colchicine
enUKcol·chi·cine
C0468700 (kŏl′chĭ-sēn′, kŏl′kĭ-)colchicine
(ˈkɒltʃɪˌsiːn; -sɪn; ˈkɒlkɪ-)col•chi•cine
(ˈkɒl tʃəˌsin, -sɪn, ˈkɒl kə-)n.
| Noun | 1. | colchicine - an analgesic drug derived from the saffron plant and used to treat gout |
n.
colchicine
enUKcolchicine
(kŏl`chəsēn'), alkaloid extracted from plants of the genus Colchicum and especially from the corms of the autumn crocus, Colchicum autumnale (see meadow saffronmeadow saffronor autumn crocus,
perennial garden ornamental (Colchicum autumnale) of the family Liliaceae (lily family). Native to Europe and N Africa, it has escaped from gardens to meadows and fields in some parts of the United States.
..... Click the link for more information. ). The metabolic effect of colchicine is not known, but it is thought that it may decrease production of lactic acid and prevent accumulation of uric acid crystals in the body, making it useful in the treatment of gout. Colchicine and derivatives such as demecolcine inhibit mitosismitosis
, process of nuclear division in a living cell by which the carriers of hereditary information, or the chromosomes, are exactly replicated and the two copies distributed to identical daughter nuclei.
..... Click the link for more information. , or cell division. As a mitotic poison, it inhibits rapidly proliferating cells and has been used in cancer therapy and as an immunosuppressive drugimmunosuppressive drug,
any of a variety of substances used to prevent production of antibodies. They are commonly used to prevent rejection by a recipient's body of an organ transplanted from a donor.
..... Click the link for more information. . Colchicine has also been used to visualize chromosomes photomicrographically and to induce mutations experimentally.
colchicine
[′käl·chə‚sēn]colchicine
enUKcolchicine
[kol´chĭ-sēn]colchicine
Pharmacologic class: Colchicum alkaloid
Therapeutic class: Antigout drug
Pregnancy risk category C
Action
Unclear. Antigout action may occur through white blood cell (WBC) migration and reduced lactic acid production by WBCs. This action in turn decreases uric acid deposition, kinetin formation, and phagocytosis, leading to reduction in inflammatory response.
Availability
Tablets: 0.6 mg
Indications and dosages
➣ Prophylaxis of gout flares
Adults and adolescents age 16 and older: 0.6 mg P.O. daily or b.i.d. Maximum dosage, 1.2 mg/day.
➣ Treatment of gout flares
Adults and adolescents age 16 and older: 1.2 mg P.O. at first sign of a gout flare, followed by 0.6 mg 1 hour later. Wait 12 hours; then resume prophylactic dose.
➣ Familial Mediterranean fever
Adults and adolescents age 12 and older: 1.2 to 2.4 mg P.O. in one or two divided doses. Increase or decrease dosage as indicated and as tolerated in increments of 0.3 mg/day; not to exceed the maximum recommended daily dosage.
Children ages 6 to 12: 0.9 to 1.8 mg P.O. as a single dose or as divided doses b.i.d.
Children ages 4 to 6: 0.3 to 1.8 mg P.O. as a single dose or as divided doses b.i.d.
Dosage adjustment
• Mild hepatic or renal impairment
Off-label uses
• Hepatic cirrhosis
• Chronic progressive multiple sclerosis
• Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with Crohn's disease
• Psoriasis
• Dermatitis herpetiformis
Contraindications
• Hypersensitivity to drug
• Blood dyscrasias
• Serious GI, renal, hepatic, or cardiac disorders
• Concurrent use of P-glycoprotein or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (including all protease inhibitors except fosamprenavir)
Precautions
Use cautiously in:
• renal impairment
• elderly or debilitated patients
• pregnant or breastfeeding patients
• children (safety not established).
Administration
• Give tablets without regard to meals.
• Know that GI reactions may be troublesome in patients with peptic ulcer or irritable bowel.
Adverse reactions
CNS: peripheral neuritis, neuropathy
GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
GU: anuria, hematuria, reversible azoospermia, renal impairment
Hematologic: purpura, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia
Metabolic: vitamin B12 malabsorption
Musculoskeletal: myopathy
Skin: dermatosis, alopecia
Other: hypersensitivity reactions
Interactions
Drug-drug. Cyclosporine: colchicine-induced myopathy
Vitamin B12: reversible vitamin malabsorption
Drug-diagnostic tests. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase: increased levels
Hematocrit, hemoglobin, platelets: decreased values
Urine hemoglobin, urinary red blood cells: false-positive results
Drug-food. Caffeine-containing foods and beverages: decreased colchicine effect
Drug-herbs. Herbal teas, St. John's wort: decreased drug effect
Drug-behaviors. Alcohol use: increased uric acid level
Patient monitoring
See Monitor patient for signs and symptoms of toxicity (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, burning sensation, muscle weakness, oliguria, hematuria, ascending paralysis, delirium, and seizures). Discontinue drug if these occur.
• Monitor CBC and renal function test results regularly.
• Be aware that patient may need opioids to control drug-induced diarrhea (especially if he's receiving maximum colchicine dosage).
Patient teaching
• Tell patient to take tablets with or without food.
• Instruct patient to report rash, sore throat, fever, tiredness, weakness, numbness, or tingling.
See Tell patient to immediately report muscle tremors, weakness, fatigue, bruising, bleeding, yellowing of eyes or skin, pale stools, dark urine, severe vomiting, watery or bloody diarrhea, or abdominal pain.
• Advise patient to increase fluid intake to prevent renal calculi (unless prescriber wants him to restrict fluids).
• Instruct patient to avoid alcohol, herbal teas, and caffeine during therapy.
• As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs, tests, foods, herbs, and behaviors mentioned above.
colchicine
(kol'chi-sin), [USP]colchicine
(kŏl′chĭ-sēn′, kŏl′kĭ-)colchicine
An alkaloid isolated from autumn crocus-Colchicum autumnale used for long term control of gout Mechanism Colchicine blocks mitosis at metaphase by binding to the tubulin heterodimer, interfering with microtubule assembly Indications Management of gouty arthritis; used in research to arrest cells during mitosis–by disrupting the spindle, to visualize chromosomescolchicine
An alkaloid derived from bulbous plants of the genus Colchicum , such as the autumn crocus, used to treat GOUT and to induce chromosome doubling. The drug is on the WHO official list.colchicine
a poisonous alkaloid extracted from the corms of the crocus Colchicum autumnale that acts as a spindle inhibitor during NUCLEAR DIVISION and can thus be used to produce cells with double sets of chromosomes, due to NONDISJUNCTION. Mitosis is halted at the METAPHASE stage of division when the chromosomes are shortest and thickest. Colchicine is used routinely in the preparation of a KARYOTYPE.Colchicine
col·chi·cine
(kol'chi-sin)colchicine
enUK- noun
Words related to colchicine
noun an analgesic drug derived from the saffron plant and used to treat gout
Related Words
- analgesic
- anodyne
- pain pill
- painkiller
- afghan social democratic party
- afghan social outreach program
- afghan special narcotics force
- afghan taliban
- afghan telecommunications regulatory authority
- afghan transitional authority
- afghan transit trade
- afghan transit trade agreement
- afghan uniform police
- afghan wireless communication
- afghan wireless communication company
- afghan women and children fund
- afghan women community
- afghan women empowerment program
- afghan women high association
- afghan women lawyers and professional association
- afghan women resource center
- afghan women's education
- afghan women skill development center
- afghan women's network
- afghan women welfare department
- afghan youth coordination agency
- afghan youth sports exchange
- afghan youth union
- afgi