| 单词 | exchange theory |
| 释义 | exchange theoryexchange theorya theoretical perspective based on SIMMELs insight that ‘all contacts among men rest on the schema of giving and returning the equivalence (BLAU, 1964). The approach also draws upon economics and behavioural psychology, viewing individuals as always seeking to maximize rewards from their interactions with others (see also HOMANS). As a mode of analysis, exchange theory is associated with interesting hypotheses about social behaviour, e.g. Blau's suggestion that people tend to marry partners able to offer equivalent social assets. Critics of the approach, however, regard it as providing a model which is, at best, capable of presenting only a partial account of human social relations. Limitations of the approach suggested are: its tautological assumptions that social relations always involve exchange relations; its failure to deal adequately with such phenomena as traditional action or general values, and the great variety of human emotions. see also RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY. |
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