| 单词 | biodiesel |
| 释义 | biodieselbiodieselbi·o·die·selB5264300 (bī′ō-dē′zəl, -səl)biodiesel(ˈbaɪəʊˌdiːzəl)biodieselbiodiesel,fuel made from natural, renewable sources, such as new and used vegetable oils and animal fats, for use in a diesel enginediesel engine,type of internal-combustion engine invented by the German engineer Rudolf Diesel and patented by him in 1892. Although his engine was designed to use coal dust as fuel, the diesel engine now burns fuel oil. ..... Click the link for more information. . Biodiesel has physical properties very similar to petroleum-derived diesel fuel, but its emission properties are superior. Using biodiesel in a conventional diesel engine substantially reduces emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, sulfates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrated polycyclic aromtic hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. Diesel blends containing up to 20% biodiesel can be used in nearly all diesel-powered equipment, and higher-level blends and pure biodiesel can be used in many engines with little or no modification. Lower-level blends are compatible with most storage and distribution equipment, but special handling is required for higher-level blends. Biodiesel is made from oils or fats, which are hydrocarbons. Fresh soybean oil is most commonly used, although biodiesel can be made from mustard seed oil or waste vegetable oil (such as used oil from restaurant deep fryers). These hydrocarbons are filtered and mixed with an alcohol, such as methanol, and a catalyst (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide), resulting in a chemical reaction whose major products are the biodiesel fuel and glycerolglycerol, biodieselbiodieselAn alternative fuel for internal combustion engines, which is produced from soybean, rapeseed, corn and other plant oils, as well as animal fats.Pros Fewer sulphur fumes, particulate matter,and carcinogens when subjected to internal combustion than petroleum-based fuels. Cons Unlikely to replace petroleum products given the potential demand; high costs of producing biodiesel from food crops. |
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