buffalo

Buf·fa·lo

B0531900 (bŭf′ə-lō′) A city of western New York at the eastern end of Lake Erie on the Canadian border. It is a major Great Lakes port of entry and an important manufacturing and milling center.

Buf′fa·lo′ni·an adj. & n.

buf·fa·lo

B0531900 (bŭf′ə-lō′)n. pl. buffalo or buf·fa·loes or buf·fa·los 1. a. Any of several large African and Asian ruminant mammals of the family Bovidae, such as the water buffalo and the African buffalo.b. The North American bison.c. The flesh of the North American bison, used as food.2. Any of several North American suckers of the genus Ictiobus, having a dark body and an arched back. Also called buffalo fish.tr.v. buf·fa·loed, buf·fa·lo·ing, buf·fa·loes 1. To intimidate or frighten, as by a display of authority: "The board couldn't buffalo the federal courts as it had the Comptroller" (American Banker).2. To confuse or deceive: "Too often ... job seekers have buffaloed lenders as to their competency and training" (H. Jane Lehman).

[Italian bufalo or Portuguese or Spanish búfalo, from Late Latin būfalus, from Latin būbalus, antelope, buffalo, from Greek boubalos, antelope, perhaps from bous, cow; see g^wou- in Indo-European roots.]Word History: When most Americans hear the word buffalo, they probably think of the American bison. In fact, buffalo originally referred to the water buffalo (an animal that was introduced to western Europe from Asia in late antiquity) and other large bovid animals of Eurasia and Africa. The history of buffalo begins with the Greek word boubalos, "antelope." The Romans borrowed this word as būbalus, "antelope." In his work on natural history, however, the Roman author Pliny the Elder notes that the common people used būbalus to refer to the urus, the huge wild ox (now extinct) that once roamed northern Europe, and Pliny considered this to be a mistake. Eventually the Latin word, in its Late Latin form būfalus, became the name for the water buffalo when it was introduced to Europe. Būfalus developed into buffalo in Italian and búfalo in Portuguese and Spanish, and then English borrowed buffalo, with the sense "any of various species of large bovine animals," from one or more of these languages. How did the word buffalo come to be the popular name for the American bison? When the English first began to visit and settle in North America, it is likely that most of them had never seen the European bison, or wisent, the closest relative of the American bison. The wisent had mostly vanished from western Europe in the Middle Ages, the victim of hunting and deforestation. The English were probably much more familiar with domestic water buffalo, and they may even have heard of the urus, and so when they encountered the American bison, many of them called it by the name of the largest bovine animal they had known before, the buffalo. Already in 1625, English writers were using buffalo to describe the bison of America.

buffalo

(ˈbʌfəˌləʊ) n, pl -loes or -lo1. (Animals) Also called: Cape buffalo a member of the cattle tribe, Syncerus caffer, mostly found in game reserves in southern and eastern Africa and having upward-curving horns2. (Animals) short for water buffalo3. (Animals) Also called: bison US and Canadian a member of the cattle tribe, Bison bison, formerly widely distributed over the prairies of W North America but now confined to reserves and parks, with a massive head, shaggy forequarters, and a humped back. vb (tr) 4. (often passive) to confuse5. to intimidate[C16: from Italian bufalo, from Late Latin būfalus, alteration of Latin būbalus; see bubal]

Buffalo

(ˈbʌfəˌləʊ) n (Placename) a port in W New York State, at the E end of Lake Erie. Pop: 285 018 (2003 est)

buf•fa•lo

(ˈbʌf əˌloʊ)

n., pl. -loes, -los, (esp. collectively) -lo, n. 1. any of several large wild oxen of the family Bovidae, as the bison or water buffalo. 2. a buffalofish. v.t. Informal. 3. to puzzle or baffle; confuse. 4. to intimidate by a display of power, importance, etc. adj. 5. patterned in buffalo plaid. [1535–45; < Portuguese bufalo < Late Latin būfalus, variant of Latin būbalus < Greek boúbalos]

Buf•fa•lo

(ˈbʌf əˌloʊ)

n. a port in W New York, on Lake Erie. 310,548.

buffalo

Past participle: buffaloed
Gerund: buffaloing

Imperative
buffalo
buffalo

Present
I buffalo
you buffalo
he/she/it buffalos
we buffalo
you buffalo
they buffalo

Preterite
I buffaloed
you buffaloed
he/she/it buffaloed
we buffaloed
you buffaloed
they buffaloed

Present Continuous
I am buffaloing
you are buffaloing
he/she/it is buffaloing
we are buffaloing
you are buffaloing
they are buffaloing

Present Perfect
I have buffaloed
you have buffaloed
he/she/it has buffaloed
we have buffaloed
you have buffaloed
they have buffaloed

Past Continuous
I was buffaloing
you were buffaloing
he/she/it was buffaloing
we were buffaloing
you were buffaloing
they were buffaloing

Past Perfect
I had buffaloed
you had buffaloed
he/she/it had buffaloed
we had buffaloed
you had buffaloed
they had buffaloed

Future
I will buffalo
you will buffalo
he/she/it will buffalo
we will buffalo
you will buffalo
they will buffalo

Future Perfect
I will have buffaloed
you will have buffaloed
he/she/it will have buffaloed
we will have buffaloed
you will have buffaloed
they will have buffaloed

Future Continuous
I will be buffaloing
you will be buffaloing
he/she/it will be buffaloing
we will be buffaloing
you will be buffaloing
they will be buffaloing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been buffaloing
you have been buffaloing
he/she/it has been buffaloing
we have been buffaloing
you have been buffaloing
they have been buffaloing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been buffaloing
you will have been buffaloing
he/she/it will have been buffaloing
we will have been buffaloing
you will have been buffaloing
they will have been buffaloing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been buffaloing
you had been buffaloing
he/she/it had been buffaloing
we had been buffaloing
you had been buffaloing
they had been buffaloing

Conditional
I would buffalo
you would buffalo
he/she/it would buffalo
we would buffalo
you would buffalo
they would buffalo

Past Conditional
I would have buffaloed
you would have buffaloed
he/she/it would have buffaloed
we would have buffaloed
you would have buffaloed
they would have buffaloed

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	buffalo - large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plainsAmerican bison, American buffalo, Bison bisongenus Bison - sometimes considered a subgenus of genus Bos: American buffalobison - any of several large humped bovids having shaggy manes and large heads and short hornsbuffalo - meat from an American bison
	2.	Buffalo - a city on Lake Erie in western New York (near Niagara Falls)Empire State, New York State, NY, New York - a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies
	3.	buffalo - meat from an American bisonAmerican bison, American buffalo, Bison bison, buffalo - large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plainsgame - the flesh of wild animals that is used for food
	4.	buffalo - any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo; Cape buffaloOld World buffaloBovidae, family Bovidae - true antelopes; cattle; oxen; sheep; goatsbovid - hollow-horned ruminantsAsiatic buffalo, Bubalus bubalis, water buffalo, water ox - an Asian buffalo that is often domesticated for use as a draft animalanoa, Anoa depressicornis, dwarf buffalo - small buffalo of the Celebes having small straight hornsAnoa mindorensis, Bubalus mindorensis, tamarao, tamarau - small buffalo of Mindoro in the PhilippinesCape buffalo, Synercus caffer - large often savage buffalo of southern Africa having upward-curving horns; mostly in game reserves
Verb	1.	buffalo - intimidate or overawecow, overawe - subdue, restrain, or overcome by affecting with a feeling of awe; frighten (as with threats)

buffalo

nounRelated words
collective noun herd

Translations

水牛美洲的野牛非洲水牛和亚洲的水牛

buffalo

(ˈbafələu) – plurals ˈbuffalo ~ˈbuffalo(e)s – noun1. a large kind of ox, especially the Asian and African varieties. （尤指亚洲或非洲的）水牛 2. the American variety of ox; the bison. （美洲的）野牛

buffalo

→ 水牛zhCN

Buffalo

See also: National Parks and Monuments (table)National Parks and Monuments

National Parks
Name Type¹ Location Year authorized Size
acres (hectares)
Description
Acadia NP SE Maine 1919 48,419 (19,603) Mountain and coast scenery.
..... Click the link for more information.

Buffalo,

city (1990 pop. 328,123), seat of Erie co., W N.Y., on Lake Erie and the Niagara and Buffalo rivers; inc. 1832. With more than 37 mi (60 km) of waterfront, it is a major commercial and industrial port and railroad hub. Buffalo is a diversified manufacturing and financial center, with a large health-care industry.

In 1803 a village was laid out on the site by Joseph Ellicott for the Holland Land CompanyHolland Land Company,
Dutch enterprise active in the settlement of much of W New York and some of NW Pennsylvania. Organized by Dutch bankers in 1796, it secured lands in New York (known as the Holland Purchase) from Robert Morris, who had assembled them as part of a gigantic
..... Click the link for more information. . Almost destroyed by fire (1813) in the War of 1812, it recovered slowly until the opening (1825) of the Erie CanalErie Canal,
artificial waterway, c.360 mi (580 km) long; connecting New York City with the Great Lakes via the Hudson River. Locks were built to overcome the 571-ft (174-m) difference between the level of the river and that of Lake Erie.
..... Click the link for more information. , after which it became a major Great Lakes port. The city developed as a flour-milling center and later thrived on steel milling, automobile and locomotive manufacturing, and other heavy industries. These all fell into decline, however, and by the 1980s Buffalo had lost its traditional economic base. The area has since benefited from the free trade agreement (1988) between the United States and Canada, attracting Canadian investment in real estate and manufacturing, but the city's population has continued the decline that began after World War II. By 2003 the decline led to a city financial crisis, and the state established an oversight authority to restore the city to fiscal health.

Buffalo's educational institutions include the State Univ. of New York (the city's largest employer), with campuses at Buffalo and suburban Amherst; Canisius College; and D'Youville College. The Albright-Knox Art Gallery and Buffalo Museum of Science are well known. Notable buildings include the city hall (1932) and the Guaranty Building (1895–96; formerly the Prudential Building), designed by Louis SullivanSullivan, Louis Henry,
1856–1924, American architect, b. Boston, studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the École des Beaux-Arts, Paris. He is of great importance in the evolution of modern architecture in the United States.
..... Click the link for more information. . Buffalo has a music hall and a philharmonic orchestra and a noted park system created by F. L. OlmstedOlmsted, Frederick Law,
1822–1903, American landscape architect and writer, b. Hartford, Conn. Although his Walks and Talks of an American Farmer in England
..... Click the link for more information. . The city is home to the National Hockey League's Sabres, and the National Football League's Buffalo Bills play in nearby Orchard Park. The Peace Bridge (1927) connects Buffalo with Fort Erie, Ont.

Grover ClevelandCleveland, Grover
(Stephen Grover Cleveland), 1837–1908, 22d (1885–89) and 24th (1893–97) President of the United States, b. Caldwell, N.J.; son of a Presbyterian clergyman.
..... Click the link for more information. became mayor of Buffalo in 1882. Here in 1901, at the Pan-American Exposition, President McKinleyMcKinley, William,
1843–1901, 25th president of the United States (1897–1901), b. Niles, Ohio. He was educated at Poland (Ohio) Seminary and Allegheny College. After service in the Union army in the Civil War, he returned to Ohio and became a lawyer at Canton.
..... Click the link for more information. was assassinated; Theodore RooseveltRoosevelt, Theodore,
1858–1919, 26th President of the United States (1901–9), b. New York City. Early Life and Political Posts

Of a prosperous and distinguished family, Theodore Roosevelt was educated by private tutors and traveled widely.
..... Click the link for more information. took the presidential oath in Buffalo. The McKinley monument and the Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site (see National Parks and MonumentsNational Parks and Monuments

National Parks
Name Type¹ Location Year authorized Size
acres (hectares)
Description
Acadia NP SE Maine 1919 48,419 (19,603) Mountain and coast scenery.
..... Click the link for more information. (table)) commemorate the two events. Millard FillmoreFillmore, Millard,
1800–1874, 13th President of the United States (July, 1850–Mar., 1853), b. Locke (now Summer Hill), N.Y. Because he was compelled to work at odd jobs at an early age to earn a living his education was irregular and incomplete.
..... Click the link for more information. 's home was in Buffalo.

buffalo,

name commonly applied to the American bisonbison,
large hoofed mammal, genus Bison, of the cattle family. Bison have short horns and humped, heavily mantled shoulders that slope downward to the hindquarters.
..... Click the link for more information. but correctly restricted to certain related African and Asian mammals of the cattle family. The water buffalo, or Indian buffalo, Bubalus bubalis, is found in S Asia. It is a large, extremely strong, dark gray animal, standing nearly 6 ft (180 cm) at the shoulder and weighing up to 2,000 lb (900 kg). Its widely spread horns curve out and back in a semicircle and may reach a length of 6 ft (180 cm). For many centuries it has been domesticated as a draft animal, but wild forms still exist in Borneo and herds descended from domesticated animals live in a wild state elsewhere. Water buffalo live in swampy areas and near rivers, where they wallow in the mud. Wild water buffalo are extremely fierce and have been known to kill fully grown tigers. The domestic forms are somewhat more docile. They are used throughout S Asia to pull plows and carts; they are of little importance as dairy animals, as their milk is scant. Their diet consists chiefly of grass. The anoa, Anoa depressicornus, also called dwarf buffalo or wood buffalo, is the smallest of the buffalo, standing only 40 in. (100 cm) high at the shoulder; it is found in Sulawesi. Its slightly larger relative, the tamarou, Anoa mindorensis, is found in the Mindoro region of the Philippines. Both are forest dwellers. The large, fierce cape buffalocape buffalo,
species of short-haired African ungulate, or hoofed mammal, Syncerus caffer. The cape, or African, buffalo may reach 7 ft (2.1 m) in length, weigh more than 1,500 lb (670 kg), and reach a height of 5 ft (1.5 m) at the shoulder.
..... Click the link for more information. is found in Africa. Buffalo are classified in the phylum ChordataChordata
, phylum of animals having a notochord, or dorsal stiffening rod, as the chief internal skeletal support at some stage of their development. Most chordates are vertebrates (animals with backbones), but the phylum also includes some small marine invertebrate animals.
..... Click the link for more information. , subphylum Vertebrata, class Mammalia, order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae.

Bibliography

See D. A. Dary, The Buffalo Book (1974).

Buffalo

ruminant mammals of the family Cavicornia of the order Artiodactyla, similar to oxen. Buffalo have a heavy and bulky torso, a short neck, and short strong legs. The head is wide. The forward part of the upper lip is hairless and has on it the bare moist “nose mirror.” The skin on the lower part of the neck and chest on males forms a hanging fold (the so-called dewlap). The tail is long, with a brush of long hair on the end. The females have two pairs of teats. In distinction to oxen, the horns of buffalo have a triangular form in cross section. The hair on buffalo is short and sparse, and toward old age it disappears almost completely. Wild buffalo are found in southern Asia and in Africa (south of the Sahara). The ranges of wild buffalo are varied. They are herd animals, feeding on vegetation. The gestation period is about 12 months. The females bear one calf. There are three genera of buffalo, of which there are four species.

The Indian (water) buffalo, or arna (Bubalus arnee), is also known as the Asiatic buffalo and belongs to the genus Bubalus. It is a large animal, up to 180 cm tall at the withers and weighing up to 1,000 kg. They are distinguished by their extremely long (up to 2 m) horns, which are bent within one plane. Their color is dark, almost black. They live in moist, swampy forests and in undergrowths along river banks and reservoirs. They are found in India, on the Indochinese peninsula, and on the islands of Ceylon and Kalimantan. As a result of intense hunting by man, the wild water buffalo is rare. The second species of this genus, the Philippine buffalo (B. mindorensis) is distinguished by its much smaller size. (Height at the withers is up to 100 cm.) They are distributed only on the island of Mindoro (in the Philippines). They are very close to the Indian buffalo and are sometimes considered a subspecies of them.

One species, the anoa, which lives on the island of Sulawesi, belongs to the genus Anoa.

The African, or cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer), is the only example of the genus Syncerus. The base of the animal’s horns is broad and forms a caplike covering on the upper part of the head. They are widely distributed to the south of the Sahara. There are several geographical races, differentiated by size and coloring of the body. The largest of these buffalo are as large in size as the water buffalo. Formerly they were found in large herds. They are game animals and have been badly hunted out in places, and their numbers are small in a large part of their range. They live in the forest-steppe and on the open plains.

I. I. SOKOLOV

The Indian buffalo has been tamed by man since ancient times. In domesticated form they are distributed in southern Asia, Africa, and southern Europe. In the USSR they are raised in the Azerbaijan, Georgian, and Armenian SSR’s and in the Northern Caucasus. The buffalo are large animals, up to 130 cm high at the withers, 135 cm along the flank, and 190 cm around the chest. Their coat is most frequently black, and occasionally dark brown or dark gray; albinos can be found. The buffalo have a strong, coarse, wiry constitution. The liveweight of bulls is up to 700 kg; of cows, 450 kg (occasionally up to 600 kg); of castrated bulls (kyali), up to 500 kg; and of calves at birth, 30-40 kg. Buffalo are late-maturing animals. The first issue appears at an age of four years, and full development is reached at seven or eight years of age. Buffalo are used in agriculture until they are 20-30 years old, mainly as milk animals, often as draft animals. They are used for breeding until age 15-16. The fertility of cows is to 100 percent, and twins are rare. A technique of artificial insemination has been developed.

Buffalo are basically raised in regions with warm climates near rivers, irrigation canals, and other reservoirs. Buffalo eat coarse plant fodder, which is poorly utilized by other animals. The basic product of buffalo is milk. The yield of cows on kolkhoz and sovkhoz farms is 1,400-1,600 kg of milk, with a record of 3,500 kg. The fat content is 8.0-8.8 percent. Mechanical milking is used in farming. Butter, cheese, and brynza are made from buffalo milk. The meat is used for food; in working animals it is tough, but in calves it is more tender. When fed and fattened on rations with corn silage or sugar beet pulp mixed with concentrates and coarse fodder, buffalo show a weight gain of 750-850 g, and the dressed weight is 45 percent. The skin is tough, heavy (25-50 kg), porous, and thick (0.4-0.9 cm). Buffalo are resistant to haemosporidiosis and malignant anthrax, easily endure foot-and-mouth disease, and the females do not abort during brucellosis. Planned breed work with buffalo is carried on in the Azerbaijan SSR, where the Dashiuzskii Breed Farm has been organized and where kolkhoz breed farms have been created.

REFERENCES

Agabeili, A. A. “Problema razvitiia molochnogo buivolovodstva.” In Trudy nauchnoi sessii Akademii sel’skokhoziaistvennykh nauk Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR. Baku, 1960.
Agabeili, A. A. Buivoly. Moscow, 1967.
Lydekker, R. Wild Oxen, Sheep, and Goats of All Lands, Living and Extinct. London, 1898.
Lydekker, R. “Catalogue of the Ungulate Mammals in the British Museum.” In Natural History, vol. 1. London, 1913.

A. A. AGABEILI

buffalo

[′bəf·ə‚lō] (vertebrate zoology) The common name for several species of artiodactyl mammals in the family Bovidae, including the water buffalo and bison.

buffalo

heraldic symbol of unselfishness. [Heraldry: Halberts, 21]See: Generosity

buffalo

heraldic symbol of power. [Heraldry: Halberts, 21]See: Strength

buffalo

1. a member of the cattle tribe, Syncerus caffer, mostly found in game reserves in southern and eastern Africa and having upward-curving horns 2. short for water buffalo3. US and Canadian a member of the cattle tribe, Bison bison, formerly widely distributed over the prairies of W North America but now confined to reserves and parks, with a massive head, shaggy forequarters, and a humped back

Buffalo

a port in W New York State, at the E end of Lake Erie. Pop.: 285 018 (2003 est.)

buffalo

Buf·fa·lo

buf·fa·lo

buffalo

Buffalo

buf•fa•lo

Buf•fa•lo

buffalo

buffalo

buffalo

buffalo

buffalo

buffaloed

double buffalo

double nickels

buffaloed

double nickels

double buffalo

Buffalo

Buffalo,

buffalo,

Bibliography

Buffalo

REFERENCES

buffalo

buffalo

buffalo

buffalo

Buffalo

BUFFALO

buffalo

Synonyms for buffalo

noun large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains

Synonyms

Related Words

noun a city on Lake Erie in western New York (near Niagara Falls)

Related Words

noun meat from an American bison

Related Words

noun any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo

Synonyms

Related Words

verb intimidate or overawe

Related Words