Gaucher's disease
Noun | 1. | Gaucher's disease - a rare chronic disorder of lipid metabolism of genetic origin |
单词 | gaucher's disease | |||
释义 | Gaucher's disease
Gaucher's diseaseGaucher's disease(gōshāz`), rare genetic disease involving a deficiency of an enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, which normally breaks down certain body glycolipids (i.e., lipidslipids,a broad class of organic products found in living systems. Most are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents. The definition excludes the mineral oils and other petroleum products obtained from fossil material. ..... Click the link for more information. (fats) that have a sugar molecule attached). There are three types of the disease. In all three types, the enzyme deficiency results in a buildup of the glycolipid glucocerebroside in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen, resulting in anemia and other blood disorders, bone pain and pathologic fractures, and enlarged liver and spleen. In Type II, the central nervous system is also affected. Patients are severely mentally retarded and have difficulty controlling their muscles. The disease progresses quickly from birth and usually is fatal by the age of two. In Type III disease, the course is chronic and central nervous system involvement begins later on. The symptoms are the same as those of Type II. Type I disease occurs most often in Ashkenazi Jews of Eastern European origin, Type III in people of Swedish origin. There is no cure for Gaucher's disease, but in 1991 an enzyme replacement drug, Ceridase, was approved and allowed people with Type I disease (the most common) to live nearly normal lives. Ceridase was extracted from human placental tissue in very small amounts and the supply was limited. In 1994, a genetically engineered version of the drug (Cerezyme) was introduced. Both were developed as orphan drugs and were controversial because of their costliness. Gaucher's disease[gō′shāz di‚zēz]Gaucher's diseaseGaucher's disease[go-shāz´]Gaucher's diseaseA rare hereditary metabolic disease due to an enzyme defect that interferes with the proper function of cell LYSOSOMES. The condition features massive accumulation of materials called glucocerebrosides in the lysosomes. There is great enlargement of the liver and spleen, bone marrow displacement, bleeding tendency, bronzing of the skin, and anaemia. Also known as cerebroside lipidosis. (Philip Charles Ernst Gaucher, 1854–1918, French physician).Gaucher's diseaseGaucher's disease
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