acute tubulointerstitial nephritis


acute tubulointerstitial nephritis

A condition characterised by tubular damage leading to renal tubular dysfunction, which is generally reversible and is attributed to the regenerative capacity of tubules with preserved basement membrane.
Aetiology
Drugs—NSAIDs, antibiotics, rifampin, allopurinol, IFN-alpha, PPI inhibitors, TINU (tubuloinerstitial nephritis and bilateral uveitis); granulomatous inflammation—e.g., sarcoidosis.
Clinical findings
Patients generally present abruptly with rash, fever, eosinophilia, eosinophiluria, and elevated IgE. In cases linked to NSAIDs, acute disease follows months of NSAID use.
 
Mechanism
Hypersensivity reaction to drugs or bacteria/viruses.