Egyptian Museum

(also Egyptian National Museum), a museum in Cairo, founded in 1858 by the French scholar and Egyptologist A. Mariette. One of the main centers for the study of ancient Egyptian art, it contains the richest collection of remains of the art and culture of ancient Egypt, including finds from the ruins of the city of Akhetaton and the tomb of the pharaoh Tutankhamen and statues of the pharaohs Khafre and Amenemhet III and the prince Ka’aper. The museum organizes archaeological excavations. Since the end of the 19th century it has published a series of catalogs of the different sections of the collection. From 1858 to 1891 it was known as the Bulaq Museum; from 1891 to 1900, the Gizeh Museum; and since 1900, the Egyptian Museum.