| 释义 |
glutamateenUK
glu·ta·mate G0160050 (glo͞o′tə-māt′)n. A salt or ester of glutamic acid, especially one that functions as a neurotransmitter that excites cells of the central nervous system.
[glutam(ic acid) + -ate.]glutamate (ˈɡluːtəˌmeɪt) n (Chemistry) any salt of glutamic acid, esp its sodium salt. See monosodium glutamate[C19: from glutam(ic acid) + -ate1]glu•ta•mate (ˈglu təˌmeɪt)
n. a salt or ester of glutamic acid. Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | glutamate - a salt or ester of glutamic acidsalt - a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal) |
glutamateenUK
glutamate[′glüd·ə‚māt] (biochemistry) A salt or ester of glutamic acid. glutamateenUK
glutamate [gloo´tah-māt] a salt of glutamic acid; in biochemistry, the term is often used interchangeably with glutamic acid.glu·ta·mate (glū'tă-māt), A salt or ester of glutamic acid.glutamate (glo͞o′tə-māt′)n. A salt or ester of glutamic acid, especially one that functions as a neurotransmitter that excites cells of the central nervous system.glu·ta·mate (glū'tă-māt) A salt or ester of glutamic acid. glutamate A negatively-charged ion derived from GLUTAMIC ACID and an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Glutamate can be used as a marker of progression in stroke; concentrations of glutamate are higher in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with progressive stroke than in those with stable cerebral infarcts. Glutamate, which is produced by neurons deprived of oxygen, prompts the production of highly reactive free radicals that can kill brain cells. There is some evidence that cannabinoids from marijuana can protect against this damage by donating electrons in the manner of the antioxidant vitamins C and E.glutamate the dissociated form of the amino acid GLUTAMIC ACID.cone pedicle The wide synaptic terminal of a cone photoreceptor located in the outer molecular (outer plexiform) layer of the retina. There are deep pits (invaginations) in the base of the terminal that contain the dendrites of bipolar and horizontal cells, often two of the former and one of the latter, in each invagination. The neurotransmitter is glutamate, which is stored in vesicles contained in the terminals, and when the photoreceptors are stimulated by light the release of glutamate is decreased. See cone cell; hyperpolarization; neuro-transmitter.
neurotransmitterA substance stored in the synaptic vesicles that is released when the axon terminal is excited by a nervous impulse. The substance then travels across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit another neuron. This is accomplished by either decreasing the negativity of postsynaptic potentials (excitation), or increasing the negativity of postsynaptic potentials (inhibition). Common neurotransmitters include acetylcholine, dopamine, endorphins, adrenaline (epinephrine), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), amino acids, such as glutamate and glycine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin and substance P. Common neurotransmitters in the retina are glutamate (the primary excitatory neurotransmitter), GABA (inhibitory), glycine (inhibitory), dopamine (excitatory) and acetylcholine (excitatory). See neuron; synapse.
rod spherule The onion-shaped synaptic terminal of a rod photoreceptor located in the outer molecular (plexiform) layer of the retina. There is a deep pit (invagination) in the base of the terminal, which contains the dendrites of bipolar and horizontal cells, often two of each. The neurotransmitter is glutamate, which is stored in vesicles contained in the terminal, and when the photoreceptors are stimulated by light the release of glutamate is decreased. See rod cell; hyperpolarization; neuro-transmitter.AcronymsSeeGLUglutamateenUK
Related to glutamate: glutamine, monosodium glutamate, Glutamate decarboxylase, glutamate synthase, Glutamate excitotoxicityWords related to glutamatenoun a salt or ester of glutamic acidRelated Words |