dyspnea
enUKdysp·ne·a
D0447400 (dĭsp-nē′ə)dysp•ne•a
(dɪspˈni ə)n.
dyspnea, dyspnoea
| Noun | 1. | dyspnea - difficult or labored respiration |
| 单词 | dyspnea | |||
| 释义 | dyspneaenUKdysp·ne·aD0447400 (dĭsp-nē′ə)dysp•ne•a(dɪspˈni ə)n. dyspnea, dyspnoea
DyspneaenUKdyspnea[′dis·nē·ə]Dyspneadisruption of the rate and depth of respiration, accompanied by the sensation of shortness of breath. Cardiac patients experience dyspnea both while physically exerting themselves and while subsequently resting in the horizontal position. Their condition is complicated by orthopnea, the inability to breathe except in a sitting position. In patients with cardiac diseases, attacks of severe dyspnea, which usually occur at night, are a symptom of cardiac asthma. In such cases, the dyspnea is inspiratory; that is, the patient finds it difficult to inhale. Expiratory dyspnea, difficulty in exhaling, arises when the lumina of the small bronchi and bronchioles are narrowed, as in bronchial asthma. It also arises when the elasticity of the lung tissue is lost, as in chronic emphysema of the lungs. Cerebral dyspnea is a result of direct irritation of the cerebral respiratory center by such abnormalities as tumors and hemorrhages. dyspneaenUKdyspnea[disp-ne´ah]Dyspnea can be symptomatic of a variety of disorders, both acute and chronic. Acute conditions include acute infections and inflammations of the respiratory tract, obstruction by an inhaled foreign object, anaphylactic swelling of the tracheal and bronchial mucosa, and traumatic injury to the chest. Chronic disorders usually fall into the category of chronic airflow limitation, or are associated with edema" >pulmonary edema and heart failure" >congestive heart failure. A fat embolism resulting from the release of fat particles from bone marrow at the time of a fracture of a long bone also can cause dyspnea. Patient Care. The dyspneic patient has some degree of difficulty in meeting the basic physiologic need for adequate levels of oxygen in the blood and the transportation of that oxygen to all cells of the body. Whatever the cause of dyspnea, the plan of care begins with treating the patient and providing adequate oxygenation. A thorough assessment of the patient's condition is necessary in order to ascertain the extent of the problem and the urgency of the need. A current and past history are obtained and a physical examination completed as soon as possible. If the patient is acutely short of breath, corrective measures should be instituted promptly. In cases of acute respiratory distress, it may be necessary to intubate the patient, begin oxygen therapy, and obtain laboratory arterial blood gas data. If there is airway obstruction, clearing the airway is necessary, or a tracheotomy may be performed. If the patient is suffering from an acute attack of dyspnea and has a history of chronic airflow limitation, certain nursing measures can help relieve anxiety and improve ventilation. The patient should respond favorably to a calm, reassuring manner and an explanation of what is being done to relieve the shortness of breath. High position" >Fowler's position or position" >orthopneic position with the arms resting on pillows on an overbed table will help improve chest expansion. Helping the patient relax muscles not needed for breathing conserves oxygen and promotes rest. If abdominal distention, ascites, or a massive tumor interferes with chest expansion and produces dyspnea, having the patient lie on one side and supporting the abdomen with pillows may provide some relief. Once dyspneic patients are comfortable and less apprehensive, they may need instruction in prolonged, controlled exhalation. If they already know how to do pursed-lip breathing (inhaling slowly through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips), they may need to be reminded of it and encouraged to use it to improve breathing. Special observations and methods of assessment of a patient who has dyspnea include: auscultation of the chest for abnormal breath and voice sounds, lung aeration, rales, and rhonchi; inspection of the chest for respiratory rate and rhythm and for symmetrical expansion; inspection of the skin, lips, and nail beds for cyanosis; and percussion of the chest for abnormal resonance. Results of arterial blood gas analyses should be monitored and the patient observed for fatigability when engaged in various levels of activity. dysp·ne·a(disp-nē'ă), In the diphthong pn, the p is silent only at the beginning of a word. Although dyspne'a is the correct pronunciation, the alternative pronunciation dysp'nea is widespread in the U.S.dyspnea(dĭsp-nē′ə)dyspneaBreathlessness, shortness of breath, SOB Pulmonary medicine Difficult painful breathing, SOB or respiratory distress; dyspnea is subjective, difficult to quantify, and may indicate serious disease of the heart, lungs, or airways. See Nocturnal dyspnea, Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.dysp·ne·a(disp-nē'ă)Synonym(s): dyspnoea. dyspnealaboured breathing, with breathlessness.Dyspneadysp·ne·a(disp-nē'ă) In the diphthong pn, the p is silent only at the beginning of a word.Synonym(s): dyspnoea. Patient discussion about dyspneaQ. can one prevent asthma attack from happening from the moment he/she feels breathless??? Q. Is there a known connection between asthma and cat allergy? I've been with asthma for many years now but usually get several attacks every year and they are caused from being around pine trees or when I'm with a cold- it also affects my breathing. Lately I get serious attacks after being in a house with a cat. I've never knew a cat allergy- I used to pat many and never got breathing difficulties as a result of a touch with them and lately it happends every time. Are cat a known asthma cause? can I do anything to prevent that?Can I maybe overcome it by being next to cats more often and getting myself used to it? dyspneaenUK
Synonyms for dyspnea
|
|||
| 随便看 |
|
英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。