Barthélemy, François, marquis de

Barthélemy, François, marquis de,

1747?–1830, French statesman. While minister to Switzerland, he negotiated the Treaties of Basel (1795), which took Prussia and Spain out of the French Revolutionary Wars. Elected to the DirectoryDirectory,
group of five men who held the executive power in France according to the constitution of the year III (1795) of the French Revolution. They were chosen by the new legislature, by the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients; each year one director, chosen
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 (1797), he was arrested in the coup of 18 FructidorFructidor
, 12th month of the French Revolutionary calendar. The coup of 18 Fructidor (Sept. 4, 1797), in which General Augereau was a key figure, annulled the previous elections and removed Lazare Carnot and François de Barthélemy from the Directory.
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 (Sept. 4, 1797) and was deported to French Guiana. He soon escaped, returned to France, and supported Napoleon. In 1814 he went over to the Bourbons, who raised him to the peerage.