单词 | bta | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 | BTABTA(Business Technology Association, Kansas City, MO, www.bta.org). A membership association of manufacturers, dealers, distributors and service companies in the business equipment and systems industries, founded in 1994. It was a merger of NOMDA (National Office Machine Dealers Association), founded in 1926, with LANDA and AIMED (LAN Dealers Association and Affiliated Independent Mailing Equipment Dealers). Publications, training seminars and annual Business Technology Expos are sponsored by the BTA.BTABTAAbbreviation for:bladder tumour antigen Blood and Transplant Authority (formally, the NHS Blood and Transplant Authority) (Medspeak-UK) botulinum toxin A British Thyroid Association (Medspeak-UK) antigen(ant'i-jen) [ anti- + -gen]Antigens on the body's own cells are called autoantigens. Antigens on all other cells are called foreign antigens. Matching certain types of tissue antigens is important for the success of an organ transplant. Inflammation occurs when neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages encounter an antigen from any source during bodily injury. The antigen may be foreign or an autoantigen that has been damaged and therefore appears to be foreign. Reactions to antigens by T and B cells are part of the specific immune response. See: autoantigen; cytokine; histocompatibility locus antigen. allogeneic antigenalpha-fetoprotein antigenSee: alpha-fetoprotein.Australia antigen, Australian antigenbladder tumor antigenAbbreviation: BTAcancer antigenAbbreviation: CA
carcinoembryonic antigenAbbreviation: CEACD antigenSee: cluster of differentiationclass I antigenclass II antigencross-reacting antigenD antigenH antigenhepatitis antigenhepatitis B core antigenAbbreviation: HBcAghepatitis B e antigenAbbreviation: HBeAghepatitis B surface antigenAbbreviation: HBsAghepatitis C core antigenhistocompatibility locus antigenAbbreviation: HLAThey are derived from genes at seven sites (loci) on chromosome 6, in an area called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC); each histocompatibility antigen is divided into one of two MHC classes. In humans, the proteins created in the MHC are called human leukocyte antigens (HLA) because these markers were originally found on lymphocytes. Each gene in the MHC has several forms or alleles. Therefore, the number of different histocompatibility antigens is very large, necessitating the identification and matching of HLAs in donors and recipients involved in tissue and organ transplantation. (The identification of HLAs is called tissue typing.) The identification of HLA sites on chromosome 6 has enabled researchers to correlate the presence of specific histocompatibility and certain autoimmune diseases (e.g., insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, some forms of myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis). human leukocyte antigenHistocompatibility locus antigen.H-Y antigenK antigenlymphogranuloma venereum antigenmumps skin test antigennuclear antigenO antigenoncofetal antigenonconeural antigenp24 antigenproliferating cell nuclear antigenAbbreviation: PCNAprostate-specific antigenAbbreviation: PSACAUTION!Elevations in PSA levels may prompt invasive testing (such as with biopsies) that may detect indolent cancers as well as aggressive ones. Side effects of prostate biopsy include urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction.protective antigensoluble antigenT-dependent antigenthymus dependent antigenthymus independent antigenT independent antigentransplantation antigentumor-specific antigenbladder tumor antigenAbbreviation: BTABladder Cancer Markers, UrineCommon useSpecimenUrine (5 mL), unpreserved random specimen collected in a clean plastic collection container for NMP22 and Bard BTA; urine (30 mL), first void specimen collected in fixative specific for FISH testing.Normal findingsNMP22: Negative: Less than 6 units/mL, borderline: 6 to 10 units/mL, positive: Greater than 10 units/mL BTA: Negative Cytogenic Marker: Negative DescriptionNMP22: Nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) are involved in the regulation and expression of various genes. The NMP identified as NuMA is abundant in bladder tumor cells. The dying tumor cells release the soluble NMP into the urine. This assay is quantitative. Bladder tumor antigen\\ (BTA): A human complement factor H-related protein (hCFHrp) is thought to be produced by bladder tumor cells as protection from the body’s natural immune response. BTA is released from tumor cells into the urine. This assay is qualitative. This procedure is contraindicated for
Indications
Potential diagnosisIncreased in bladder carcinoma. Critical findings
Interfering factors
Nursing Implications and ProcedurePretest
Intratest
Post-Test
Related Monographs
BTA
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