请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 action
释义

action


action

the process of being active; energetic activity; effect or influence: a man of action
Not to be confused with:auction – a publicly held sale at which goods are sold to the highest bidder: I made the highest bid at the auction.

ac·tion

A0070100 (ăk′shən)n.1. The state or process of acting or doing: The medical team went into action.2. Something that is done or accomplished; a deed. See Usage Note at act.3. Organized activity to accomplish an objective: a problem requiring drastic action.4. The causation of change by the exertion of power or a natural process: the action of waves on a beach; the action of a drug on blood pressure.5. Habitual or vigorous activity; energy: a woman of action.6. often actions Behavior or conduct.7. Law A proceeding brought before a court to obtain relief; a lawsuit.8. a. Armed encounter; combat: missing in action.b. An engagement between troops or ships: fought a rear-guard action.9. The most important or exciting work or activity in a specific field or area: always heads for where the action is.10. a. A movement or a series of movements, as of an actor.b. Manner of movement: a horse with fine action.c. The appearance of animation of a figure in painting or sculpture.11. a. The series of events and episodes that form the plot of a story or play: The action of the novel takes place over 40 years in the South.b. A series or number of fast-moving, exciting, or dangerous events, especially in a movie: liked the film because there was so much action.12. a. The operating parts of a mechanism.b. The manner in which such parts operate.c. The manner in which a musical instrument can be played; playability: a piano with quick action.
ac′tion·less adj.

action

(ˈækʃən) n1. the state or process of doing something or being active; operation2. something done, such as an act or deed3. movement or posture during some physical activity4. activity, force, or energy: a man of action. 5. (usually plural) conduct or behaviour6. (Law) law a. a legal proceeding brought by one party against another, seeking redress of a wrong or recovery of what is due; lawsuitb. the right to bring such a proceeding7. (Mechanical Engineering) the operating mechanism, esp in a piano, gun, watch, etc8. (Instruments) (of a guitar) the distance between the strings and the fingerboard9. (Instruments) (of keyboard instruments) the sensitivity of the keys to touch10. (Mechanical Engineering) the force applied to a body: the reaction is equal and opposite to the action. 11. the way in which something operates or works12. out of action not functioning13. (General Physics) physics a. a property of a system expressed as twice the mean kinetic energy of the system over a given time interval multiplied by the time intervalb. the product of work or energy and time, usually expressed in joule seconds: Planck's constant of action. 14. the events that form the plot of a story, film, play, or other composition15. (Military) military a. a minor engagementb. fighting at sea or on land: he saw action in the war. 16. (Philosophy) philosophy behaviour which is voluntary and explicable in terms of the agent's reasons, as contrasted with that which is coerced or determined causally17. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) Brit short for industrial action18. informal the profits of an enterprise or transaction (esp in the phrase a piece of the action)19. slang the main activity, esp social activityvb (tr) to put into effect; take action concerning: matters decided at the meeting cannot be actioned until the following week. interj (Film) a command given by a film director to indicate that filming is to begin. See also cue18[C14: accioun, ultimately from Latin āctiōn-, stem of āctiō, from agere to do, act]

ac•tion

(ˈæk ʃən)

n. 1. the process or state of acting or functioning; the state of being active: We saw the team in action. 2. something done or performed; act; deed. 3. a consciously willed act or activity. 4. practical, often organized activity undertaken to deal with or accomplish something: a crisis that requires immediate action. 5. actions, habitual or usual acts; conduct. 6. energetic activity: a man of action. 7. an exertion of power or force: the erosive action of wind. 8. effect or influence: the action of morphine. 9. a change in organs, tissues, or cells leading to performance of a function, as in muscular contraction. 10. way or manner of moving: the action of a horse. 11. the mechanism by which something is operated, as that of a gun or a piano. 12. a military encounter, as a battle or skirmish. 13. actual combat with enemy forces. 14. the main subject or story line of a literary or dramatic work. 15. a. an event or series of events that form part of a dramatic plot. b. one of the three dramatic unities. Compare unity (def. 8). c. (used as a command by a motion-picture director to begin the performance of a scene for filming). 16. the gestures or deportment of an actor or speaker. 17. a legal proceeding instituted by one party against another. 18. Slang. a. interesting or exciting activity, sometimes of an illicit nature. b. gambling activity. Idioms: 1. piece of the action, Informal. a share of the proceeds or profits. 2. take action, a. to start doing something. b. to start a legal procedure. [1300–50; < Latin āctiō=ag(ere) to drive, do, act + -tiō -tion] ac′tion•less, adj.

action


Past participle: actioned
Gerund: actioning
Imperative
action
action
Present
I action
you action
he/she/it actions
we action
you action
they action
Preterite
I actioned
you actioned
he/she/it actioned
we actioned
you actioned
they actioned
Present Continuous
I am actioning
you are actioning
he/she/it is actioning
we are actioning
you are actioning
they are actioning
Present Perfect
I have actioned
you have actioned
he/she/it has actioned
we have actioned
you have actioned
they have actioned
Past Continuous
I was actioning
you were actioning
he/she/it was actioning
we were actioning
you were actioning
they were actioning
Past Perfect
I had actioned
you had actioned
he/she/it had actioned
we had actioned
you had actioned
they had actioned
Future
I will action
you will action
he/she/it will action
we will action
you will action
they will action
Future Perfect
I will have actioned
you will have actioned
he/she/it will have actioned
we will have actioned
you will have actioned
they will have actioned
Future Continuous
I will be actioning
you will be actioning
he/she/it will be actioning
we will be actioning
you will be actioning
they will be actioning
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been actioning
you have been actioning
he/she/it has been actioning
we have been actioning
you have been actioning
they have been actioning
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been actioning
you will have been actioning
he/she/it will have been actioning
we will have been actioning
you will have been actioning
they will have been actioning
Past Perfect Continuous
I had been actioning
you had been actioning
he/she/it had been actioning
we had been actioning
you had been actioning
they had been actioning
Conditional
I would action
you would action
he/she/it would action
we would action
you would action
they would action
Past Conditional
I would have actioned
you would have actioned
he/she/it would have actioned
we would have actioned
you would have actioned
they would have actioned
Thesaurus
Noun1.action - something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions"human action, human activity, act, deed - something that people do or cause to happenthing - an action; "how could you do such a thing?"benignity, kindness - a kind actaccomplishment, achievement - the action of accomplishing somethingalienation - the action of alienating; the action of causing to become unfriendly; "his behavior alienated the other students"application - the action of putting something into operation; "the application of maximum thrust"; "massage has far-reaching medical applications"; "the application of indexes to tables of data"res gestae - things donecourse of action, course - a mode of action; "if you persist in that course you will surely fail"; "once a nation is embarked on a course of action it becomes extremely difficult for any retraction to take place"interaction - a mutual or reciprocal action; interactingfetch - the action of fetchingplaying - the action of taking part in a game or sport or other recreationswordplay, play - the act using a sword (or other weapon) vigorously and skillfullyarrival - the act of arriving at a certain place; "they awaited her arrival"carrying into action, carrying out, execution, performance - the act of performing; of doing something successfully; using knowledge as distinguished from merely possessing it; "they criticised his performance as mayor"; "experience generally improves performance"selection, choice, option, pick - the act of choosing or selecting; "your choice of colors was unfortunate"; "you can take your pick"change - the action of changing something; "the change of government had no impact on the economy"; "his change on abortion cost him the election"saving, economy - an act of economizing; reduction in cost; "it was a small economy to walk to work every day"; "there was a saving of 50 cents"forbiddance, inhibition, prohibition - the action of prohibiting or inhibiting or forbidding (or an instance thereof); "they were restrained by a prohibition in their charter"; "a medical inhibition of alcoholic beverages"; "he ignored his parents' forbiddance"opposition, resistance - the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with; "he encountered a general feeling of resistance from many citizens"; "despite opposition from the newspapers he went ahead"bruxism - involuntarily or unconsciously clenching or grinding the teeth, typically during sleeptransfusion - the action of pouring a liquid from one vessel to anotherpickings, taking - the act of someone who picks up or takes something; "the pickings were easy"; "clothing could be had for the taking"transgression - the action of going beyond or overstepping some boundary or limitaggression, hostility - violent action that is hostile and usually unprovokeddestabilisation, destabilization - the action of destabilizing; making something less stable (especially of a government or country or economy)employment, engagement - the act of giving someone a jobcivility, politeness - the act of showing regard for othersreverence - an act showing respect (especially a bow or curtsy)consultation, reference - the act of referring or consulting; "reference to an encyclopedia produced the answer"accenting, emphasizing, accentuation - the act of giving special importance or significance to somethingbeatification - the action of rendering supremely blessed and extremely happyjumpstart, jump-start - starting an automobile engine that has a weak battery by means of jumper cables to another car; "my battery was dead so I had to get a jumpstart from my neighbor"stupefaction - the action of stupefying; making dull or lethargic; "the professor was noted for his stupefaction of the students"vampirism - the actions or practices of a vampire
2.action - the state of being activeaction - the state of being active; "his sphere of activity"; "he is out of action"activeness, activitystate - the way something is with respect to its main attributes; "the current state of knowledge"; "his state of health"; "in a weak financial state"agency - the state of being in action or exerting power; "the agency of providence"; "she has free agency"busyness, hum - the state of being or appearing to be actively engaged in an activity; "they manifested all the busyness of a pack of beavers"; "there is a constant hum of military preparation"behaviour, behavior - the action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances; "the behavior of small particles can be studied in experiments"eructation, extravasation, eruption - (of volcanos) pouring out fumes or lava (or a deposit so formed)operation - the state of being in effect or being operative; "that rule is no longer in operation"overdrive - the state of high or excessive activity or productivity or concentration; "Troops are ready to go into overdrive as soon as the signal is given"; "Melissa's brain was in overdrive"play - a state in which action is feasible; "the ball was still in play"; "insiders said the company's stock was in play"swing - a state of steady vigorous action that is characteristic of an activity; "the party went with a swing"; "it took time to get into the swing of things"inaction, inactiveness, inactivity - the state of being inactive
3.action - a military engagementaction - a military engagement; "he saw action in Korea"military actionamphibious landing - a military action of coordinated land, sea, and air forces organized for an invasion; "MacArthur staged a massive amphibious landing behind enemy lines"battle, engagement, fight, conflict - a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war; "Grant won a decisive victory in the battle of Chickamauga"; "he lost his romantic ideas about war when he got into a real engagement"blockade, encirclement - a war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemydefense, defensive measure, defence - (military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies; "they died in the defense of Stalingrad"; "they were developed for the defense program"electronic warfare, EW - military action involving the use of electromagnetic energy to determine or exploit or reduce or prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrumpolice action - a local military action without declaration of war; against violators of international peace and orderresistance - the military action of resisting the enemy's advance; "the enemy offered little resistance"saber rattling, sabre rattling - the ostentatious display of military power (with the implied threat that it might be used)sortie, sally - a military action in which besieged troops burst forth from their positionwar, warfare - the waging of armed conflict against an enemy; "thousands of people were killed in the war"group action - action taken by a group of peoplearmed forces, armed services, military, military machine, war machine - the military forces of a nation; "their military is the largest in the region"; "the military machine is the same one we faced in 1991 but now it is weaker"
4.action - a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings)action - a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings); "the action of natural forces"; "volcanic activity"natural action, natural process, activityphysical process, process - a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states; "events now in process"; "the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls"radiation - the spread of a group of organisms into new habitatsabsorption - (physics) the process in which incident radiated energy is retained without reflection or transmission on passing through a medium; "the absorption of photons by atoms or molecules"acidification - the process of becoming acid or being converted into an acidadiabatic process - (thermodynamics) any process that occurs without gain or loss of heataeration - the process of exposing to air (so as to purify); "the aeration of the soil"antiredeposition - the process of preventing redepositioncapture - any process in which an atomic or nuclear system acquires an additional particlecapture - a process whereby a star or planet holds an object in its gravitational fieldcentrifugation - the process of separating substances of different densities by the use of a centrifugechemical action, chemical change, chemical process - (chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involvedchromatography - a process used for separating mixtures by virtue of differences in absorbencyconcretion - the formation of stonelike objects within a body organ (e.g., the kidneys)condensation - the process of changing from a gaseous to a liquid or solid stateconvection - (meteorology) the vertical movement of heat or other properties by massive motion within the atmosphereclotting, coagulation, curdling - the process of forming semisolid lumps in a liquiddecay - the process of gradually becoming inferiordemagnetisation, demagnetization - the process of removing magnetizationdesorption - changing from an adsorbed state on a surface to a gaseous or liquid statediffusion - (physics) the process in which there is movement of a substance from an area of high concentration of that substance to an area of lower concentrationdissolution, disintegration - separation into component partsdistillation, distillment - the process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vaporsdrift - the gradual departure from an intended course due to external influences (as a ship or plane)effervescence - the process of bubbling as gas escapescataphoresis, dielectrolysis, electrophoresis, ionophoresis - the motion of charged particles in a colloid under the influence of an electric field; particles with a positive charge go to the cathode and negative to the anodeecesis, establishment - (ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitatextinction - the reduction of the intensity of radiation as a consequence of absorption and radiationextraction - the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical meansfeedback - the process in which part of the output of a system is returned to its input in order to regulate its further outputfiltration - the process whereby fluids pass through a filter or a filtering mediumflocculation - the process of flocculating; forming woolly cloudlike aggregationsflow - any uninterrupted stream or dischargeformation - natural process that causes something to form; "the formation of gas in the intestine"; "the formation of crystals"; "the formation of pseudopods"fossilisation, fossilization - the process of fossilizing a plant or animal that existed in some earlier age; the process of being turned to stonegeologic process, geological process - (geology) a natural process whereby geological features are modifiedcuring, solidification, solidifying, hardening, set - the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization; "the hardening of concrete"; "he tested the set of the glue"inactivation - the process of rendering inactive; "the gene inactivation system"; "thermal inactivation of serum samples"ion exchange - a process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble (usually resinous) solid; widely used in industrial processingionisation, ionization - the process of ionizing; the formation of ions by separating atoms or molecules or radicals or by adding or subtracting electrons from atoms by strong electric fields in a gasleach, leaching - the process of leachingmagnetic induction, magnetisation, magnetization - the process that makes a substance magnetic (temporarily or permanently)
5.action - the series of events that form a plot; "his novels always have a lot of action"plot - the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc.; "the characters were well drawn but the plot was banal"
6.action - the trait of being active and energetic and forcefulaction - the trait of being active and energetic and forceful; "a man of action"drive - the trait of being highly motivated; "his drive and energy exhausted his co-workers"
7.action - the operating part that transmits power to a mechanismaction - the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism; "the piano had a very stiff action"action mechanismgun - a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)firing mechanism, gunlock - the action that ignites the charge in a firearmkey - a lever (as in a keyboard) that actuates a mechanism when depressedkeyboard - device consisting of a set of keys on a piano or organ or typewriter or typesetting machine or computer or the likemechanism - device consisting of a piece of machinery; has moving parts that perform some functionmovement - the driving and regulating parts of a mechanism (as of a watch or clock); "it was an expensive watch with a diamond movement"piano action - action consisting of a system of levers that move a felt hammer to strike the strings when a key is depressedpump action, slide action - action mechanism in a modern rifle or shotgun; a back and forward motion of a sliding lever ejects the empty shell case and cocks the firearm and loads a new round
8.action - a judicial proceeding brought by one party against anotheraction - a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrongaction at law, legal actionantitrust case - a legal action brought against parties who are charged with limiting free competition in the market placecivil action - legal action to protect a private civil right or to compel a civil remedy (as distinguished from criminal prosecution)counterclaim - a claim filed in opposition to another claim in a legal actioncustody case - a legal action to determine custody (usually of children following a divorce)lis pendens - a pending lawsuitlegal proceeding, proceeding, proceedings - (law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invokedcriminal prosecution, prosecution - the institution and conduct of legal proceedings against a defendant for criminal behaviortest case, test suit - a representative legal action whose outcome is likely to become a precedentlaw, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"
9.action - an act by a government body or supranational organizationaction - an act by a government body or supranational organization; "recent federal action undermined the segregationist position"; "the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues"; "the Union action of emancipating Southern slaves"group action - action taken by a group of people
10.action - the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field; "the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds"; "gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible"work - activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work"
Verb1.action - institute legal proceedings againstaction - institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against; "He was warned that the district attorney would process him"; "She actioned the company for discrimination"sue, litigate, processchallenge - issue a challenge to; "Fischer challenged Spassky to a match"expedite - process fast and efficiently; "I will try to expedite the matter"litigate - engage in legal proceedings
2.action - put in effectaction - put in effect; "carry out a task"; "execute the decision of the people"; "He actioned the operation"accomplish, carry out, carry through, fulfil, fulfill, executecomplete, finish - come or bring to a finish or an end; "He finished the dishes"; "She completed the requirements for her Master's Degree"; "The fastest runner finished the race in just over 2 hours; others finished in over 4 hours"follow out, follow up, put through, carry out, follow through, implement, go through - pursue to a conclusion or bring to a successful issue; "Did he go through with the treatment?"; "He implemented a new economic plan"; "She followed up his recommendations with a written proposal"get over - to bring (a necessary but unpleasant task) to an end; "Let's get this job over with"; "It's a question of getting over an unpleasant task"run - carry out; "run an errand"consummate - make perfect; bring to perfectionconsummate - fulfill sexually; "consummate a marriage"effect, effectuate, set up - produce; "The scientists set up a shock wave"do, perform - get (something) done; "I did my job"discharge, dispatch, complete - complete or carry out; "discharge one's duties"

action

noun1. deed, move, act, performance, blow, exercise, achievement, stroke, undertaking, exploit, feat, accomplishment, exertion He was the sort of man who didn't like his actions questioned.2. measure, act, step, operation, manoeuvre The government is taking emergency action to deal with the crisis.3. lawsuit, case, cause, trial, suit, argument, proceeding, dispute, contest, prosecution, litigation a libel action brought by one of the country's top bureaucrats4. energy, activity, spirit, force, vitality, vigour, liveliness, vim Hollywood is where the action is now.5. effect, working, work, force, power, process, effort, operation, activity, movement, influence, functioning, motion, exertion Her description of the action of poisons is very accurate.6. battle, war, fight, fighting, conflict, clash, contest, encounter, combat, engagement, hostilities, warfare, fray, skirmish, sortie, affray Ten soldiers were wounded in action.plural noun1. behaviour, ways, bearing, conduct, manners, manner, demeanour, deportment, comportment He showed no remorse for his actions.Quotations
"An ounce of action is worth a ton of theory" [Friedrich Engels]
Proverbs
"Actions speak louder than words"

action

noun1. The process of doing:act.2. Something done:act, deed, doing, thing, work.3. The manner in which one behaves.Often used in plural:behavior, comportment, conduct, deportment, way.4. A legal proceeding to demand justice or enforce a right:case, cause, instance, lawsuit, suit.5. A hostile encounter between opposing military forces:battle, combat, engagement.
Translations
行动诉讼情节战斗活动

action

(ˈӕkʃən) noun1. something done. Action, not talking, is necessary if we are to defeat the enemy; Take action immediately; The firemen are ready to go into action. 行動 行动2. movement. Tennis needs a good wrist action. 活動力 活动3. a legal case. He brought an action for divorce against his wife. 訴訟 诉讼4. the events (of a play, film etc). The action of the play takes place on an island. 情節 情节5. a battle; fighting. He was killed in action; Our troops fought an action against the enemy. 軍事行動 战斗in action working. Is your machine still in action? 運轉 运转out of action not working. My car's out of action this week. 故障 有故障

action

行动zhCN

action


action

1. n. excitement; activity in general; whatever is happening. This place is dull. I want some action! 2. n. a share of something; a share of the winnings or of the booty. (see also piece (of the action).) I did my share of the work, and I want my share of the action. 3. n. sex; copulation. All those guys are just trying for a little action. 4. n. illegal activity; commerce in drugs; acts of crime. (Underworld.) Things have been a little slow here, but there’s some action on the East Coast.
See:
  • a bit of the action
  • a course of action
  • a man/woman/person of action
  • a piece of the action
  • a piece/slice of the action
  • abortive action
  • action
  • action stations
  • Actions speak louder than words
  • affirmative action
  • all talk (and no action)
  • be all talk (and no action)
  • be out of action
  • bit of the action
  • bring (someone or something) into action
  • bring into action
  • chill (one's) action
  • chill action
  • chill someone’s action
  • course of action
  • fight a rearguard action
  • galvanize (one) into action
  • galvanize into action
  • get some action
  • go into action
  • in action
  • man of action
  • out of action
  • piece
  • piece of the action
  • piece of the action, a
  • put (something) into action
  • slice of the action
  • spring into action
  • spring to/into life/action
  • suit (one's) actions to (one's) words
  • suit actions to words
  • suit the action to the word
  • swing into action
  • take action
  • take action against
  • take action against (someone or something)
  • take action on
  • take action on (someone or something)
  • where it's at
  • where the action is

action


action,

in law: see procedureprocedure,
in law, the rules that govern the obtaining of legal redress. This article deals only with civil procedure in Anglo-American law (for criminal procedure, see criminal law).
..... Click the link for more information.
.

Action

Any one of a number of related integral quantities which serve as the basis for general formulations of the dynamics of both classical and quantum-mechanical systems. The term has been associated with four quantities: the fundamental action S, for general paths of a dynamical system; the classical action SC, for the actual path; the modified action S, for paths restricted to a particular energy; and action variables, for periodic motions.

A dynamical system can be described in terms of some number N of coordinate degrees of freedom that specify its configuration. As the vector q whose components are the degrees of freedom q1, q2, …, qN varies with time t, it traces a path q(t) in an N-dimensional space. The fundamental action S is the integral of the lagrangian of the system taken along any path q(t), actual or virtual, starting from a specified configuration q1 at a specified time t1, and ending similarly at configuration q2 and time t2. The value of this action S[q(t)] depends on the particular path q(t). The actual path qC(t) which is traversed when the system moves according to newtonian classical mechanics gives an extremum value of S, usually a minimum, relative to the other paths. This is Hamilton's least-action principle. The extremum value depends only on the end points and is called the classical action SC(q1, q2; t1, t2).

An important variant of Hamilton's principle applies when the virtual paths q(t) are restricted to motions all of the same energy E, but no longer to a specific time interval, t1 - t2. The modified action S = S - E(t1 - t2) obeys a modified least-action principle, usually called Maupertuis' principle, namely, that the classical path gives again an extremal value of S relative to all paths of that energy. Maupertuis' principle is closely related to Fermat's principle of least time in classical optics for the path of light rays of a definite frequency through a region of inhomogeneous refractive index. See Hamilton's principle, Minimal principles

In quantum mechanics, as originally formulated by E. Schrödinger, the state of particles is described by wave functions which obey the Schrödinger wave equation. States of definite energy in, say, atoms are described by stationary wave functions, which do not move in space. Nonstationary wave functions describe transitory processes such as the scattering of particles, in which the state changes. Both stationary and nonstationary state wave functions are determined, in principle, once the Schrödinger wave propagator (also called the Green function) between any two points q1 and q2 is known. In a fundamental restatement of quantum mechanics, R. Feynman showed that all paths from q1 to q2, including the virtual paths, contribute to the wave propagator. Each path contributes a complex phase-term exp i (&phgr;[q(t)]), where the phase &phgr; is proportional to the action for that path. The resulting sum over paths, appropriately defined, is the path integral (or functional integral) representation of the Schrödinger wave propagator. The path integral has become the general starting point for most formulations of quantum theories of particles and fields. The classical path qC(t) of least action now plays the role in the wave function as being the path of stationary phase. See Propagator (field theory)

action

  1. any unit or sequence of social activity or behaviour, e.g. the action of a trade union or state, as well as the action of an individual.
  2. (in contrast with BEHAVIOUR; see also BEHAVIOURISM) any unit or sequence of individual social activity which is intentional or purposive and involves conscious deliberation rather than merely being the result of a biological reflex.
For Weber, meaningful social action consists of any course of action in which subjective meaning guides the action and where this action is oriented towards others. For a symbolic interactionist, such as BLUMER (1969), that actors act, rather than merely react, is a decisive feature of human action (see ACTION THEORY, SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM, MEAD). See also TYPES OF SOCIAL ACTION.

Sociologists are divided as to whether social reality is better explained with reference to individual purposive action (see ACTION THEORY, AGENCY, METHODOLOGICAL INDIVIDUALISM, MEANINGFUL UNDERSTANDING AND EXPLANATION) or as the outcome of SOCIAL STRUCTURE (see also STRUCTURALISM). There are also those sociologists (see SOCIAL PHENOMENOLOGY, ETHNOMETHODOLOGY, SCHUTZ, GARFINKEL) who argue that action theorists as well as structuralists have failed to show how actors' meanings are actually constituted.

The debate about social action in these terms is one of the most central in modern sociological theory. Various attempts have been made to reconcile action theory and structuralist perspectives (see PARSONS, STRUCTURATION THEORY, STRUCTURE AND AGENCY, GIDDENS). While no consensus exists that these attempts are entirely successful, there is an increasing recognition that sociological explanations must include reference to both action and structure (see DUALITY OF STRUCTURE).

Action

 

in the theater, an important means of expression in the actor’s art. A role is realized through the actions of a performer in a play, concert, or rehearsal; these actions reveal the goal and consequently the inner world of the character being portrayed. An important element in the art of the actor is the verbal action (dramatic speech) that is directed toward the audience and the other actors.

action

[′ak·shən] (mechanics) An integral associated with the trajectory of a system in configuration space, equal to the sum of the integrals of the generalized momenta of the system over their canonically conjugate coordinates. Also known as phase integral. (ordnance) The mechanism of a gun, usually breechloading, by which it is loaded, fired, and unloaded.

action

1. Lawa. a legal proceeding brought by one party against another, seeking redress of a wrong or recovery of what is due; lawsuit b. the right to bring such a proceeding 2. the operating mechanism, esp in a piano, gun, watch, etc. 3. (of a guitar) the distance between the strings and the fingerboard 4. (of keyboard instruments) the sensitivity of the keys to touch 5. the force applied to a body 6. Physicsa. a property of a system expressed as twice the mean kinetic energy of the system over a given time interval multiplied by the time interval b. the product of work or energy and time, usually expressed in joule seconds 7. Philosophy behaviour which is voluntary and explicable in terms of the agent's reasons, as contrasted with that which is coerced or determined causally

action


action

 [ak´shun] the accomplishment of an effect, whether mechanical or chemical, or the effect so produced.cumulative action the sudden and markedly increased action of a drug after administration of several doses.independent nursing action nursing care that can be provided without the direction of other health care providers.medication action/side effects in the omaha system, information regarding the purposes and positive or negative consequences of therapeutic drugs.reflex action an involuntary response to a stimulus conveyed to the nervous system and reflected to the periphery, passing below the level of consciousness; see also reflex.

ac·tion

(ak'shŭn), 1. The performance of any of the vital functions, the manner of such performance, or the result of the same. 2. The exertion of any force or power, physical, chemical, or mental. [L. actio, from ago, pp. actus, to do]

Action

Government See Adverse action, Affirmative action.
MedspeakUS See Hospital disciplinary action.
Physiology A function or movement of substance or body part.

ACTION

Cardiology
(1) A Coronary disease Trial Investigating Outcome with Nifedipine GITS. A trial assessing the effect of a calcium channel blocker (CCB) nifedipine on cardiovascular event-free survival of patients with stable angina and no heart failure.
Logistics
(1) Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial; 6000 patients.
(2) Randomised, single-blind, multicenter, non-US; 360 enrolled—3 arms, 2 different doses of actinomycin D, and uncoated stents.
 
Conclusion
ACTION failed to show any benefit of adding a long-acting CCB to standard therapy for major cardiovascular event-free survival.
 
(2) Actinomycin Eluting Stent Improves Outcomes by Reducing Neointimal Hyperplasia. A trial that assessed the safety and efficacy of the Multilink tetra-D actinomycin-D eluting stent system.
 
Conclusion
Restenosis was increased in actinomycin-eluting stents; while there was no significant increase in MI or death, Guidant cancelled further development of the actinomycin stent.
 
Endocrinology
See ACTION I, ACTION II.

ac·tion

(ak'shŭn) 1. Performance of a function, the manner of such performance, or its result. 2. Exertion of a force or power: physical, chemical, or mental. [L. actio, from ago, pp. actus, to do]

ac·tion

(ak'shŭn) 1. The performance of any of the vital functions; manner or result of such performance. 2. The exertion of any force or power: physical, chemical, or mental. [L. actio, from ago, pp. actus, to do]

Patient discussion about action

Q. is there are actions i should know about how to give the best care and treatment for an autistic child? like a special logistic care , or a special day care and privet assistant... A. being a parent to an autistic child compels you to know more on that condition. about the options and educational techniques and all that. thank god we live in modern days that the information is so accessible.. here is (what i think anyway) the best site about Autism:
http://www.nationalautismassociation.org/index.php
i'm sure you'll find it useful like i did!

Q. How much influence does diet pose when dealing with fibro? What actions have been found to reduce or eliminate A. Of course, you may read more here:
www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/fibromyalgia.html
And if you have any questions you may consult your doctor.

Q. What actions should i take in order to keep my self in a sharp and restricted fitness control? A. I would try some body weight circuits 3 to 4 times a week.

More discussions about action

action


Action

Conduct; behavior; something done; a series of acts.

A case or lawsuit; a legal and formal demand for enforcement of one's rights against another party asserted in a court of justice.

The term action includes all the proceedings attendant upon a legal demand, its adjudication, and its denial or its enforcement by a court. Specifically, it is the legal proceedings, while a Cause of Action is the underlying right that gives rise to them. In casual conversation, action and cause of action may be used interchangeably, but they are more properly distinguished. At one time, it was more correct to speak of actions at law and of proceedings or suits in Equity. The distinction is rather technical, however, and not significant since the merger of law and equity. The term action is used more often for civil lawsuits than for criminal proceedings.

Parties in an Action

A person must have some sort of legal right before starting an action. That legal right implies a duty owed to one person by another, whether it is a duty to do something or a duty not to do something. When the other person acts wrongfully or fails to act as the law requires, such behavior is a breach, or violation, of that person's legal duty. If that breach causes harm, it is the basis for a cause of action. The injured person may seek redress by starting an action in court.

The person who starts the action is the plaintiff, and the person sued is the defendant. They are the parties in the action. Frequently, there are multiple parties on a side. The defendant may assert a defense which, if true, will defeat the plaintiff's claim. A counterclaim may be made by the defendant against the plaintiff or a cross-claim against another party on the same side of the lawsuit. The law may permit Joinder of two or more claims, such as an action for property damage and an action for personal injuries, after one auto accident; or it may require consolidation of actions by an order of the court. Where prejudice or injustice is likely to result, the court may order a severance of actions into different lawsuits for different parties.

Commencement of an Action

The time when an action may begin depends on the kind of action involved. A plaintiff cannot start a lawsuit until the cause of action has accrued. For example, a man who wants to use a parcel of land for a store where only houses are allowed must begin by applying for a variance from the local Zoning board. He cannot bypass the board and start an action in court. His right to sue does not Accrue until the board turns down his request.

Neither can a person begin an action after the time allowed by law. Most causes of action are covered by a Statute of Limitations, which specifically limits the time within which to begin the action. If the law in a particular state says that an action for libel cannot be brought more than one year after publication of a defamatory statement, then those actions must be initiated within that statutory period. Where there is no statute that limits the time to commence a particular action, a court may nevertheless dismiss the case if the claim is stale and if litigation at that point would not be fair.

A plaintiff must first select the right court, then an action can be commenced by delivery of the formal legal papers to the appropriate person. Statutes that regulate proper procedure for this must be strictly observed. A typical statute specifies that an action may be begun by delivery of a summons, or a writ on the defendant. At one time, common-law actions had to be pleaded according to highly technical Forms of Action, but now it is generally sufficient simply to serve papers that state facts describing a recognized cause of action. If this Service of Process is done properly, the defendant has fair notice of the claim made against him or her and the court acquires jurisdiction over him or her. In some cases, the law requires delivery of the summons or writ to a specified public officer such as a U.S. marshal, who becomes responsible for serving it on the defendant.

Termination of an Action

After an action is commenced, it is said to be pending until termination. While the action is pending, neither party has the right to start another action in a different court over the same dispute or to do any act that would make the court's decision futile.

A lawsuit may be terminated because of dismissal before both sides have fully argued the merits of their cases at trial. It can also be ended because of Compromise and Settlement, after which the plaintiff withdraws his or her action from the court.

Actions are terminated by the entry of final judgments by the courts. A judgment may be based on a jury verdict or it may be a Judgment Notwithstanding the Verdict. Where there has been no jury, judgment is based on the judge's decision. Unless one party is given leave—or permission from the court—to do something that might revive the lawsuit, such as amending an insufficient complaint, the action is at an end when judgment is formally entered on the records of the court.

Cross-references

Civil Procedure.

action

n. a lawsuit in which one party (or parties) sues another. (See: cause of action, lawsuit)

action

a legal proceeding brought by one party against another, seeking redress of a wrong or recovery of what is due; a lawsuit.

ACTION. Conduct, behaviour, something done. Nomen actionis latissime paterevulgo notum est ac comprehenders omnem omnino viventis operationem quaepassioni opponitur. Vinnius, Com. lib. 4, tit. 6. De actionibus.
 2. Human actions have been divided into necessary actions, or those overwhich man has no control; and into free actions, or such as he can controlat his pleasure. As man is responsible only when he exerts his will, it isclear lie can be punished only for the latter.
3. Actions are also divided into positives and negative the former iscalled an act of commission the latter is the omission of something whichought to be done, and is called an act of omission. A man may be responsibleas well for acts of omission, as for acts of commission.
4. Actions are voluntary and involuntary. The former are performedfreely and without constraint - the latter are performed not by choice,against one's will or in a manner independent of the will. In general a manis not responsible for his involuntary actions. Yet it has been ruled thatif a lunatic hurt a man, he shall be answerable in trespass, although, if hekill a man, it is not felony. See Hob. Rep. 134; Popham, 162; Pam. N. P. 68.See also Duress; Will.

ACTION, French com. law. Stock in a company, shares in a corporation.

ACTION, in practice. Actio nihil aliud est, quam jus persequendi in judicioquod sibi debetur. Just. Inst. Lib. 4, tit. 6; Vinnius, Com. Actions aredivided into criminal and civil. Bac. Abr. Actions, A.
2.-1. A criminal action is a prosecution in a court of justice inthe name of the government, against one or more individuals accused of acrime. See 1 Chitly's Cr. Law.
3.-2. A civil action is a legal demand of one's right, or it is theform given by law for the recovery of that which is due. Co. Litt. 285; 3Bl. Com. 116; 9 Bouv. Inst. n. 2639; Domat. Supp. des Lois Civiles, liv. 4,tit. 1, No. 1; Poth. Introd. generale aux Coutumes, 109; 1 Sell. Pr. Introd.s. 4, p. 73. Ersk. Princ. of Scot. Law, B. 41 t. 1. Sec. 1. Till judgmentthe writ is properly called an action, but not after, and therefore, arelease of all actions is regularly no bar of all execution. Co. Litt. 289a; Roll. Ab. 291. They are real, personal and mixed. An action is real orpersonal, according as realty or personalty is recovered; not according tothe nature of the defence. Willes' Rep. 134.
4.-1. Real actions are those brought for the specific recovery oflands, tenements, or hereditaments. Steph. Pl. 3. They are eitherprocedural, when the demandant seeks to recover the property; or possessorywhen he endeavors to obtain the possession. Finch's Law, 257, 8. See Bac.Abr. Actions, A, contra. Real Actions are, 1st. Writs of right; 2dly, Writsof entry, which lie in the per, the per et cui, or the post, upon disseisin,intrusion, or alienation. 3dly. Writs ancestral possessory, as Mort d'ancester, aid, vbesaiel[?], cosinage, or Nuper obiit. Com. Dig. Actions, D2. By these actions formerly all disputes concerning real estate, weredecided; but now they are pretty generally laid aside in practice, uponaccount of the great nicety required in their management, and theinconvenient length of their process; a much more expeditious, method oftrying titles being since introduced by other actions, personal and mixed. 3Bl. Com. 118. See Booth on Real Actions.
5.-2. Personal actions are those brought for the specific recovery ofgoods and chattels; or for damages or other redress for breach of contract,or other injuries, of whatever description; the specific recovery of lands,tenements, and hereditaments only excepted. Steph. Pl. 3; Com. Dig. Actions,D 3; 3 Bouv. Inst. n. 2641. Personal actions arise either upon contracts, orfor wrongs independently of contracts. The former are account, assumpsit,covenant, debt, and detinue; see these words. In Connecticut and Vermontthere is, an action used which is peculiar to those states, called theaction of book debt. 2 Swift's Syst. Ch. 15. The actions for wrongs,injuries, or torts, are trespass on the case, replevin, trespass, trover.See these words, and see Actio personalis moritur cum persona.
6.-3. Mixed actions are such as appertain, in some degree, to boththe former classes, and, therefore, are properly reducible to neither ofthem, being brought for the specific recovery of lands, tenements, orhereditaments, and for damages for injury sustained in respect of suchproperty. Steph. Pl. 3; Co. Litt. 284, b; Com. Dig. Actions, D 4. Everymixed action, properly so called, is also a real action. The action ofejectment is a personal action, and formerly, a count for an assault andbattery might be joined with a count for the recovery of a term of Years inland.
7. Actions are also divided into those which are local and such as aretransitory.
 1. A local action is one in which the venue must still be laid inthe county, in which the cause of action actually arose. The locality ofactions is founded in some cases, on common law principles, in others on thestatute law.
8. Of those which continue local, by the common law, are, 1st, allactions in which the subject or thing to be recovered is in its naturelocal. Of this class are real actions, actions of waste, when brought onthe statute of Gloucester, (6 Edw. I.) to recover with the damages, thelocus in quo or place wasted; and actions of ejectment. Bac. Abr. ActionsLocal, &c. A, a; Com. Dig. Actions, N 1; 7 Co. 2 b; 2 Bl. Rep. 1070. Allthese are local, because they are brought to recover the seisin orpossession of lands or tenements, which are local subjects.
9.-2dly. Various actions which do not seek the direct recovery oflands or tenements, are also local, by the common law; because they ariseout of some local subject, or the violation of some local right or interest.

ACTION, PROHIBITORY, civil law. An action instituted to avoid a sale onaccount of some Vice or defect in the thing sold which readers it eitherabsolutely useless, or its use so inconvenient and, imperfect, that it mustbe, supposed the buyer would not have purchased it, had he known of thevice. Civ. Code of Louis. art. 2496.

See AXN

ACTION


AcronymDefinition
ACTIONAustralian Capital Territory Internal Omnibus Network
ACTIONAdopting Changes to Improve Outcomes Now (addiction treatment campaign)
ACTIONAmerican Council To Improve Our Neighborhoods
ACTIONACH Credit Transactions Initiated Online
ACTIONAny Change Toward Improving One's Nature
ACTIONAcute Coronary Treatment & Intervention Outcomes Network
ACTIONAutomated Compliance Targeting Integrated Online Network
ACTIONAirline and Customer-Related Travel Industry Occupation Network
ACTIONAchievement focus, Customer first, Take responsibility for performance, Inspire high standards, Overcome hurdles and Never accept second best (UK police program)

action


  • all
  • noun
  • verb

Synonyms for action

noun deed

Synonyms

  • deed
  • move
  • act
  • performance
  • blow
  • exercise
  • achievement
  • stroke
  • undertaking
  • exploit
  • feat
  • accomplishment
  • exertion

noun measure

Synonyms

  • measure
  • act
  • step
  • operation
  • manoeuvre

noun lawsuit

Synonyms

  • lawsuit
  • case
  • cause
  • trial
  • suit
  • argument
  • proceeding
  • dispute
  • contest
  • prosecution
  • litigation

noun energy

Synonyms

  • energy
  • activity
  • spirit
  • force
  • vitality
  • vigour
  • liveliness
  • vim

noun effect

Synonyms

  • effect
  • working
  • work
  • force
  • power
  • process
  • effort
  • operation
  • activity
  • movement
  • influence
  • functioning
  • motion
  • exertion

noun battle

Synonyms

  • battle
  • war
  • fight
  • fighting
  • conflict
  • clash
  • contest
  • encounter
  • combat
  • engagement
  • hostilities
  • warfare
  • fray
  • skirmish
  • sortie
  • affray

noun behaviour

Synonyms

  • behaviour
  • ways
  • bearing
  • conduct
  • manners
  • manner
  • demeanour
  • deportment
  • comportment

Synonyms for action

noun the process of doing

Synonyms

  • act

noun something done

Synonyms

  • act
  • deed
  • doing
  • thing
  • work

noun the manner in which one behaves

Synonyms

  • behavior
  • comportment
  • conduct
  • deportment
  • way

noun a legal proceeding to demand justice or enforce a right

Synonyms

  • case
  • cause
  • instance
  • lawsuit
  • suit

noun a hostile encounter between opposing military forces

Synonyms

  • battle
  • combat
  • engagement

Synonyms for action

noun something done (usually as opposed to something said)

Related Words

  • human action
  • human activity
  • act
  • deed
  • thing
  • benignity
  • kindness
  • accomplishment
  • achievement
  • alienation
  • application
  • res gestae
  • course of action
  • course
  • interaction
  • fetch
  • playing
  • swordplay
  • play
  • arrival
  • carrying into action
  • carrying out
  • execution
  • performance
  • selection
  • choice
  • option
  • pick
  • change
  • saving
  • economy
  • forbiddance
  • inhibition
  • prohibition
  • opposition
  • resistance
  • bruxism
  • transfusion
  • pickings
  • taking
  • transgression
  • aggression
  • hostility
  • destabilisation
  • destabilization
  • employment
  • engagement
  • civility
  • politeness
  • reverence
  • consultation
  • reference
  • accenting
  • emphasizing
  • accentuation
  • beatification
  • jumpstart
  • jump-start
  • stupefaction
  • vampirism

noun the state of being active

Synonyms

  • activeness
  • activity

Related Words

  • state
  • agency
  • busyness
  • hum
  • behaviour
  • behavior
  • eructation
  • extravasation
  • eruption
  • operation
  • overdrive
  • play
  • swing

Antonyms

  • inaction
  • inactiveness
  • inactivity

noun a military engagement

Synonyms

  • military action

Related Words

  • amphibious landing
  • battle
  • engagement
  • fight
  • conflict
  • blockade
  • encirclement
  • defense
  • defensive measure
  • defence
  • electronic warfare
  • EW
  • police action
  • resistance
  • saber rattling
  • sabre rattling
  • sortie
  • sally
  • war
  • warfare
  • group action
  • armed forces
  • armed services
  • military
  • military machine
  • war machine

noun a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings)

Synonyms

  • natural action
  • natural process
  • activity

Related Words

  • physical process
  • process
  • radiation
  • absorption
  • acidification
  • adiabatic process
  • aeration
  • antiredeposition
  • capture
  • centrifugation
  • chemical action
  • chemical change
  • chemical process
  • chromatography
  • concretion
  • condensation
  • convection
  • clotting
  • coagulation
  • curdling
  • decay
  • demagnetisation
  • demagnetization
  • desorption
  • diffusion
  • dissolution
  • disintegration
  • distillation
  • distillment
  • drift
  • effervescence
  • cataphoresis
  • dielectrolysis
  • electrophoresis
  • ionophoresis
  • ecesis
  • establishment
  • extinction
  • extraction
  • feedback
  • filtration
  • flocculation
  • flow
  • formation
  • fossilisation
  • fossilization
  • geologic process
  • geological process
  • curing
  • solidification
  • solidifying
  • hardening
  • set
  • inactivation
  • ion exchange
  • ionisation
  • ionization
  • leach
  • leaching
  • magnetic induction
  • magnetisation
  • magnetization
  • materialisation
  • materialization
  • nuclear reaction
  • opacification
  • oscillation
  • oxygenation
  • pair creation
  • pair formation
  • pair production
  • phase change
  • phase transition
  • physical change
  • state change
  • precession of the equinoxes
  • release
  • saltation
  • scattering
  • sericulture
  • sink
  • soak
  • soakage
  • soaking
  • softening
  • sorption
  • source
  • rigidification
  • rigidifying
  • stiffening
  • stimulation
  • ecological succession
  • succession
  • natural selection
  • survival of the fittest
  • survival
  • selection
  • synergism
  • synergy
  • temperature change
  • transduction
  • transpiration
  • vitrification

noun the series of events that form a plot

Related Words

  • plot

noun the trait of being active and energetic and forceful

Related Words

  • drive

noun the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism

Synonyms

  • action mechanism

Related Words

  • gun
  • firing mechanism
  • gunlock
  • key
  • keyboard
  • mechanism
  • movement
  • piano action
  • pump action
  • slide action

noun a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another

Synonyms

  • action at law
  • legal action

Related Words

  • antitrust case
  • civil action
  • counterclaim
  • custody case
  • lis pendens
  • legal proceeding
  • proceeding
  • proceedings
  • criminal prosecution
  • prosecution
  • test case
  • test suit
  • law
  • jurisprudence

noun an act by a government body or supranational organization

Related Words

  • group action

noun the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field

Related Words

  • work

verb institute legal proceedings against

Synonyms

  • sue
  • litigate
  • process

Related Words

  • challenge
  • expedite
  • litigate

verb put in effect

Synonyms

  • accomplish
  • carry out
  • carry through
  • fulfil
  • fulfill
  • execute

Related Words

  • complete
  • finish
  • follow out
  • follow up
  • put through
  • carry out
  • follow through
  • implement
  • go through
  • get over
  • run
  • consummate
  • effect
  • effectuate
  • set up
  • do
  • perform
  • discharge
  • dispatch
随便看

 

英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/11/11 19:07:36