Eduard Shpolskii
Shpol’skii, Eduard Vladimirovich
Born Sept. 11(23), 1892, in Voronezh; died Aug. 21,1975, in Moscow. Soviet physicist. Doctor of sciences in physics and mathematics (1933); Honored Worker in Science and Technology of the RSFSR (1968).
Shpol’skii graduated from Moscow University. He began his scientific career in 1913 at Shaniavskii University under the supervision of P. P. Lazarev. He was on the staff of the Institute of Physics and Biophysics from 1918 to 1930 and of Moscow State University from 1930 to 1932. In 1932 he became the head of a subdepartment at the V. I. Lenin Moscow State Pedagogical Institute. Shpol’skii was editor in chief of the journal Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk (Advances in Physical Sciences), which he helped found.
Shpol’skii’s main works dealt with spectroscopy and with the use of spectroscopic methods in biophysics and biochemistry. Shpol’skii investigated the absorption spectra and emission spectra of complex organic compounds. In 1952 he discovered the Shpol’skii effect.
Shpol’skii received the State Prize of the USSR in 1970. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and various medals.