acute lung injury

adult respiratory distress syndrome

A condition due to a diffuse infiltrative process in the lungs, which affects ±150,000/year (US), and is characterised by acute pulmonary oedema and respiratory failure, poor oxygenation, increased functional residual capacity and decreased compliance; ARDS may accompany various medical and surgical conditions, and may be associated with interstitial pneumonitis—usual, desquamative and lymphoid types.

Aetiology
Gram-negative sepsis, pneumonia, shock, gastric acid aspiration, trauma, drug overdose, toxic gas (chlorine, NO2, smoke) exposure, severe metabolic derangement, pancreatitis.

Clinical findings
A 6–24-hour latency period is followed by hypoxia, decreased aeration, dyspnoea, severe SOB and “stiff” lungs—i.e., decreased pulmonary compliance.
Imaging
Extensive, diffuse bilateral fluffy infiltrates.

Management
Nitric oxide (NO), 18 ppm, may reduce mean pulmonary artery pressure; 37 to 30 mm Hg, may reduce intrapulmonary shunting (36% to 31%), increase ratio of partial pressure of arterial O2 to inspired O2 (PaO2/FiO2), an index of arterial oxygenation efficiency (±152 to ±199); other management strategies include PEEP.

Prognosis
The outcome of ARDS is a function of underlying cause.

Mortality
± 60%, the cause of death has shifted from hypoxia to multiple organ failure.

a·cute lung in·ju·ry

(ă-kyūt' lŭng in'jŭr-ē) Any acute decline in lung function of sudden onset, whether traumatic or related to disease state; may be life threatening.

acute lung injury

Abbreviation: ALI.
A clinically severe, sudden decline in lung function, marked by infiltrates in both lung fields and significantly diminished arterial oxygen saturation. There is no evidence that the condition is caused by left-sided heart failure. The disease is similar to adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Like ARDS, ALI may be life threatening. ALI is distinguished from ARDS by the severity of hypoxemia. ALI = PaO₂/FIO₂ ratio of < 300, ARDS = PaO₂/FIO₂ < 200. See also: injury

单词	acute lung injury
释义	DictionarySeeadult respiratory distress syndromeEncyclopediaSeeinjury acute lung injury adult respiratory distress syndrome A condition due to a diffuse infiltrative process in the lungs, which affects ±150,000/year (US), and is characterised by acute pulmonary oedema and respiratory failure, poor oxygenation, increased functional residual capacity and decreased compliance; ARDS may accompany various medical and surgical conditions, and may be associated with interstitial pneumonitis—usual, desquamative and lymphoid types. Aetiology Gram-negative sepsis, pneumonia, shock, gastric acid aspiration, trauma, drug overdose, toxic gas (chlorine, NO2, smoke) exposure, severe metabolic derangement, pancreatitis. Clinical findings A 6–24-hour latency period is followed by hypoxia, decreased aeration, dyspnoea, severe SOB and “stiff” lungs—i.e., decreased pulmonary compliance. Imaging Extensive, diffuse bilateral fluffy infiltrates. Management Nitric oxide (NO), 18 ppm, may reduce mean pulmonary artery pressure; 37 to 30 mm Hg, may reduce intrapulmonary shunting (36% to 31%), increase ratio of partial pressure of arterial O2 to inspired O2 (PaO2/FiO2), an index of arterial oxygenation efficiency (±152 to ±199); other management strategies include PEEP. Prognosis The outcome of ARDS is a function of underlying cause. Mortality ± 60%, the cause of death has shifted from hypoxia to multiple organ failure. a·cute lung in·ju·ry (ă-kyūt' lŭng in'jŭr-ē) Any acute decline in lung function of sudden onset, whether traumatic or related to disease state; may be life threatening. acute lung injury Abbreviation: ALI. A clinically severe, sudden decline in lung function, marked by infiltrates in both lung fields and significantly diminished arterial oxygen saturation. There is no evidence that the condition is caused by left-sided heart failure. The disease is similar to adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Like ARDS, ALI may be life threatening. ALI is distinguished from ARDS by the severity of hypoxemia. ALI = PaO₂/FIO₂ ratio of < 300, ARDS = PaO₂/FIO₂ < 200. See also: injury LegalSeeInjuryAcronymsSeeALI
随便看	recruited me from recruited me into recruited one for recruited one from recruited one into recruited someone for recruited someone from recruited someone into recruited something for recruited something from recruited something into recruited them for recruited them from recruited them into recruited us for recruited us from recruited us into recruited you for recruited you from recruited you into recruiter recruiter academy certified recruiter recruiter assistance program recruiter badge recruiter code identification