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单词 citation
释义

Definition of citation in English:

citation

noun sʌɪˈteɪʃ(ə)nsaɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
  • 1A quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author, especially in a scholarly work.

    the majority of the citations are to work published during the past twenty years
    Example sentencesExamples
    • In any event, the citation of authority is unlikely to be helpful.
    • Extensive literature citations are provided and add further to the enormous value of this work.
    • In parenthetical citations, the first number refers to the English translation and the second to the original.
    • The endnotes are primarily scholarly citations of sources, while the footnotes amplify, explain, or illuminate details or side stories.
    • Extensive citations are included in this longer paper.
    • They have tracked down each passage that Robbins quotes in the lectures and provide the full bibliographic citation for it.
    • But for the majority of younger scientists, citation count is not a mark of competence.
    • Authors with common names may have been credited with citations to papers they have not written, or some of their papers may have been omitted.
    • The overall citation counts are somewhat higher because papers are often cited outside their own discipline.
    • In browsing the Web, a citation to an article shows up on a page.
    • Not that the book lacks citations, references and footnotes.
    • In addition to those who published no papers during the study period, another 215 academics who authored or co-authored at least one paper received zero citations.
    • The number of Web citations to journal articles increased from 1992 to 1997.
    • This section, as well as the entire book, contains no citations or references to source material.
    • Print the citation in parentheses just as I have it.
    • I've included the full citations of a few papers so you can look them up in your local library.
    • Therefore, patent citations reveal community-wide perceptions of the relative importance of patented technologies.
    • However, subsequent citations in the literature may distort or misrepresent the studies.
    • Subsequent page citations appear parenthetically within the text.
    • In 1905, he published five landmark papers without footnotes or citations.
    Synonyms
    quotation, quote, extract, excerpt, passage, line, piece
    North American cite
    1. 1.1Law A reference to a previous case, used as guidance in the trying of comparable cases or in support of an argument.
      this journal contains citations from all jurisdictions
      Example sentencesExamples
      • I do not think that that citation supports a submission that there must be some form of specific reference to the work in question.
      • If foreign decisions were freely citable, it would mean that any judge wanting a supporting citation had only to troll deeply enough in the world's corpus juris to find it.
      • The notice shall state concisely the section which is said to be unconstitutional or ultra vires, a brief statement of the argument to be made, and the citation of any cases which are relied upon for support of the argument.
      • Each patent abstract provides a list of citations to previous patents, that is, the ‘prior art’ upon which the current patent builds.
      • The words underlined by me in that citation in my view support what I have said about this approach to be adopted by the court.
      Synonyms
      reference, allusion
  • 2A mention of a praiseworthy act in an official report, especially that of a member of the armed forces in wartime.

    the citation described him as an officer of extreme gallantry
    Example sentencesExamples
    • The Medal of Honor recipient's photos and citations accompany each interview.
    • Early this year the group were honoured to receive a special citation to mark their 34 years.
    • The citation praised the calm and professional way she dealt with the incident.
    • The many officers who signed those glowing fitness reports and awarded those citations are either liars or they are incompetent.
    • The citation pays tribute to her dedication and enthusiasm, and the notable successes she has achieved.
    • The citation praises in particular the penthouse flat which it describes as a tour de force.
    • Another form of participatory award is the unit citation, which recognizes those who serve in a unit that accomplished its mission in a superior manner.
    • His Bronze Star medal citation for the incident praises his courage under fire in the aftermath of a mine explosion that rocked another swift boat on that day 35 years ago.
    • In fact the official citation says that he displayed ‘a complete disregard of his personal safety’.
    • His photographs have received numerous awards and citations.
    • I thought it was dishonorable and dishonest to question the medals and citations that he had received in combat.
    • Presenting the trophy at Constabulary headquarters, the police authority chairman read out a citation praising the positive image he has given of his job.
    • He has received many citations and official commendations and published two volumes of collected poems he wrote.
    • He won his own Bronze Star that day, and the citation praises him for providing assistance to a damaged Swift boat ‘despite enemy bullets flying about him.’
    • The official citation, which I will read in a few minutes, lists many of Ray's professional accomplishments.
    • You did receive a citation from the CIA director of operations for your work after you retired from the agency over the years.
    • The Marine Corps is usually conservative in distributing medals, but the battles of March and April here are certain to bring a significant number of citations for bravery, officials said.
    • Those records include the official after-action report, citations for Bronze Stars awarded for heroism that day and now the Task Force 115 report.
    • His role was described as ‘vital and incredibly demanding’ in the citation, adding that many lives were saved as a direct result of his actions.
    • He read a citation in tribute to his many years of service to coaching and encouragement of athletics over the years.
    Synonyms
    commendation, award, honour
    mention, honourable mention
    1. 2.1 A note accompanying an award, describing the reasons for it.
      a Nobel citation
      Example sentencesExamples
      • The remainder of the story is best told in the citation accompanying the award of his Air Force Cross.
      • Here's what the magazine reproduces from his award citation.
      • The Nobel citation praised him, saying he ‘has been pre-eminent in bringing new life to the organisation’.
      • "You inspire us to venture beyond the limits in every circumstance of our day, " his citation read.
      • In 2000, FIFA, the game's world governing body, honoured him with their fair-play award and the citation made special mention of his work with children in Soweto and all over South Africa.
      • More honest and accurate than laudatory adjectives on a fitness report or hyperbole in a medal citation, it is the true measure of a man by the people who know him the best.
      • The award citation tells the rest of the story.
      • They are building popular support for peace on both sides of the border, the citation noted.
      • The citation on his nomination referred to the considerable time and personal commitment he had invested in raising the funding and recruiting the successful candidate, who takes up her post in May.
      • Both programmes were described by the panel of adjudicators, in a citation at the awards ceremony, ‘as examples of first class journalism presented in a compelling and incisive manner’.
      • The full citation of the award is printed following this list of prizes.
      • The award that carries a citation recognises his ‘professional excellence and contribution to the field of medicine and surgery especially laparoscopic surgery’.
      • The Chicago firm also received a citation of merit award for the building itself.
      • In fact, this play was singled out in the citation awarding the Nobel Prize to Soyinka in 1986.
      • According to the award citation, the bank's entry ‘created a moment of real and lasting drama, forcing its domestic rivals to cut profit margins and follow its lead’.
      • The award citation highlights his achievements in ocean exploration and unraveling its many complexities.
      • Their excellence in investigation had solved many challenging cases, the citation presented to them said.
      • The citation accompanying the award said he was tasked with the disposal of two sea mines.
      • The citation says that the report ‘brought the plight of oceans into people's living rooms.’
      • He read the citation accompanying the award and added his own praise.
      Synonyms
      award, accolade, prize, honour, honourable mention, mention, recognition
  • 3North American A summons to appear in court.

    a traffic citation
    Example sentencesExamples
    • They must get written authorization from the Department of Environment before issuing a citation.
    • A citation requires a court appearance with the punishment and fine being determined by the judge upon conviction.
    • Indeed, he was told he would face a contempt of court citation if he disclosed either his complaint or the censure.
    • A police officer has pulled over a motorist on the roadway to issue a traffic citation.
    • The police prosecutor has used it in court to look up the driving history of people who were appealing traffic citations.
    Synonyms
    summons, subpoena, writ, court order, process
    Latin subpoena ad testificandum

Origin

Middle English (in sense 2): from Old French, from Latin citatio(n-), from citare 'cite'.

Rhymes

ablation, aeration, agnation, Alsatian, Amerasian, Asian, aviation, cetacean, conation, creation, Croatian, counterdemonstration, counterproliferation, crustacean, curation, Dalmatian, delation, dilation, donation, duration, elation, fixation, Galatian, geolocation, glocalization, gyration, Haitian, halation, Horatian, ideation, illation, lavation, legation, libation, location, lunation, mutation, natation, nation, negation, notation, nutation, oblation, oration, ovation, potation, relation, rogation, rotation, Sarmatian, sedation, Serbo-Croatian, station, staycation, taxation, Thracian, vacation, vexation, vocation, zonation
 
 

Definition of citation in US English:

citation

(also cit.)
nounsaɪˈteɪʃ(ə)nsīˈtāSH(ə)n
  • 1A quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author, especially in a scholarly work.

    there were dozens of citations from the works of Byron
    recognition through citation is one of the principal rewards in science
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Subsequent page citations appear parenthetically within the text.
    • Extensive literature citations are provided and add further to the enormous value of this work.
    • Authors with common names may have been credited with citations to papers they have not written, or some of their papers may have been omitted.
    • Not that the book lacks citations, references and footnotes.
    • In browsing the Web, a citation to an article shows up on a page.
    • But for the majority of younger scientists, citation count is not a mark of competence.
    • In parenthetical citations, the first number refers to the English translation and the second to the original.
    • Extensive citations are included in this longer paper.
    • The overall citation counts are somewhat higher because papers are often cited outside their own discipline.
    • In addition to those who published no papers during the study period, another 215 academics who authored or co-authored at least one paper received zero citations.
    • They have tracked down each passage that Robbins quotes in the lectures and provide the full bibliographic citation for it.
    • This section, as well as the entire book, contains no citations or references to source material.
    • Print the citation in parentheses just as I have it.
    • However, subsequent citations in the literature may distort or misrepresent the studies.
    • I've included the full citations of a few papers so you can look them up in your local library.
    • The number of Web citations to journal articles increased from 1992 to 1997.
    • Therefore, patent citations reveal community-wide perceptions of the relative importance of patented technologies.
    • In 1905, he published five landmark papers without footnotes or citations.
    • In any event, the citation of authority is unlikely to be helpful.
    • The endnotes are primarily scholarly citations of sources, while the footnotes amplify, explain, or illuminate details or side stories.
    Synonyms
    quotation, quote, extract, excerpt, passage, line, piece
    1. 1.1Law A reference to a former tried case, used as guidance in the trying of comparable cases or in support of an argument.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • I do not think that that citation supports a submission that there must be some form of specific reference to the work in question.
      • The words underlined by me in that citation in my view support what I have said about this approach to be adopted by the court.
      • Each patent abstract provides a list of citations to previous patents, that is, the ‘prior art’ upon which the current patent builds.
      • If foreign decisions were freely citable, it would mean that any judge wanting a supporting citation had only to troll deeply enough in the world's corpus juris to find it.
      • The notice shall state concisely the section which is said to be unconstitutional or ultra vires, a brief statement of the argument to be made, and the citation of any cases which are relied upon for support of the argument.
      Synonyms
      reference, allusion
  • 2A mention of a praiseworthy act or achievement in an official report, especially that of a member of the armed forces in wartime.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The Marine Corps is usually conservative in distributing medals, but the battles of March and April here are certain to bring a significant number of citations for bravery, officials said.
    • His Bronze Star medal citation for the incident praises his courage under fire in the aftermath of a mine explosion that rocked another swift boat on that day 35 years ago.
    • He read a citation in tribute to his many years of service to coaching and encouragement of athletics over the years.
    • Early this year the group were honoured to receive a special citation to mark their 34 years.
    • His role was described as ‘vital and incredibly demanding’ in the citation, adding that many lives were saved as a direct result of his actions.
    • Another form of participatory award is the unit citation, which recognizes those who serve in a unit that accomplished its mission in a superior manner.
    • Those records include the official after-action report, citations for Bronze Stars awarded for heroism that day and now the Task Force 115 report.
    • The citation praises in particular the penthouse flat which it describes as a tour de force.
    • The many officers who signed those glowing fitness reports and awarded those citations are either liars or they are incompetent.
    • His photographs have received numerous awards and citations.
    • You did receive a citation from the CIA director of operations for your work after you retired from the agency over the years.
    • He won his own Bronze Star that day, and the citation praises him for providing assistance to a damaged Swift boat ‘despite enemy bullets flying about him.’
    • The Medal of Honor recipient's photos and citations accompany each interview.
    • The citation praised the calm and professional way she dealt with the incident.
    • Presenting the trophy at Constabulary headquarters, the police authority chairman read out a citation praising the positive image he has given of his job.
    • He has received many citations and official commendations and published two volumes of collected poems he wrote.
    • The citation pays tribute to her dedication and enthusiasm, and the notable successes she has achieved.
    • The official citation, which I will read in a few minutes, lists many of Ray's professional accomplishments.
    • In fact the official citation says that he displayed ‘a complete disregard of his personal safety’.
    • I thought it was dishonorable and dishonest to question the medals and citations that he had received in combat.
    Synonyms
    commendation, award, honour
    1. 2.1 A note accompanying an award, describing the reasons for it.
      the Nobel citation noted that his discovery would be useful for energy conversion technology
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Both programmes were described by the panel of adjudicators, in a citation at the awards ceremony, ‘as examples of first class journalism presented in a compelling and incisive manner’.
      • According to the award citation, the bank's entry ‘created a moment of real and lasting drama, forcing its domestic rivals to cut profit margins and follow its lead’.
      • The Chicago firm also received a citation of merit award for the building itself.
      • In 2000, FIFA, the game's world governing body, honoured him with their fair-play award and the citation made special mention of his work with children in Soweto and all over South Africa.
      • The award that carries a citation recognises his ‘professional excellence and contribution to the field of medicine and surgery especially laparoscopic surgery’.
      • Their excellence in investigation had solved many challenging cases, the citation presented to them said.
      • The full citation of the award is printed following this list of prizes.
      • The award citation highlights his achievements in ocean exploration and unraveling its many complexities.
      • They are building popular support for peace on both sides of the border, the citation noted.
      • The remainder of the story is best told in the citation accompanying the award of his Air Force Cross.
      • More honest and accurate than laudatory adjectives on a fitness report or hyperbole in a medal citation, it is the true measure of a man by the people who know him the best.
      • The citation accompanying the award said he was tasked with the disposal of two sea mines.
      • The award citation tells the rest of the story.
      • The Nobel citation praised him, saying he ‘has been pre-eminent in bringing new life to the organisation’.
      • The citation on his nomination referred to the considerable time and personal commitment he had invested in raising the funding and recruiting the successful candidate, who takes up her post in May.
      • He read the citation accompanying the award and added his own praise.
      • "You inspire us to venture beyond the limits in every circumstance of our day, " his citation read.
      • Here's what the magazine reproduces from his award citation.
      • In fact, this play was singled out in the citation awarding the Nobel Prize to Soyinka in 1986.
      • The citation says that the report ‘brought the plight of oceans into people's living rooms.’
      Synonyms
      award, accolade, prize, honour, honourable mention, mention, recognition
  • 3North American A summons.

    a traffic citation
    Example sentencesExamples
    • A police officer has pulled over a motorist on the roadway to issue a traffic citation.
    • The police prosecutor has used it in court to look up the driving history of people who were appealing traffic citations.
    • A citation requires a court appearance with the punishment and fine being determined by the judge upon conviction.
    • They must get written authorization from the Department of Environment before issuing a citation.
    • Indeed, he was told he would face a contempt of court citation if he disclosed either his complaint or the censure.
    Synonyms
    summons, subpoena, writ, court order, process

Origin

Middle English (in citation (sense 2)): from Old French, from Latin citatio(n-), from citare ‘cite’.

 
 
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