| 释义 |
centromere
cen·tro·mere C0204300 (sĕn′trə-mîr′)n. The most condensed and constricted region of a chromosome, to which the spindle fiber is attached during mitosis.
cen′tro·mer′ic (-mĕr′ĭk, -mîr′-) adj.centromere (ˈsɛntrəˌmɪə) n (Genetics) the dense nonstaining region of a chromosome that attaches it to the spindle during mitosis centromeric adjcen•tro•mere (ˈsɛn trəˌmɪər)
n. a structure appearing on the chromosome during mitosis or meiosis, where the chromatids are joined in an X shape. [1920–25] cen`tro•mer′ic (-ˈmɛr ɪk, -ˈmɪər-) adj. cen·tro·mere (sĕn′trə-mîr′) The region of the chromosome to which the spindle fiber is attached during mitosis. The centromere is where the chromatids join together in pairs before separating into individual chromosomes. See more at meiosis, mitosis.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | centromere - a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape; "the centromere is difficult to sequence"kinetochoreanatomical structure, bodily structure, body structure, complex body part, structure - a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing; "he has good bone structure"chromosome - a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order; "humans have 22 chromosome pairs plus two sex chromosomes" |
TranslationsCentromere
centromere[′sen·trə‚mir] (cell and molecular biology) A specialized chromomere to which the spindle fibers are attached during mitosis. Also known as kinetochore; kinomere; primary constriction. Centromere a part of a chromosome that plays a fundamental role in its movement during cell division (mitosis). In the metaphase stage of mitosis, the area of the centromere within the chromosome is less dense than the chromosome’s other areas and forms a primary constriction that divides the chromosome into two sections; the position of this constriction is a basis for the classification of chromosomes. The cytoplasmic filaments (microtubules) of the spindle of cell division are attached to the centromere by their ends. Some organisms, such as members of the genus Luzula and the scorpion, have polycentromeric chromosomes with a diffuse centromere and with the spindle filaments attached to the chromosome along its entire length. With a light microscope a cluster of chromomeres may be seen near the centromere of a chromosome during metaphase. Examination of mammalian cells with an electron microscope reveals a three-layered structure near each of the two longitudinal chromosome filaments, or chromatids. This structure is a kinetochore plate, whose interaction with the spindle filaments results in the even distribution of chromosomes among the daughter cells during cell division. Chromosomal aberrations involving the chromomere hamper the distribution of chromosomal material during mitosis and meiosis and alter the organism’s karyotype. Chromosomes that lack a centromere cannot take part in mitosis. I. I. KIKNADZE centromere
centromere [sen´tro-mēr] the clear constricted portion of the chromosome at which the chromatids are joined and by which the chromosome is attached to the spindle during cell division. adj., adj centromer´ic. Position of the centromere in A, metacentric, B, submetacentric, C, acrocentric, and D, telocentric chromosomes. From Dorland's, 2000.cen·tro·mere (sen'trō-mēr), 1. The nonstaining primary constriction of a chromosome that is the point of attachment of the spindle fiber; provides the mechanism of chromosome movement during cell division; the centromere divides the chromosome into two arms, and its position is constant for a specific chromosome: near one end (acrocentric), near the center (metacentric), or between (submetacentric). [centro- + G. meros, part] centromere (sĕn′trə-mîr′)n. The most condensed and constricted region of a chromosome, to which the spindle fiber is attached during mitosis.
cen′tro·mer′ic (-mĕr′ĭk, -mîr′-) adj.centromere (1) An obsolete term for the neck of the sprematozoon.
(2) Centromere; centromerus [NH3].cen·tro·mere (sen'trō-mēr) The nonstaining primary constriction of a chromosome; the centromere divides the chromosome into two arms and its position is constant for a specific chromosome: near one end (acrocentric), near the center (metacentric), or between (submetacentric). [centro- + G. meros, part]centromere The constriction in a chromosome at which the two identical halves (chromatids) of the newly longitudinally-divided chromosome are joined, and at which the chromosome attaches to the spindle fibre during division (mitosis). The centromere contains no genes.centromere a structure occurring at one point along the length of a CHROMOSOME, often visible under the light microscope as a bump or a constriction whose location can help to identify the chromosome. The centromere contains a complex system of fibres called the kinetochore which becomes duplicated when the chromosomes divide into CHROMATIDS. The kinetochore attaches to SPINDLE microtubules during nuclear division. Damaged chromosomes without centromeres (ACENTRIC CHROMOSOMES) fail to move normally during nuclear division.CentromereThe centromere is the constricted region of a chromosome. It performs certain functions during cell division.Mentioned in: Cri Du Chat Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndromecentromere
Synonyms for centromerenoun a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shapeSynonymsRelated Words- anatomical structure
- bodily structure
- body structure
- complex body part
- structure
- chromosome
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