| 释义 |
firm
firm 1 F0140900 (fûrm)adj. firm·er, firm·est 1. Resistant to externally applied pressure.2. Marked by or indicating the tone and resiliency of healthy tissue: firm muscles.3. Securely fixed in place: Despite being hit by the car, the post was still firm.4. Indicating or possessed of determination or resolution: a firm voice.5. Constant; steadfast: a firm ally.6. a. Not subject to change; fixed and definite: a firm bargain; a firm offer.b. Unfluctuating; steady: Stock prices are still firm.7. Strong and sure: a firm grasp.tr. & intr.v. firmed, firm·ing, firms To make or become firm. Often used with up.adv. firmer, firmest Without wavering; resolutely: stand firm.
[Middle English ferm, from Old French, from Latin firmus; see dher- in Indo-European roots.]
firm′ly adv.firm′ness n.
firm 2 F0140900 (fûrm)n.1. A business enterprise.2. An unincorporated business, particularly a partnership.3. The name or designation under which a company transacts business.
[Italian firma, from firmare, to ratify by signature, from Medieval Latin firmāre, from Latin, to confirm, from firmus, firm; see dher- in Indo-European roots.]firm (fɜːm) adj1. not soft or yielding to a touch or pressure; rigid; solid2. securely in position; stable or stationary3. definitely established; decided; settled4. enduring or steady; constant5. having determination or strength; resolute6. (Commerce) (of prices, markets, etc) tending to riseadvin a secure, stable, or unyielding manner: he stood firm over his obligation to pay. vb7. (sometimes foll by up) to make or become firm8. (Horse Racing) (intr) horse racing Austral (of a horse) to shorten in odds[C14: from Latin firmus] ˈfirmly adv ˈfirmness n
firm (fɜːm) n1. (Commerce) a business partnership2. (Commerce) any commercial enterprise3. (Medicine) a team of doctors and their assistants4. slang a. a gang of criminalsb. a gang of football hooligans[C16 (in the sense: signature): from Spanish firma signature, title of a partnership or business concern, from firmar to sign, from Latin firmāre to confirm, from firmus firm]firm1 (fɜrm)
adj. and
adv. firm•er, firm•est,
v. adj. 1. not soft or yielding when pressed; comparatively solid, hard, stiff, or rigid: firm ground. 2. securely fixed in place. 3. not shaking or trembling; steady: a firm voice. 4. unyielding to change: a firm belief. 5. indicating firmness or determination: a firm expression. 6. not fluctuating much or falling, as prices, values, etc. v.t., v.i. 7. to make or become firm (often fol. by up). adv. 8. firmly. [1300–50; Middle English ferm < Middle French < Latin firmus] firm′ly, adv. firm′ness, n. firm2 (fɜrm)
n. 1. a commercial company. 2. the title under which associated parties transact business: the firm of Smith & Jones. [1565–75; < Sp firma signature < Latin firmāre to confirm] firm
Past participle: firmed
Gerund: firming
| Present |
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| I firm | | you firm | | he/she/it firms | | we firm | | you firm | | they firm |
| Preterite |
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| I firmed | | you firmed | | he/she/it firmed | | we firmed | | you firmed | | they firmed |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am firming | | you are firming | | he/she/it is firming | | we are firming | | you are firming | | they are firming |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have firmed | | you have firmed | | he/she/it has firmed | | we have firmed | | you have firmed | | they have firmed |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was firming | | you were firming | | he/she/it was firming | | we were firming | | you were firming | | they were firming |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had firmed | | you had firmed | | he/she/it had firmed | | we had firmed | | you had firmed | | they had firmed |
| Future |
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| I will firm | | you will firm | | he/she/it will firm | | we will firm | | you will firm | | they will firm |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have firmed | | you will have firmed | | he/she/it will have firmed | | we will have firmed | | you will have firmed | | they will have firmed |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be firming | | you will be firming | | he/she/it will be firming | | we will be firming | | you will be firming | | they will be firming |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been firming | | you have been firming | | he/she/it has been firming | | we have been firming | | you have been firming | | they have been firming |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been firming | | you will have been firming | | he/she/it will have been firming | | we will have been firming | | you will have been firming | | they will have been firming |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been firming | | you had been firming | | he/she/it had been firming | | we had been firming | | you had been firming | | they had been firming |
| Conditional |
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| I would firm | | you would firm | | he/she/it would firm | | we would firm | | you would firm | | they would firm |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have firmed | | you would have firmed | | he/she/it would have firmed | | we would have firmed | | you would have firmed | | they would have firmed |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  firm - the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments; "he worked for a brokerage house"business firm, housecorp, corporation - a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some statebusiness, business concern, business organisation, business organization, concern - a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it; "he bought his brother's business"; "a small mom-and-pop business"; "a racially integrated business concern"accounting firm - a firm of accountants who provide accounting and auditing services for a feeconsulting company, consulting firm - a firm of experts providing professional advice to an organization for a feepublisher, publishing company, publishing firm, publishing house - a firm in the publishing businessdealer - a firm engaged in tradinglaw firm - a firm of lawyersauction house - a firm that conducts auctions | | Verb | 1. | firm - become taut or tauter; "Your muscles will firm when you exercise regularly"; "the rope tautened"tautentighten - become tight or tighter; "The rope tightened" | | 2. | firm - make taut or tauter; "tauten a rope"tautentighten, fasten - make tight or tighter; "Tighten the wire" | | Adj. | 1. |  firm - marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable; "firm convictions"; "a firm mouth"; "steadfast resolve"; "a man of unbendable perseverence"; "unwavering loyalty"unbendable, unfaltering, unshakable, unwavering, steadfast, steady, stiffresolute - firm in purpose or belief; characterized by firmness and determination; "stood resolute against the enemy"; "faced with a resolute opposition"; "a resolute and unshakeable faith" | | 2. | firm - not soft or yielding to pressure; "a firm mattress"; "the snow was firm underfoot"; "solid ground"solidhard - resisting weight or pressure | | 3. | firm - strong and sure; "a firm grasp"; "gave a strong pull on the rope"strongforceful - characterized by or full of force or strength (often but not necessarily physical); "a forceful speaker"; "a forceful personality"; "forceful measures"; "a forceful plan for peace" | | 4. | firm - not subject to revision or change; "a firm contract"; "a firm offer"settled - established or decided beyond dispute or doubt; "with details of the wedding settled she could now sleep at night" | | 5. | firm - (of especially a person's physical features) not shaking or trembling; "his voice was firm and confident"; "a firm step"steady - not subject to change or variation especially in behavior; "a steady beat"; "a steady job"; "a steady breeze"; "a steady increase"; "a good steady ballplayer" | | 6. |  firm - not liable to fluctuate or especially to fall; "stocks are still firm"unfluctuating, steadystable - resistant to change of position or condition; "a stable ladder"; "a stable peace"; "a stable relationship"; "stable prices" | | 7. | firm - securely established; "holds a firm position as the country's leading poet"secure - free from danger or risk; "secure from harm"; "his fortune was secure"; "made a secure place for himself in his field" | | 8. | firm - possessing the tone and resiliency of healthy tissue; "firm muscles"healthy - having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease; "a rosy healthy baby"; "staying fit and healthy" | | 9. | firm - securely fixed in place; "the post was still firm after being hit by the car"immobile, fastfixed - securely placed or fastened or set; "a fixed piece of wood"; "a fixed resistor" | | 10. |  firm - unwavering in devotion to friend or vow or cause; "a firm ally"; "loyal supporters"; "the true-hearted soldier...of Tippecanoe"- Campaign song for William Henry Harrison; "fast friends"truehearted, loyal, fastfaithful - steadfast in affection or allegiance; "years of faithful service"; "faithful employees"; "we do not doubt that England has a faithful patriot in the Lord Chancellor" | | Adv. | 1. |  firm - with resolute determination; "we firmly believed it"; "you must stand firm"firmly, steadfastly, unwaveringly |
firm1adjective1. hard, solid, compact, dense, set, concentrated, stiff, compacted, rigid, compressed, inflexible, solidified, unyielding, congealed, inelastic, jelled, close-grained, jellified Fruit should be firm and excellent in condition.
hard soft, limp, flabby, flaccid2. secure, strong, fixed, secured, rooted, stable, steady, anchored, braced, robust, cemented, fast, sturdy, embedded, fastened, riveted, taut, stationary, motionless, immovable, unmoving, unshakable, unfluctuating use a firm platform or a sturdy ladder
secure loose, unstable, shaky, insecure, unreliable, flimsy, unsteady3. strong, close, tight, steady The quick handshake was firm and cool.4. strict, unwavering, unswerving, unshakable, constant, stalwart, resolute, inflexible, steadfast, unyielding, immovable, unflinching, unbending, obdurate, unalterable, unfaltering They needed the guiding hand of a firm father figure.5. determined, true, settled, fixed, resolved, strict, definite, set on, adamant, stalwart, staunch, resolute, inflexible, steadfast, unyielding, unwavering, immovable, unflinching, unswerving, unbending, obdurate, unshakable, unalterable, unshaken, unfaltering He held a firm belief in the afterlife.
determined wavering, irresolute, inconstant6. definite, hard, clear, confirmed, settled, fixed, hard-and-fast, cut-and-dried (informal) firm evidence7. close, good, devoted, inseparable, loving, dear, familiar, attached, intimate, confidential They met two years ago and soon became firm friends.firm something up1. tone, shape up, get in shape, get into condition Firm up muscles and tighten the skin.2. confirm, establish, settle, fix, clinch, substantiate The government will firm up their plans for a safer Britain.
firm2noun company, business, concern, association, organization, house, corporation, venture, enterprise, partnership, establishment, undertaking, outfit (informal), consortium, conglomerate The firm's employees were expecting large bonuses.firm 1adjective1. Unyielding to pressure or force:hard, incompressible, solid.2. Firmly settled or positioned:fast, secure, stable, steady, strong, sure.3. Not easily moved or shaken:secure, solid, sound, stable, strong, sturdy, substantial, sure, unshakable.4. Indicating or possessing determination, resolution, or persistence:constant, determined, resolute, steadfast, steady, stiff, tough, unbending, uncompromising, unflinching, unwavering, unyielding.5. Not hesitating or wavering:decided, decisive, determined, resolute.6. Adhering firmly and devotedly, as to a person, a cause, or a duty:allegiant, constant, faithful, fast, liege, loyal, staunch, steadfast, true.7. In a definite and final form; not likely to change:certain, fixed, flat, set.8. Persistently holding to something:clinging, fast, secure, tenacious, tight.
firm 2nounA commercial organization:business, company, concern, corporation, enterprise, establishment, house.Informal: outfit.Translationsfirm1 (fəːm) adjective1. (fixed) strong and steady. a firm handshake. 緊緊的 紧紧的2. decided; not changing one's mind. a firm refusal. 堅決的 坚决的ˈfirmly adverb 堅定地 坚定地
firm2 (fəːm) noun a business company. an engineering firm. 公司 公司firm
stand firmTo remain determined, stalwart, and unyielding, as in one's position or opinion. Though it may be hard, we must stand firm in our pledge to environmental reform.See also: firm, standhold firm1. To remain securely adhered (to something). I didn't think the makeshift weld would do the trick, but I'm happy to say that it's holding firm.2. To remain determined, stalwart, and unyielding, as in one's position or opinion. Though it may be hard, we must hold firm in our pledge to environmental reform.See also: firm, holdfirm hand on the tillerFull control over a situation. I felt comfortable knowing that even during this difficult time, he had a firm hand on the tiller.See also: firm, hand, on, tillerbe a great believer in (something)To have a strong conviction that something (stated after "in") is important or worthwhile. I'm a strong believer in resting on the weekends so that I don't get burned out.See also: believer, greatbe a firm believer in (something)To have a strong conviction that something (stated after "in") is important or worthwhile. I'm a firm believer in resting on the weekends so that I don't get burned out.See also: believer, firmbe on firm groundTo be certain of or comfortable with something. Anna can tutor you—she's on firm ground with diagramming sentences.See also: firm, ground, ontake a firm stand (on or against something)To publicly assert one's opinion or defense of or opposition to something without relenting. I know voicing my opinion on this legislation may put my job in jeopardy, but it's time to take a firm stand against these discriminatory hiring practices. Though an unpopular opinion, the principal took a firm stand on keeping classes separated by gender.See also: firm, stand, taketake a firm line (on or against something)To publicly assert one's opinion or defense of or opposition to something without relenting. I know voicing my opinion on this legislation may put my job in jeopardy, but it's time to take a firm line against these discriminatory hiring practices. Though an unpopular opinion, the principal took a firm line on keeping classes separated by gender.See also: firm, line, takea firm handStrong, unwavering discipline and control. Children need a firm hand growing up—they crave structure and rules, despite their protests to the contrary. With the company's president making a series of brilliant decisions, it seems they finally have a firm hand at the helm.See also: firm, handfirm up1. To cause something to become more physically stable or solid. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "firm" and "up." I think we need to firm up the foundation before the whole thing falls over. Now put the mixture in the fridge so it can firm up.2. To become more physically fit or toned. Yeah, I hired a personal trainer to help me firm up.3. To recover from a problem or decline. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "firm" and "up." It'll take some time for sales to firm up after the economic downturn.4. To solidify a plan or idea and make it more definite. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "firm" and "up." I'll call you tomorrow night to firm up our plans for the weekend, OK?5. To change or add to a monetary offer, in order to make it more desirable. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "firm" and "up." If we firm up our offer, I really do think he'll sign with us.See also: firm, uptake a firm grip on (someone or something)1. Literally, to seize or take hold of someone or something with a very tight grasp. The bouncer took a firm grip on me and led me out of the club. I took a firm grip on the wheel to keep the boat on course during the storm.2. To gain or exercise tight control over someone or something. After her predecessor allowed the company to wallow in mediocrity for nearly 10 years, the new CEO took a firm grip on the business and steered it to unimaginable success. You need to take a firm grip on this new recruit. He's got talent, sure, but he's reckless!See also: firm, grip, on, takehave a firm grip on (someone or something)1. Literally, to be seizing someone or something with a very tight grasp. The bouncer had a firm grip on me as he led me out of the club. I had a firm grip on the wheel to keep the boat on course during the storm.2. To possess tight and complete control over someone or something. Now that I have a firm grip on the business, I can begin steering it to the success I know it can achieve. Heed my warning—you need to have a firm grip on this new recruit. He's got talent, sure, but he's reckless!See also: firm, grip, have, on*firm handFig. [someone's] strong sense of management; a high degree of discipline and direction. (*Typically: exercise ~; have ~; need ~; take ~; use~.) I had to use a firm hand with Perry when he was a child. He had a problem with discipline.See also: firm, handfirm something up 1. Lit. to make something more stable or firm. We need to firm this table up. It is very wobbly. You need to use a whisk to firm up the egg whites. 2. Fig. to make a monetary offer for something more appealing and attractive and therefore more "solid" and likely to be accepted. You will have to firm the offer up with cash today, if you really want the house. Please firm up this offer if you still want the house.See also: firm, upfirm up 1. Lit. to develop better muscle tone; to become less flabby. I need to do some exercises so I can firm up. You really ought to firm up. 2. Fig. to become more stable or viable; to recover from or stop a decline. The economy will probably firm up soon. I hope that cattle prices firm up next spring.See also: firm, upkeep a firm grip on someone or something and keep a tight grip on someone or something 1. Lit. to hold on to someone or something tightly. As they approached the edge, Sally kept a firm grip on little Timmy. She kept a tight grip on him. Keep a firm grip on my hand as we cross the street. 2. Fig. to keep someone or something under firm control. The manager keeps a firm grip on all the employees. I try to keep a firm grip on all the accounts.See also: firm, grip, keep, ontake a firm grip on someone or something 1. Lit. to grasp someone or something tightly. The police officer took a firm grip on Fred and led him to the squad car. Mary took a firm grip on the handle and pulled hard. 2. Fig. to gain control of someone or something. You will have to take a firm grip on Andrew. He has a mind of his own. Someone needs to take a firm grip on this department and get it organized.See also: firm, grip, on, takebe on firm ground be sure of your facts or secure in your position, especially in a discussion.See also: firm, ground, ona firm hand strict discipline or control. Often used in the the fuller form, a firm hand on the reins (or the tiller ), this phrase is employing the image of controlling a horse by using the reins (or a boat using the tiller).See also: firm, handbe a great/firm believer in something believe strongly that something is good, important or valuable: My mother was a great believer in horoscopes all her life. ♢ The boss was a firm believer in developing strong teamwork.See also: believer, firm, great, somethingstand ˈfast/ˈfirm refuse to move back; refuse to change your opinions or behaviour: The management have stood firm against demands for a pay increase. OPPOSITE: shift your ground Fast here means ‘firmly fixed’.See also: fast, firm, standbe on firm ˈground be sure about your beliefs, knowledge, etc.; be confident: I don’t know a lot about physics, I’m afraid. I’m on firmer ground with mathematics, which I studied at university.See also: firm, ground, ona firm ˈhand strong discipline and control: What his son needs, if you ask me, is a firm hand!See also: firm, handhold ˈfirm (to something) (formal) believe something strongly and not change your mind: She held firm to her principles.See also: firm, holdtake a firm ˈline/ˈstand (on/against something) make your beliefs known and try to make others follow them: We need to take a firm line on tobacco advertising. ♢ They took a firm stand against drugs in the school.See also: firm, line, stand, takefirm upv.1. To become firm or firmer: My vacation plans firmed up, so I bought airline tickets.2. To cause something, such as a shape or a plan, to become definite or firm: I want to firm up our vacation plans before I call the travel agent. Let's firm our route up and get on the road.See also: firm, upfirm
firm1 (of prices, markets, etc.) tending to rise
firm21. a business partnership 2. any commercial enterprise 3. a team of doctors and their assistants LegalSeebusinessfirm
FirmRefers to an order to buy or sell that can be executed without confirmation for some fixed period. Also, a synonym for company.Firm1. A company or any other for-profit business.
2. Describing an order to buy or sell a security that may be executed without confirming the order with the person or company making it. Most firm orders have a time limit.firm or company or supplier or enterprise A transformation unit concerned with converting FACTOR INPUTS into higher-valued intermediate and final GOODS or SERVICES. The firm or BUSINESS is the basic producing/supplying unit and is a vital building block in constructing a theory of the market to explain how firms interact and how their pricing and output decisions influence market supply and price (see THEORY OF THE FIRM, THEORY OF MARKETS). The legal form of a firm consists of: - a sole proprietorship: a firm owned and controlled (managed) by a single person, i.e. the type of firm that most closely approximates to that of the ‘firm’ in economic theory.
- a partnership: a firm owned and controlled by two or more persons who are parties to a partnership agreement.
- a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY: a firm that is owned by a group of ordinary shareholders and the capital of which is divided up into a number of SHARES. See COOPERATIVE.
The economic form of a firm consists of: - a horizontal firm: a firm that is engaged in a single productive activity, e.g. motor-car assembly.
- a vertical firm: a firm that undertakes two or more vertically linked productive activities, e.g. the production of car components (clutches, steel body shells) and car assembly.
- a diversified or conglomerate firm: a firm that is engaged in a number of unrelated productive activities, e.g. car assembly and the production of bread.
For purposes of COMPANY LAW and the application of many company taxes and allowances (e.g. CORPORATION TAX and CAPITAL ALLOWANCES), a distinction is made between ‘small and medium-sized’ companies and ‘large’ companies. Small and medium-sized companies are defined as follows (Companies Act, 1995): - annual turnover of less than £11.2 million;
- gross assets of under £5.6 million;
- not more than 250 employees.
In 2004 there were some 3,800,000 firms in the UK, of which 70% were run by the self-employed. Most businesses were small, with around 3,766,000 firms employing fewer than 50 people, 27,200 firms employing between 50 and 249 people, while only 6,900 firms employed more than 250 people. In terms of their contribution to GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP), however, firms employing more than 50 people contributed in excess of 75% of total output. The total stock of firms fluctuates from year to year, depending on the net balance of new start-up businesses and those businesses ceasing trading (see INSOLVENCY). Generally, the total stock of firms increases when the economy is expanding (or as a result of some ‘special’ factor, e.g. the surge in newly established INTERNET businesses) and falls in a recession. A final point to note is that with the increasing globalization of the world economy, MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES are becoming more prevalent in economies such as the UK's (see FOREIGN INVESTMENT for further details). See HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION, VERTICAL INTEGRATION, DIVERSIFICATION, BUSINESS CYCLE. FIRM
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|
| FIRM➣Flood Insurance Rate Map | | FIRM➣Fair Immigration Reform Movement | | FIRM➣Field Inspection Reference Manual | | FIRM➣Fellow of the Institute of Risk Management | | FIRM➣Field Information Reference Manual | | FIRM➣Floating Integrated Rail Mount | | FIRM➣Fleet Intensified Repairable Management | | FIRM➣Fleet Introduction of Replacement Model | | FIRM➣Financial Information for Resources Management | | FIRM➣Fire Support Interim Reassembly Module |
firm
Related to firm: business firmSynonyms for firmadj unyielding to pressure or forceSynonymsadj firmly settled or positionedSynonyms- fast
- secure
- stable
- steady
- strong
- sure
adj not easily moved or shakenSynonyms- secure
- solid
- sound
- stable
- strong
- sturdy
- substantial
- sure
- unshakable
adj indicating or possessing determination, resolution, or persistenceSynonyms- constant
- determined
- resolute
- steadfast
- steady
- stiff
- tough
- unbending
- uncompromising
- unflinching
- unwavering
- unyielding
adj not hesitating or waveringSynonyms- decided
- decisive
- determined
- resolute
adj adhering firmly and devotedly, as to a person, a cause, or a dutySynonyms- allegiant
- constant
- faithful
- fast
- liege
- loyal
- staunch
- steadfast
- true
adj in a definite and final form; not likely to changeSynonymsadj persistently holding to somethingSynonyms- clinging
- fast
- secure
- tenacious
- tight
noun a commercial organizationSynonyms- business
- company
- concern
- corporation
- enterprise
- establishment
- house
- outfit
Synonyms for firmnoun the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishmentsSynonymsRelated Words- corp
- corporation
- business
- business concern
- business organisation
- business organization
- concern
- accounting firm
- consulting company
- consulting firm
- publisher
- publishing company
- publishing firm
- publishing house
- dealer
- law firm
- auction house
verb become taut or tauterSynonymsRelated Wordsverb make taut or tauterSynonymsRelated Wordsadj marked by firm determination or resolutionSynonyms- unbendable
- unfaltering
- unshakable
- unwavering
- steadfast
- steady
- stiff
Related Wordsadj not soft or yielding to pressureSynonymsRelated Wordsadj strong and sureSynonymsRelated Wordsadj not subject to revision or changeRelated Wordsadj (of especially a person's physical features) not shaking or tremblingRelated Wordsadj not liable to fluctuate or especially to fallSynonymsRelated Wordsadj securely establishedRelated Wordsadj possessing the tone and resiliency of healthy tissueRelated Wordsadj securely fixed in placeSynonymsRelated Wordsadj unwavering in devotion to friend or vow or causeSynonymsRelated Wordsadv with resolute determinationSynonyms- firmly
- steadfastly
- unwaveringly
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