Global Atmospheric Research Program

(GARP), an international scientific and meteorological project begun at the end of the 1960’s. GARP’s purpose is the study of the physical processes that occur in the troposphere and stratosphere, which is necessary for understanding the unstable atmospheric processes that manifest themselves in large-scale fluctuations and cause changes in the weather. The factors that determine the statistical properties of general atmospheric circulation are also studied. A knowledge of these processes should lead to the development of better mathematical methods for advance weather forecasting. A deeper understanding of the physical basis for climatic phenomena should also result. Using computational methods, GARP develops and verifies theoretical models that describe specific processes in the atmosphere; atmospheric observations and experiments are required for the development of such models.

Scientists from more than 20 nations participate in GARP; these nations include the USSR, USA, Great Britain, Japan, and France. Participants provide special ships, satellites, and airplanes for conducting observations.

The major projects coordinated by GARP are the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE, 1974), the First GARP Global Experiment (FGGE, 1979; also called the Global Weather Experiment), the Polar Experiment (POLEX, 1971–79), Complex Atmospheric Energetics Experiment (CAENEX, 1972) and the Monsoon Experiment (MONEX, 1973–79). The Soviet Tropical Experiment (TROPEX-72) was a preliminary project of GARP, in the course of which six research ships developed observational techniques and studied large-scale atmospheric processes in the Atlantic torrid zone. Important data was collected during TROPEX-72 on the interaction between the world ocean and the atmosphere and their exchange of energy.

GARP operates under the aegis of the World Meteorological Organization and the International Geodetic and Geophysical Union. In the USSR, it is supervised by the Central Board of the Hydrometeorological Survey of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

REFERENCES

Khrgian, A. Kh. “PIGAP: Global’nyi atlanticheskii tropicheskii eksperiment.” lzvestiia AN SSSR: Fizika atmosfery i okeana, 1973, vol. 9, no. 7.
Bugaev, V. A. “Programma issledovanii global’nykh atmosfernykh protsessov.” VestnikAN SSSR, 1970, no. 7.
Kondrat’ev, K. Ia. [et al.]. “Nekotorye rezul’taty issledovanii po programme Kompleksnogo energeticheskogo eksperimenta (1970–72 gg.).” Meteorologiia i gidrologiia, 1972, no. 11.
Mason, B. J. “Atlanticheskii tropicheskii eksperiment PIGAP.” Biulleten’ VMO, 1973, vol. 22, no. 2.
GARP, Special Reports, nos. 1–12. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, 1969–73.
GARP, Publications Series, nos. 1–10. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, 1970–73.

B. I. SILKIN

单词	global atmospheric research program
释义	Global Atmospheric Research Program Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP), an international scientific and meteorological project begun at the end of the 1960’s. GARP’s purpose is the study of the physical processes that occur in the troposphere and stratosphere, which is necessary for understanding the unstable atmospheric processes that manifest themselves in large-scale fluctuations and cause changes in the weather. The factors that determine the statistical properties of general atmospheric circulation are also studied. A knowledge of these processes should lead to the development of better mathematical methods for advance weather forecasting. A deeper understanding of the physical basis for climatic phenomena should also result. Using computational methods, GARP develops and verifies theoretical models that describe specific processes in the atmosphere; atmospheric observations and experiments are required for the development of such models. Scientists from more than 20 nations participate in GARP; these nations include the USSR, USA, Great Britain, Japan, and France. Participants provide special ships, satellites, and airplanes for conducting observations. The major projects coordinated by GARP are the GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE, 1974), the First GARP Global Experiment (FGGE, 1979; also called the Global Weather Experiment), the Polar Experiment (POLEX, 1971–79), Complex Atmospheric Energetics Experiment (CAENEX, 1972) and the Monsoon Experiment (MONEX, 1973–79). The Soviet Tropical Experiment (TROPEX-72) was a preliminary project of GARP, in the course of which six research ships developed observational techniques and studied large-scale atmospheric processes in the Atlantic torrid zone. Important data was collected during TROPEX-72 on the interaction between the world ocean and the atmosphere and their exchange of energy. GARP operates under the aegis of the World Meteorological Organization and the International Geodetic and Geophysical Union. In the USSR, it is supervised by the Central Board of the Hydrometeorological Survey of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. REFERENCES Khrgian, A. Kh. “PIGAP: Global’nyi atlanticheskii tropicheskii eksperiment.” lzvestiia AN SSSR: Fizika atmosfery i okeana, 1973, vol. 9, no. 7. Bugaev, V. A. “Programma issledovanii global’nykh atmosfernykh protsessov.” VestnikAN SSSR, 1970, no. 7. Kondrat’ev, K. Ia. [et al.]. “Nekotorye rezul’taty issledovanii po programme Kompleksnogo energeticheskogo eksperimenta (1970–72 gg.).” Meteorologiia i gidrologiia, 1972, no. 11. Mason, B. J. “Atlanticheskii tropicheskii eksperiment PIGAP.” Biulleten’ VMO, 1973, vol. 22, no. 2. GARP, Special Reports, nos. 1–12. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, 1969–73. GARP, Publications Series, nos. 1–10. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, 1970–73. B. I. SILKIN AcronymsSeeGARP
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