buyer concentration

buyer concentration

see MARKET CONCENTRATION.

buyer concentration

an element of MARKET STRUCTURE that refers to the number and size distribution of buyers in a market. In most markets, buyers are numerous, each purchasing only a tiny fraction of total supply. In some markets, however, most notably in INTERMEDIATE GOODS industries, a few large buyers purchase a significant proportion of total supply. Such situations are described as OLIGOPSONY, or, in the case of a single buyer, MONOPSONY.

Market theory predicts that MARKET PERFORMANCE will differ according to whether there are many buyers in the market, each accounting for only a minute fraction of total purchases, (PERFECT COMPETITION), or only a few buyers, each accounting for a substantial proportion of total purchases (oligopsony), or a single buyer (monopsony). See COUNTERVAILING POWER, MARKET CONCENTRATION, SELLER CONCENTRATION, BULK-BUYING.