Castile
enUKCas·tile
C0147900 (kăs-tēl′)Castile
(kæˈstiːl) orCastilla
Cas•tile
(kæˈstil)n.
| Noun | 1. |  Castile - a region of central Spain; a former kingdom that comprised most of modern Spain and united with Aragon to form Spain in 1479 |
| 单词 | castile | |||
| 释义 | CastileenUKCas·tileC0147900 (kăs-tēl′)Castile(kæˈstiːl) orCastillaCas•tile(kæˈstil)n.
CastileenUKCastile(kăstēl`), Span. Castilla (kästē`lyä), historic region and former kingdom, central and N Spain, traditionally divided into Old Castile and New Castile, and now divided into Castile–La Mancha and Castile and Léon. Castile is generally a vast, sparsely populated region surrounding the highly industrialized Madrid area. It includes most of the high plateau of central Spain, across which rise the rugged Sierra de Guadarrama and the Sierra de Gredos, forming a natural boundary between Old and New Castile. The upper Duero, the Tagus, and Guadiana rivers form the chief valleys etched into the plateau. The soil of Castile, ravaged by centuries of erosion, is poor, and rainfall is sparse.HistoryThe name Castile derives from the many castles built there by the Christian nobles early in the reconquest from the Moors (8th–9th cent.). Old Castile at first was a county of the kingdom of LeónLeón León was first united with Castile in 1037, but complex dynastic rivalries delayed the permanent union of the two realms, which was achieved under Ferdinand III in 1230. The Castilian kings played a leading role in the fight against the Moors, from whom they wrested New Castile. They also had to struggle against the turbulent nobles and were involved in dynastic disputes that plunged the country into civil war (see Alfonso XAlfonso X In 1479, after Isabella I had defeated the dynastic claims of Juana la Beltraneja, a personal union of Castile and Aragón was established under Isabella and her husband, Ferdinand IIFerdinand II With the decline of Catalan and Valencia during that period, Castile became the dominant power in Spain. It was the core of the Spanish monarchy, centralized in Madrid (the capital after the 16th cent.). Its dialect became the standard literary language of Spain, and the character of its people—proud and austere—typifies the Spanish state. Latin America was largely influenced by Castilian culture. Castilea feudal state in the center of the Iberian Peninsula from the 11th through the 15th century. In 932, Castile became a county in the kingdom of Leon. In 1035 it was declared a kingdom, with Burgos as its capital. In subsequent years Castile was united with Leon several times (1037–65, 1072–1157, and 1230). After its reunification with Leon in 1230, Castile became the most powerful state of the Iberian Peninsula. The capital of the united kingdom was the city of Toledo. Castile played a leading role in the Reconquista and extendedits territory to the southern coast of the peninsula during the waragainst the Arabs (conquest of Cádiz in 1262). Castile’s victorieswere consolidated by the large-scale population movement fromthe north to the south in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries. Inorder to induce the peasants to participate in the Reconquista, rural communities were granted the rights of the behetría (freecommunes). The serfs’ personal freedom and right to changefeudal lords was recognized almost universally. The rights andliberties of urban and rural communities were stipulated in fue-ros, or charters. In the mid-13th century, townsmen were repre-sented in the cortes. The attempts of the feudal lords to bind thepeasantry to the land led to several peasant uprisings during the15th century. The dynastic union of Castile and Aragón in 1479marked the beginning of the unification of Spain into a singlestate. S. V. FRIAZINOV Castile, CastillaCastileenUK
Synonyms for Castile
|
|||
| 随便看 |
|
英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。