geomagnetism
ge·o·mag·ne·tism
G0093700 (jē′ō-măg′nĭ-tĭz′əm)geomagnetism
(ˌdʒiːəʊˈmæɡnɪˌtɪzəm)ge•o•mag•net•ism
(ˌdʒi oʊˈmæg nɪˌtɪz əm)n.
单词 | geomagnetism |
释义 | geomagnetismge·o·mag·ne·tismG0093700 (jē′ō-măg′nĭ-tĭz′əm)geomagnetism(ˌdʒiːəʊˈmæɡnɪˌtɪzəm)ge•o•mag•net•ism(ˌdʒi oʊˈmæg nɪˌtɪz əm)n. ge·o·mag·ne·tism(jē′ō-măg′nĭ-tĭz′əm)geomagnetismgeomagnetism:see magnetismmagnetism,force of attraction or repulsion between various substances, especially those made of iron and certain other metals; ultimately it is due to the motion of electric charges. ..... Click the link for more information. . geomagnetism(jee-oh-mag -nĕ-tiz-ăm) The Earth's magnetic field (or its study), which at the Earth's surface approximates that of a bar magnet at the center of the Earth with its axis inclined by 11.4° to the Earth's rotation axis and somewhat off-centered: the north magnetic and geographical poles are much closer together than the south poles. Both sets of poles wander in position. The strength of the magnetic field varies from 0.6 gauss near the magnetic poles to 0.3 gauss near the equator, i.e. from 60–30 microtesla, but can depart by up to 20% from the average without any correlation with major surface features. The dipole field changes only slowly with time but there are larger local variations in strength and direction. Violent short-term fluctuations occur during geomagnetic storms. Studies of magnetized rocks show that the entire magnetic field has reversed in direction about twice every million years in the past 165 million years. Complete reversals (i.e. north pole switching from pointing toward geographic north to pointing south, or vice versa) can occur within a few thousand years. The source of the geomagnetic field is believed to lie in a complex dynamo action in the Earth's liquid iron-rich outer core. Convective motion in this rotating electrically conducting fluid, in the presence of a magnetic field, generates electric currents; these in turn induce a magnetic field. Hence the Earth's field has been maintained. The field existed since at least 2.5, probably 3.5, thousand million years ago. See also magnetosphere; ring current.geomagnetism[¦jē·ō′mag·nə‚tiz·əm] |
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