Cleveland, Horace, W. S.

Cleveland, Horace, W. S.

(1814–1900) landscape architect; born in Lancaster, Mass. Trained in agriculture, civil engineering, and horticulture, he was an established architect who bid against Frederick Olmsted to design Central Park in 1856. An advocate of open space design to reduce the problems of urbanism, he moved to Chicago in the 1860s, designing parks for newly developing cities and suburbs from Providence, R.I. to Omaha, Nebr. until the late 1890s.