George Cadbury


Cadbury, George,

1839–1922, English manufacturer and social reformer; husband of Elizabeth Mary CadburyCadbury, Dame Elizabeth
, 1858–1951, English social worker and philanthropist, b. Elizabeth Mary Taylor, studied in France and Germany; wife of George Cadbury. She became interested in social service and was active in many organizations working for improvement in
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. In 1861, Cadbury and his brother Richard assumed control of their father's Birmingham cocoa and chocolate factory. Interested in housing problems, the brothers moved (1880) the plant to Bournville and laid out a garden village. The successful venture influenced European model housing and garden citygarden city,
an ideal, self-contained community of predetermined area and population surrounded by a greenbelt. As formulated by Sir Ebenezer Howard, the garden city was intended to bring together the economic and cultural advantages of both city and country living, with land
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 projects. Agitation for national old-age pensions and insurance was financed by Cadbury, who also worked to eliminate harsh labor conditions.