can occur. For example, both junctions might be forward-biased, in which case the transistor is said to be in saturation and acts nearly as a short circuit between E-C, while if the junctions are simultaneously back-biased the transistor is said to be cut off and acts as an open circuit between all terminals. The transistor can be controlled between saturation and cutoff to make it act as an electronically controlled switch. This mode of operation is especially useful for binary arithmetic, as used by almost all digital computers, where 0 and 1 logic levels are represented by the saturation and cutoff transistor states.

MOSFETs have three regions of operation: cutoff, saturated, and resistive. The MOSFET also has three terminals, the gate G, the drain D, and the source S. A key parameter characterizing the MOSFET is a threshold voltage Vth. When the G-S voltage is below the threshold voltage, no drain current flows and the transistor is cut off.

The MOSFET is a versatile device, acting as a voltage-controlled current source in the saturation region and approximately as a voltage-controlled resistor in the resistive region. It can also be electronically controlled between cutoff and the resistive region to make it act as a switch, while for small signals around an operating point in the saturation region it acts as a linear amplifier. Another feature of the MOSFET is that, besides the categories of n-channel and p-channel devices, there are also enhancement- and depletion-mode devices of each category. In practice, for electronic circuit considerations, an n-channel device has Vth > 0 for enhancement-mode devices and Vth < 0 for depletion-mode devices, while the signs are reversed for p-channel devices.

Biasing of circuits

Since active devices usually supply signal energy to an electronic circuit, and since energy can only be transformed and not created, a source of energy is needed when active devices are present. This energy is usually obtained from batteries or through rectification of sinusoidal voltages supplied by power companies. When inserted into an electronic circuit, such a source of energy fixes the quiescent operation of the circuit; that is, it allows the circuit to be biased to a given operating point with no signal applied, so that when a signal is present it will be processed properly. To be useful, an electronic circuit produces one or more outputs; often inputs are applied to produce the outputs. These inputs and outputs are called the signals and, consequently, generally differ from the bias quantities, though often it is hard to separate signal and bias variables. Biasing of electronic circuits is an important, non- trivial, and often overlooked aspect of their operation. See Bias (electronics)

Analog versus digital circuits

Electronic circuits are also classified as analog or digital. Analog circuits work with signals that span a full range of values of voltages and currents, while digital circuits work with signals that are at prescribed levels to represent numerical digits. Analog signals generally are used for continuous-time processes, while digital ones most frequently occur where transistions are synchronized via a clock. However, there are situations where it is desirable to transfer between these two classes of signals, that is, where analog signals are needed to excite a digital circuit or where a digital signal is needed to excite an analog circuit. For example, it may be desired to feed a biomedically recorded signal, such as an electrocardiogram into a digital computer, or it may be desired to feed a digital computer output into an analog circuit, such as a temperature controller. For such cases, there are special electronic circuits, called analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters. See Analog-to-digital converter

Feedback

An important concept in electronic circuits is that of feedback. Feedback occurs when an output signal is fed around a device to contribute to the input of the device. Consequently, when positive feedback occurs, that is, when the output signal returns to reinforce itself upon being fed back, it can lead to the generation of signals which may or may not be wanted. Circuit designers need to be conscious of all possible feedback paths that are present in their circuits so that they can ensure that unwanted oscillations do not occur. In the case of negative feedback, that is, when the output signal returns to weaken itself, then a number of improvements in circuit performance often ensue; for example, the circuit can be made less sensitive to changes in the environment or element variations, and deleterious nonlinear effects can be minimized. See Control systems, Feedback circuit

Digital circuits

The digital computer is based on digital electronic circuits. Although some of the circuits are quite sophisticated, such as the microprocessors integrated on a single chip, the concepts behind most of the circuits involved in digital computers are quite simple compared to the circuits used for analog signal processing. The most basic circuit is the inverter; a simple realization based upon the MOS transistor is shown in Fig. 3a. The upper (depletion-mode) transistor acts as a load “resistor” for the lower (enhancement-mode) transistor, which acts as a switch, turning on (into its resistive region) when the voltage at point A is above threshold to lower the voltage at point B. Adding the output currents of several of these together into the same load resistor gives a NOR gate, a two-input version of which is shown in Fig. 3b; that is, the output is high, with voltage at VDD, if and only if the two inputs are low. Placing the drains of several of the enhancement-mode switches in series yields the NAND gate, a two-input version of which is shown in Fig. 3c; that is, the output is low if and only if both inputs are high. From the circuits of Fig. 3, the most commonly used digital logic circuits can be constructed. Because these circuits are so simple, digital circuits and digital computers are usually designed on the basis of negation logic, that is, with NOR and NAND rather than OR and AND circuits. See Digital computer, Integrated circuits

Digital logic gates and their symbolsDigital logic gates and their symbols

Conversion

Because most signals in the real world are analog but digital computers work on discretizations, it is necessary to convert between digital and analog signals. As mentioned above, this is done through digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters. Most approaches to digital-to-analog conversion use summers, where the voltages representing the digital bits are applied to input resistors, either directly or indirectly through switches gated on by the digital bits which change the input resistance fed by a dc source.

One means of doing analog-to-digital conversion is to use a clocked counter that feeds a digital-to-analog converter, whose output is compared with the analog signal to stop the count when the digital-to-analog output exceeds the analog signal. The counter output is then the analog-to-digital output. The comparator for such an analog-to-digital converter is similar to an open-loop operational amplifier (which changes saturation level when one of the differential input levels crosses the other). Other types of analog-to-digital converters, called flash converters, can do the conversion in a shorter time by use of parallel operations, but they are more expensive.

Other circuits

The field of electronic circuits is very broad and there are a very large number of other circuits besides those discussed above. For example, the differential is a key element in operational amplifier design and in biomedical data acquisition devices which must also be interfaced with specialized electronic sensors. Light-emitting and -detecting diodes allow for signals to be transmitted and received at optical frequencies. Liquid crystals are controlled by electronic circuits and are useful in digital watches, flat-panel color television displays, and electronic shutters. See Biomedical engineering, Light-emitting diode, Optical detectors, Transducer

Design

Because some circuits can be very complicated, and since even the simplest circuits may have complicated behavior, the area of computer-aided design (CAD) of electronic circuits has been extensively developed. A number of circuit simulation programs are available, some of which can be run on personal computers with good results. These programs rely heavily upon good mathematical models of the electronic devices. Fortunately, the area of modeling of electronic devices is well developed, and for many devices there are models that are adequate for most purposes. But new devices are constantly being conceived and fabricated, and in some cases no adequate models for them exist. Thus, many of the commerical programs allow the designer to read in experimentally obtained data for a device from which curve fitting techniques are used to allow an engineer to proceed with the design of circuits incorporating the device. Reproducibility and acceptability of parts with tolerances are required for the commerical use of electronic circuits. Consequently, theories of the reliability of electronic circuits have been developed, and most of the computer-aided design programs allow the designer to specify component tolerances to check out designs over wide ranges of values of the elements. Finally, when electronic circuits are manufactured they can be automatically tested with computer-controlled test equipment. Indeed, an area that will be of increasing importance is design for testability, in which decisions on what to test are made by a computer using knowledge-based routines, including expert systems. Such tests can be carried out automatically with computer-controlled data-acquisition and display systems. See Circuit (electricity), Computer-aided design and manufacturing, Expert systems, Reliability, availability, and maintainability, Robotics

circuit

1. A continuous electrical path, or a system of conductors, through which an electric current is intended to flow. 2. An assembly of pipes and fittings, forming part of a hot-water system, through which water circulates.

circuit

(communications)A communications path in a circuit switching network.

circuit

(electronics)A complete path through which an electriccurrent can flow.

The term is used loosely for any device or subsystem usingelectrical or electronic components. E.g. "That lightningbolt fried the circuits in my GPS receiver". An integrated circuit (IC) contains components built on a Silicon die.

circuit

(1) A set of electronic components that perform a particular function in an electronic system. See hardware circuit.

(2) See communications channel.
See circuit

circuit


circuit

 [ser´kut] the round or course traversed by an electrical current. The circuit is said to be closed when it is continuous, so that the current may pass through it; it is open, broken, or interrupted when it is not continuous and the current cannot pass through it.reentrant circuit (reentry circuit) the circuit formed by the circulating impulse in reentry.

cir·cuit

(ser'kit), The path or course of flow of cases or electric or other currents. [L. circuitus, a going round, fr. circum, around, + eo, pp. itus, to go]

cir·cuit

(sĭr'kŭt) The path or course of flow of electric or other currents. [L. circuitus, a going round, fr. circum, around, + eo, pp. itus, to go]

circuit


Related to circuit: parallel circuit, series circuit

Circuit

A territorial or geographical division of a country or state.

A circuit is the judicial territory over which a court has the jurisdiction to hear cases.

circuit

a periodical journey made to an area by judges. The regularity of the practice led to the administrative divisions of the English court service being described as circuits. The Scottish High Court of Justiciary still sits on circuit around Scotland.
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英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。

　

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更新时间：2025/3/3 23:13:01