释义 |
burnout
burn·out B0564900 (bûrn′out′)n.1. A failure in a device attributable to burning, excessive heat, or friction.2. Aerospace a. The termination of rocket or jet-engine operation because of fuel exhaustion or shutoff.b. The point at which this termination occurs.3. a. Physical or emotional exhaustion, especially as a result of long-term stress or dissipation.b. One who is worn out physically or emotionally, as from long-term stress.burn•out (ˈbɜrnˌaʊt) n. 1. the termination of effective combustion in a rocket engine, due to exhaustion of propellant. 2. the breakdown of a lamp, motor, or other electrical device due to heat caused by current flow. 3. fatigue, frustration, or apathy resulting from prolonged stress, overwork, or intense activity. 4. Slang. druggie. [1900–05] burnoutThe point in time or in the missile trajectory when combustion of fuels in the rocket engine is terminated by other than programmed cutoff.Translationsburnout
burn out1. verb To cease burning (as of something that is on fire). Get the birthday girl in here before the candles on her cake burn out! At this point, the firefighters are just going to let the fire burn out.2. verb To stop working properly, often through overheating. In this usage, a reflexive pronoun can be used between "burn" and "out." Unfortunately, I think the motor in your lawn mower has burned out. We have to repair the engine before it burns itself out.3. verb To hollow out by fire, as of a building. The fire completely ravaged and burned out our beloved home.4. verb To force someone to leave a place by setting it on fire. During their attack, the troops burned out everyone in the town.5. verb To overwork or exhaust someone or oneself, especially to the point of no longer being able to maintain a particular level of performance or dedication. In this usage, a reflexive pronoun is often used between "burn" and "out." If you keep staying up so late working on this report, you're going to burn yourself out. Don't burn out your interns by making them come in every day.6. noun One who is apathetic and unmotivated, especially an employee. When used as a noun, the phrase is usually written as one word. We need to hire some hard workers and get rid of these burnouts who collect a paycheck for doing nothing.7. noun, slang A regular drug user or addict who displays the adverse effects of drug use, especially cognitive impairment. When used as a noun, the phrase is usually written as one word. You can't dismiss these students just because they're burnouts—they clearly need help and guidance.See also: burn, outburn (itself) out 1. [for a flame or fire] to run out of fuel and go out. Finally, the fires burned themselves out. The fire finally burned out. 2. [for an electrical or mechanical part] to fail and cease working. The motor finally burned itself out. The light bulb burned out.See also: burn, outburn (oneself) outFig. to do something so long and so intensely that one gets sick and tired of doing it. I burned myself out as a competitive swimmer. I just cannot stand to practice anymore. Tom burned himself out in that boring job.See also: burn, outburn someone outFig. to wear someone out; to make someone ineffective through overuse. (See also someone up">use someone up.) Facing all these problems at once will burn Tom out. The continuous problems burned out the office staff in a few months.See also: burn, outburn something out 1. to burn away the inside of something, getting rid of excess deposits. The mechanic burned the carbon out of the manifold. He burned out all of the carbon deposits. 2. to wear out an electrical or electronic device through overuse. Turn it off. You're going to burn the motor out! He burned out the motor.See also: burn, outburn out1. Stop functioning because something, such as fuel, has been used up. For example, There's nothing wrong with the lamp; the light bulb just burned out. [Late 1300s] 2. be burned out. Lose one's home, place of work, or school as the result of a fire. For example, Hundreds of tenants are burned out every year because of negligent landlords. 3. Also, burn oneself out. Make or become exhausted or disaffected, especially with one's work or schooling. For example, Many young lawyers burn themselves out after a few years of 70-hour weeks. This metaphoric term alludes to a fire going out for lack of new fuel. Robert Southey used it in an 1816 essay: "The spirit of Jacobinism was burnt out in France." [1970s] See also: burn, outburn outv.1. To stop burning from lack of fuel: The candle burned out in a wisp of smoke. The bonfire burned out, and we threw sand on the embers.2. To become inoperative as a result of excess heat or friction: This vacuum cleaner needs to be fixed—I think the motor burned out.3. To destroy some structure completely by fire, so that only the frame is left. Used chiefly in the passive: City hall was burned out in the attack.4. To be compelled or forced to leave some place due to fire. Used chiefly in the passive: The shopkeeper was burned out by arsonists.5. To become exhausted, especially as a result of stress or excessive work: I'm so burned out with work—I could really use a vacation.6. To make someone exhausted as a result of stress or excessive work: Your busy schedule will burn you out if you don't take a break soon. I burned myself out by studying too late into the night.See also: burn, outburnout (ˈbɚnɑʊt)1. n. a person who is ruined by drugs. Two burnouts sat on the school steps and stared at their feet. 2. n. someone no longer effective on the job. We try to find some other employment for the burnouts. burnout
burnout[′bərn‚au̇t] (aerospace engineering) An act or instance of fuel or oxidant depletion or of depletion of both at once. The time at which this depletion occurs. The point on a rocket trajectory at which this depletion occurs. (electricity) Failure of a device due to excessive heat produced by excessive current. (engineering) An instance of a device or a part overheating so as to result in destruction or damage. (graphic arts) A degree of exposure of a diazo-coated material that renders the film incapable of producing density when developed because the photosensitive diazo component has been destroyed. (nucleonics) To receive the greatest amount of radiation permissible during a given time. The point at which the heat flux across a surface causes film-blanketing of the surface, resulting in a drop in the film heat-transfer coefficient, overheating, and possible surface failure. burnout
burnout [bern´out] emotional and physical exhaustion resulting from a combination of exposure to environmental and internal stressors and inadequate coping and adaptive skills. In addition to signs of exhaustion, the person with burnout exhibits an increasingly negative attitude toward his or her job, low self-esteem, and personal devaluation. Strategies for preventing and managing burnout include utilizing assertiveness techniques, improving problem-solving and decision-making skills, clarifying personal values and setting realistic personal goals, learning and using coping mechanisms to deal with emotions, ensuring oneself adequate relaxation and recreation, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and minimizing stressors at work and at home.burn·out (bern'owt), 1. In dentistry, the elimination, by heat, of an invested pattern from a set investment to prepare the mold to receive casting metal. 2. A psychological state of physical and emotional exhaustion thought to be a stress reaction to a reduced ability to meet the demands of one's occupation; symptoms include fatigue, insomnia, impaired work performance, and an increased suscepibility to physical illness and substance abuse. Dentistry A method of preparing a mould to receive casting metal Drug slang A regional term for (1) A heavy abuser of drugs (2) Heavy abuse of drugs per se Gynecology See Cervical burnout Materials science A ‘stress’ pattern seen in solid materials when subjected to red heat Psychiatry A stress reaction developed by persons working in an area of unrelenting occupational stress, resulting in decreased work performance, fatigue, insomnia, depression, increased susceptibility to physical illness, and alcohol or drug abuse for temporary relief Radiation biology Rapid decrease in neutral particle density in a plasma discharge, which occurs when the ionization rate—which converts neutrals to ions and electrons—exceeds the rate of recombination, neutralising ion, and the rate of influx of neutral particles Social medicine Compassion fatigue A feeling of hopeless frustration often accompanied by depression, experienced by workers in certain fields; in the health care field, without an active, self-renewing support group, nurses, and social workers assigned to AIDS units, oncology, and geriatrics—in which one encounters a high volume of dementia, deterioration, and death—drift toward callousness and desire to change fields Sports medicine The state of boredom with exercise often related to overtraining Management Rest, cross-trainingburnout Drug slang 1. A heavy abuser of drugs.2. Street argot for heavy abuse of drugs Gynecology See Cervical burnout Psychiatry A stress reaction developing in persons working in an area of unrelenting occupational demands Clinical ↓ work performance, fatigue, insomnia, depression, ↑ susceptibility to physical illness, reliance on alcohol or other drugs of abuse for temporary relief. See Flight-or-fight response, Old Soldier syndrome. Cf Adaptation response, Alarm stage.o·ver·train·ing syn·drome (ō'vĕr-trān'ing sin'drōm) A group of symptoms resulting from excessive physical training; includes fatigue, poor exercise performance, frequent upper-respiratory tract infections, altered mood, general malaise, weight loss, muscle stiffness and soreness, and loss of interest in high-level training. Synonym(s): burnout, staleness. BurnoutAn emotional condition marked by tiredness, loss of interest, or frustration that interferes with job performance. Burnout is usually regarded as the result of prolonged stress.Mentioned in: Stress Reductionburn·out (bŭrn'owt) In dentistry, the elimination, by heat, of an invested pattern from a set investment to prepare the mold to receive casting metal. Burnout
BurnoutDepletion of a tax shelter's benefits. In the context of mortgage backed securities it refers to the percentage of the pool that has prepaid their mortgage.BurnoutIn a mortgage-backed security, the percentage of mortgages underlying the security that were not re-financed following a drop in interest rates. Historically, a mortgage that is not re-financed is less likely to re-finance at the next drop in interest rates. As a result, potential investors in mortgage-backed securities often look for a high burnout rate because it reduces prepayment risk, or the risk that investors will be deprived of future interest payments because too many mortgages are prepaid.See BO See BOThesaurusSeeburn out |