| 释义 |
from scratch
scratch S0165600 (skrăch)v. scratched, scratch·ing, scratch·es v.tr.1. To make a thin shallow cut or mark on (a surface) with a sharp instrument.2. To use the nails or claws to dig or scrape at.3. To rub or scrape (the skin) to relieve itching.4. To scrape or strike on an abrasive surface.5. To write or draw (something) by scraping a surface: scratched their initials on a rock.6. To write or draw hurriedly: scratched off a thank-you note.7. a. To strike out or cancel (a word, for example) by or as if by drawing lines through.b. Slang To cancel (a project or program, for example).8. a. To withdraw (an entry) from a contest or competition: The jockey decided to scratch the horse when it sprained its ankle.b. To withdraw an entry from (a contest or competition): Having won three races already, the swimmer scratched her final event.v.intr.1. To use the nails or claws to dig, scrape, or wound.2. To rub or scrape the skin to relieve itching.3. To make a harsh scraping sound.4. To gather funds or produce a living with difficulty.5. a. To withdraw from a contest or competition.b. Games To make a shot in billiards that results in a penalty, as when the cue ball falls into a pocket or jumps the cushion.n.1. a. A mark resembling a line that is produced by scratching.b. A slight wound.2. A hasty scribble.3. A sound made by scratching.4. a. Sports The starting line for a race.b. A contestant who has been withdrawn from a competition.5. Games a. The act of scratching in billiards.b. A fluke or chance shot in billiards.6. Poultry feed.7. Slang Money.adj.1. Done haphazardly or by chance.2. Assembled hastily or at random.3. Sports Having no golf handicap.Idioms: from scratch From the very beginning. scratch the surface To investigate or treat something in superficial or preliminary fashion. up to scratch Informal 1. Meeting the requirements.2. In fit condition.
[Middle English scracchen, probably blend of scratten, to scratch, and cracchen, to scratch (possibly from Middle Dutch cratsen).]
scratch′er n.Thesaurus| Adv. | 1. | from scratch - from the beginning, especially without relying on resources or other advantages; "he baked the torte from scratch"; "she built her business up from scratch" |
Translationsfrom scratch
from scratchEntirely without the aid of something that is already prepared or in existence. Refers to making something, usually food, from the raw or base ingredients or components, rather than those that have been preassembled or already partially completed. She doesn't have time to make cupcakes from scratch, so I'm sure they're from a box. My template got deleted so now I have to craft the whole report from scratch. If you want some real from scratch cooking, try Jesse's Café—it's as close to homemade as it gets.See also: scratch*from scratchFig. [making something] by starting from the beginning with the basic ingredients. (*Typically: bake something ~; do something ~; make something ~; Start (something) ~.) We made the cake from scratch, using no prepared ingredients. I didn't have a ladder, so I made one from scratch.See also: scratchfrom scratchFrom the very beginning, from the outset; from nothing. For example, I knew we'd have a problem from scratch. Similarly, to start from scratch means "to start from the very beginning," as in After the business failed, they decided to reorganize and start from scratch. This term comes from racing, where a competitor starts from the line scratched into the ground (whereas others may start ahead with a handicap). [Mid-1800s] Also see from the ground up; from the word go. See also: scratchfrom scratch COMMON If you do something or start something from scratch, you create something completely new, rather than adding to something that already exists. She set up the whole project from scratch. He would rather start again from scratch with new rules, new members, and a new electoral system. The Mlawa factory was one of the first in Poland to be built from scratch by a western investor. Note: In the past, the starting line for races was often a line scratched in the earth. See also: scratchfrom scratch from the very beginning, especially without utilizing or relying on any previous work for assistance. In certain sports, the scratch was originally the line or mark drawn to indicate the point from which competitors had to start a race unless they had been awarded an advantage and were able to start ahead of this line. So, a competitor starting from scratch would start from a position without any advantage. The expression up to scratch (see below) also comes from this sense of the noun scratch : a competitor who was up to scratch was of a good enough standard to start a race.See also: scratchdo something from ˈscratch do something from the beginning, not using any work done earlier: The fire destroyed all the plans. Now we’ll have to start again from scratch.See also: scratch, something from scratch From the very beginning.See also: scratchEncyclopediaSeescratch |