| 释义 |
Definition of passive in English: passiveadjective ˈpasɪvˈpæsɪv 1Accepting or allowing what happens or what others do, without active response or resistance. the women were portrayed as passive victims Example sentencesExamples - He could have remained a passive passenger allowing the constable to deal with the driver or could have insisted Mr Main breath-test Ms Johnstone but did neither.
- Ultimately, as you follow this kind of plan, you will gain a passive income that allows you to quit your job, and you become, by definition, financially independent.
- From passive viewing to active buying is just another step.
- The passive person allows things to wash over them.
- Historians are now concerned with resistance in active and passive forms, organised and impromptu, group and individual, male and female, political, economic, and cultural.
- They seem to prefer a passive response to a quick, aggressive reaction.
- Active, not passive, response is called forth as is perseverance over the long haul.
- As Hickey noted, peasants have many methods of passive and active resistance, and force is often counterproductive as a motivator.
- The distinction between physically passive and relatively active patients, based on actometry, is helpful to select the correct approach to help the patient.
- These crimes of violence continue with the active support or passive complicity of state agents, armed groups, families and communities.
- An underacknowledged distinction in studies of legitimacy centers on whether the organization seeks active support or merely passive acquiescence.
- The South African government's passive response to events in Zimbabwe inevitably raises awkward questions about the depth of its own commitment to democracy.
- Besides primary, secondary, we should also look at - that's a active scene, passive thing, did she put up a fight or she just submit herself.
- Seminal studies in mammals indicated that the threshold at which the shift from an active to a passive behavioral response occurs is subject to great individual variation.
- The inhabitants of the colony prove to be neither passive victims nor fierce resistors in some undifferentiated manner.
- She asked how it happened that ordinary Salvadorans went from decades of passive acceptance to active insurgency in a short time.
- That is, they have the ability to rationally accept dreadful circumstances without becoming angry or passive, two common responses to extreme stress.
- But for many, the availability of therapeutic intervention may facilitate the transition from active worker to passive victim.
- There is absolute integrity in the distinction between passive consumption and active use, except insofar as ‘use’ of a product signifies its consumption anyway.
- Patients accustomed to inadequate care may become resentful or respond with passive acceptance of the situation often seeing it simply as a further burden of poverty and social alienation.
Synonyms submissive, acquiescent, unresisting, yielding, unassertive, non-resistant, compliant, complaisant, pliant, resigned, obedient, docile, tractable, malleable, pliable, meek, subdued, deferential, forbearing, long-suffering, patient, lamblike, non-violent, supine non-aggressive archaic resistless 2Grammar
Denoting a voice of verbs in which the subject undergoes the action of the verb (e.g. they were killed as opposed to the active form he killed them). The opposite of active Example sentencesExamples - A foundation narrative often was not about an individual hero, but was told in the passive voice and emphasized the technologies themselves.
- In Hindi, the passive voice is almost standard.
- In addition, these content areas require longer, complex phrases and use of the passive voice.
- The passive voice gives a sense of detached and objective authority that, in contrast to the imperative mode, is expressive of neutrality.
- When it was applied to the husband, the translators rendered the verb in an active form; when applied to the woman they rendered it passive.
- The second report lapsed into the passive voice.
- A handful of misspellings, constant use of the passive voice, and frequent repetitiveness mar the study.
- Never use the passive voice in an incitement to action, however vile or reprehensible.
- Numerous simple declarative sentences, at times virtually unconnected conceptually, and rampant use of the passive voice make the book difficult to read.
- As is so often the case, it is the use of the passive voice in the paragraph that leads you into ambiguity and trouble.
- But the framers set a grammatical conundrum for us when they put the main clause in the passive voice: ‘shall not be infringed’.
- Nominalization is one way to avoid reference to the agent of an action (here, who did the shooting), but it's not the same as using the passive voice.
- A colleague of mine at AT&T some years ago did an excellent job of expressing the case against the passive voice.
- Eventually, I rejected my advisor's advice to write in the passive voice; it surely sounded more scientific, but was far duller.
- Wilson never called a halt to it, but there's a common practice of whenever anything bad is mentioned, it's put in the passive voice as if nobody did it.
- Using the passive voice is always very helpful.
- The general pattern appears to be that the unmarked, active voice acts as a same function category, while the marked, passive voice indicates a switch in function.
- In many cases, the headline was also couched in a passive voice.
- Instead, the memo I circulated to the faculty was firmly rooted in the third person and utilized the passive voice.
- The Suspension Clause is phrased in the passive voice; it does not say who may suspend the great writ.
- No, you would have to be careful not to put it in a passive voice.
3(of a circuit or device) containing no source of electromotive force. a passive optical network is to be installed in 2000 homes Example sentencesExamples - One PP007 500 - MHz passive probe per channel is included with every unit.
- Devices range from integrated passive devices and analogue components to power devices, serial EEPROMs and flash memory.
- However, in the attempt to pace up with this evolution, thinner on-chip metals and dielectrics have a troubling effect on the Q factor of on-chip passives.
- Some of these devices may have features that offer more resistance to test interference or disturbance than other passive devices.
- The pipette is simply a passive device that enables the recording, whereas a planar electrode offers the opportunity to further integrate devices on chip.
- Active termination adds voltage regulators to the resistors used in passive termination, which allow more reliable and consistent termination of the bus.
- We have them on passive sensors,’ called Dan, ‘they're offsetting towards us.’
- Harmonics may further be controlled by limiting a conductance between gate electrodes and fixed potentials using an active or passive device.
- No power is required to maintain the passive optical circuit.
- The GPS receiver is a passive device, it does not transmit a signal.
- Unfortunately, the mVCR recording tool is passive.
- As the demand for optical reach continues to increase, passive filters are no longer sufficient, and greater individual wavelength control is required.
- I tuned the passive sensors to their highest level.
- The Ultrasite valve, based on a luer connection, is a passive device that meets government requirements.
- Previous experience of PCMBS inhibiting a fraction of the normal unloading efflux suggests that this large, PCMBS-insensitive efflux is by a passive mechanism.
- Of the passive devices, the charcoal canisters and charcoal liquid scintillation detectors are typically used for short-term tests.
- For example, implementing passive filters in a dynamic, changing facility might cause the appearance of resonant flows that arc dangerous and hard to find.
- The dangerous missiles were entirely passive, homing in on infrared radiation given out by our aircraft and emitting no signals by which a missile lock could be detected.
- ‘The electromagnetic field in the ionosphere is masking our passive sensors,’ the officer of the deck said.
- Most optical gas sensors are passive, relying on the inherent spectroscopic properties of the gases themselves.
- The passive antenna elements are coupled to selectable impedance components.
- 3.1 (of radar or a satellite) receiving or reflecting radiation from a transmitter or target rather than generating its own signal.
passive sensors detect the emissions from enemy radar Example sentencesExamples - System and method for determining the location of a transmitter using passive reflectors or refractors as proxy receivers and using database querying
- It can be fired as a long-range standoff missile, or its all-aspect passive radar homing seeker can be used to detect and attack targets of opportunity.
- The 82845GV GMCH is just adjacent, and is cooled by a rather small passive heatsink only.
- 3.2 (of a heating system) making use of incident sunlight as an energy source.
bananas can be grown at the highest altitude using passive solar heating alone Example sentencesExamples - For example one might expect that a glazed cavity like this would be used for passive solar heating or ventilation.
- Most earth homes are concentrated in hot, dry climates and are suited for passive solar heating and cooling in such areas.
- The cold-sink will never fail, allows the air around the plants to stay heated and uses absolutely free, passive energy.
- They also act as buffer zones, providing valuable passive solar energy gains that help offset the building's overall energy consumption.
- Where am I going to put my house to maximize passive solar heating?
- Other systems include integrated wastewater treatment, photovoltaic electrical systems, solar hot water and passive solar heating.
- Through passive solar heating and cooling, the structures will minimize their reliance on fossil fuels.
- The tree can be an important characteristic of passive solar heating, providing early afternoon summer shade, and little effect in winter with the leaves off.
- A skylight can be an efficient and desirable source of passive solar heating, assuming that you need the heat.
- Earthen homes are appropriate for a variety of climates and are ideally suited for passive solar heating and cooling.
- During the 1970s energy crisis, many designers and builders plunged into passive solar home construction.
- To maximize passive solar heating from the Colorado winter sun, these houses are oriented with their long dimension facing within 30 degrees of south.
- Several passive cooling systems have been developed and tested.
- A passive solar hot-water system preheats water for the showers, and a photovoltaic array supplements municipal electricity.
- Energy-conscious design may combine conservation methods, such as insulation and thermostat set-back, with passive solar heating.
- Space heat is primarily passive solar with a 7 kW central wood fireplace as back-up
- Clad in mirrored glass over a uniform space frame, the design boasts passive solar heating and wind cooling obtained through operable strips of ventilating windows.
- The atria act as meeting places for the company's employees, and serve as buffer zones to provide passive solar energy gains.
- In winter, the passive system makes use of the buffer zone for cooling and the mechanical system provides heating.
- The building makes use of passive solar energy, with heat and cold stored both in the structure and below it.
4Chemistry
(of a metal) made unreactive by a thin inert surface layer of oxide. Example sentencesExamples - The Nernst equation indicates whether passive K + uptake can be mediated by ion channels or if there is a need for carrier-mediated transport.
- This chromium oxide film is passive and stable, and it seals the base metal from exposure to the atmosphere, thereby precluding further oxidation.
- I expected that the passive design would require a greater cooling surface area - or at least, metal tubing instead of plastic hoses to provide better thermal dissipation.
- Cooling the SiS645 northbridge is a silver, passive heatsink.
noun ˈpasɪvˈpæsɪv Grammar 1A passive form of a verb. Example sentencesExamples - This confirms my point here; these passives do not have a passive meaning.
- But readies for does not occur at all, and the six occurrences of readied for are all passives (so they illustrate the transitive verb).
- The original was in the active voice, but the ‘when’ clause was in the passive.
- By the way, they discuss many different kinds of bias on the part of Reuters, not just choice between actives and passives.
- In actuality, only the first two examples are passives.
- Have you ever read something that assiduously avoids all passives and progressives?
- Since in the latter the indirect object has become the subject of the sentence, the construction is called the indirect passive.
- With this framework, one can see politeness strategies in regularities of scientific style - such as the use of pronouns and of passives - that are usually explained in terms of conventions.
- One of the keys to the slant of any newspaper story is seeing which way the unsupported passives go.
- Choose active or passive verbs for their special effects.
- The question is simply this: do these words give us a true example of a verb that is middle or passive in form but active in meaning?
- What about conjoining a passive with an active?
- It was thought to be characterized by a fairly high proportion of such features as subordinate clauses, adjectives, the pronoun I and passives.
- But the whole tension of these two lines focuses on the verb - active, passive or participle?
- 1.1the passive The passive voice.
Example sentencesExamples - Use active verbs - but don't dismiss the passive.
- We have already observed that during the time of Hellenistic Greek, the middle voice form was losing ground to the passive.
- But I really do hate passive voice and buried claims like the plague.
- It followed that findings should be presented in the third person, and in a passive and cautious voice.
- This often works, but if you are writing in the active mood, the changes to the passive for the circumlocutions can be irksome.
- Here the verbs are in the present passive: the Christian is being changed.
- I learned the distinction between the active and passive voice as early as fifth grade.
- Further, with all forms except the aorist and future, we are not able to tell whether a verb is middle or passive.
Derivatives noun ˈpasɪvnəsˈpæsɪvnəs She couldn't possibly struggle, she knew, or she'd jeopardize her intent there, and her passiveness was mistaken by Alex to be reciprocated passion. Example sentencesExamples - It's really the passiveness that makes such a mess of things.
- Women's bell-like tittering and men's droning passiveness filled the void my nervousness made.
- That passiveness is something I'm consciously working on changing.
- I think it is never good to discourage kids from cutting from the standpoint that it is a good sign of offensive aggressiveness, which I always prefer to offensive passiveness.
- He said low genetic diversity is a natural part of the domestication process and that Dukha reindeer are selected for traits such as passiveness and strong backs that support saddles and riders.
- They were well known for their political passiveness, a position supported by a deep-seated belief in impotency of ordinary folk in the face of political ambitions.
- Putti, his eyes bright from the fire, instantly noticed her passiveness, but he spoke nothing of it as he gazed proudly at her beside the fire.
- One possible charge against the telco, however, might be passiveness in not doing more to warn customers against this danger.
- The one thing I'm taking away from this experience is that apathy and passiveness don't make anything better.
- We will wait for another nuclear explosion or Mandir-Masjid dispute to shake us out of our passiveness.
- Reputation and wealth are also both signals of some underlying task performed that is of value to others, albeit noisy signals - chance, deception, and the passiveness of observers all play a part.
- The armed forces' passiveness towards the government's defense policies after the power transition is mainly a result of the following three problems.
- He becomes a practising mystic using wise passiveness and transcendental experience as methods of breaking his ego chains.
- Rose's impassioned speech against passiveness and for making a stand about what's right struck a chord, and the whole final episode was based around this one idea.
- They have a poor memory, which is the direct result of their general passiveness in world politics, as well as their general apathy towards their immediate environment.
- His overaggressiveness on defense often landed him in foul trouble, and his passiveness on offense often caused him to be a nonfactor.
- In an environment where any passiveness will be rewarded with a thunderous blow to the body from an equally vicious opponent, such application is not just necessary, but beneficial.
- The passiveness and peace of a matriarchy with the passion and drive and energy of a patriarchy is the best blend, and will ultimately create a society that can stand against anything.
- An increased awareness of the power of big business should provide an incentive to participate in the democratic process in order to end any passiveness on the part of the government.
Origin Late Middle English (in sense 2 of the adjective, also in the sense '(exposed to) suffering, acted on by an external agency'): from Latin passivus, from pass- 'suffered', from the verb pati. Definition of passive in US English: passiveadjectiveˈpæsɪvˈpasiv 1Accepting or allowing what happens or what others do, without active response or resistance. the women were portrayed as passive victims Example sentencesExamples - An underacknowledged distinction in studies of legitimacy centers on whether the organization seeks active support or merely passive acquiescence.
- As Hickey noted, peasants have many methods of passive and active resistance, and force is often counterproductive as a motivator.
- Besides primary, secondary, we should also look at - that's a active scene, passive thing, did she put up a fight or she just submit herself.
- He could have remained a passive passenger allowing the constable to deal with the driver or could have insisted Mr Main breath-test Ms Johnstone but did neither.
- The distinction between physically passive and relatively active patients, based on actometry, is helpful to select the correct approach to help the patient.
- They seem to prefer a passive response to a quick, aggressive reaction.
- The inhabitants of the colony prove to be neither passive victims nor fierce resistors in some undifferentiated manner.
- Patients accustomed to inadequate care may become resentful or respond with passive acceptance of the situation often seeing it simply as a further burden of poverty and social alienation.
- Seminal studies in mammals indicated that the threshold at which the shift from an active to a passive behavioral response occurs is subject to great individual variation.
- From passive viewing to active buying is just another step.
- But for many, the availability of therapeutic intervention may facilitate the transition from active worker to passive victim.
- The passive person allows things to wash over them.
- Ultimately, as you follow this kind of plan, you will gain a passive income that allows you to quit your job, and you become, by definition, financially independent.
- That is, they have the ability to rationally accept dreadful circumstances without becoming angry or passive, two common responses to extreme stress.
- Historians are now concerned with resistance in active and passive forms, organised and impromptu, group and individual, male and female, political, economic, and cultural.
- She asked how it happened that ordinary Salvadorans went from decades of passive acceptance to active insurgency in a short time.
- Active, not passive, response is called forth as is perseverance over the long haul.
- There is absolute integrity in the distinction between passive consumption and active use, except insofar as ‘use’ of a product signifies its consumption anyway.
- These crimes of violence continue with the active support or passive complicity of state agents, armed groups, families and communities.
- The South African government's passive response to events in Zimbabwe inevitably raises awkward questions about the depth of its own commitment to democracy.
Synonyms submissive, acquiescent, unresisting, yielding, unassertive, non-resistant, compliant, complaisant, pliant, resigned, obedient, docile, tractable, malleable, pliable, meek, subdued, deferential, forbearing, long-suffering, patient, lamblike, non-violent, supine 2Grammar
Denoting or relating to a voice of verbs in which the subject undergoes the action of the verb (e.g., they were killed as opposed to he killed them). The opposite of active Example sentencesExamples - As is so often the case, it is the use of the passive voice in the paragraph that leads you into ambiguity and trouble.
- No, you would have to be careful not to put it in a passive voice.
- A handful of misspellings, constant use of the passive voice, and frequent repetitiveness mar the study.
- Using the passive voice is always very helpful.
- The second report lapsed into the passive voice.
- Eventually, I rejected my advisor's advice to write in the passive voice; it surely sounded more scientific, but was far duller.
- But the framers set a grammatical conundrum for us when they put the main clause in the passive voice: ‘shall not be infringed’.
- When it was applied to the husband, the translators rendered the verb in an active form; when applied to the woman they rendered it passive.
- Numerous simple declarative sentences, at times virtually unconnected conceptually, and rampant use of the passive voice make the book difficult to read.
- In many cases, the headline was also couched in a passive voice.
- Nominalization is one way to avoid reference to the agent of an action (here, who did the shooting), but it's not the same as using the passive voice.
- The general pattern appears to be that the unmarked, active voice acts as a same function category, while the marked, passive voice indicates a switch in function.
- A foundation narrative often was not about an individual hero, but was told in the passive voice and emphasized the technologies themselves.
- Wilson never called a halt to it, but there's a common practice of whenever anything bad is mentioned, it's put in the passive voice as if nobody did it.
- In addition, these content areas require longer, complex phrases and use of the passive voice.
- In Hindi, the passive voice is almost standard.
- Never use the passive voice in an incitement to action, however vile or reprehensible.
- A colleague of mine at AT&T some years ago did an excellent job of expressing the case against the passive voice.
- Instead, the memo I circulated to the faculty was firmly rooted in the third person and utilized the passive voice.
- The passive voice gives a sense of detached and objective authority that, in contrast to the imperative mode, is expressive of neutrality.
- The Suspension Clause is phrased in the passive voice; it does not say who may suspend the great writ.
3(of a circuit or device) containing no source of electromotive force. Example sentencesExamples - However, in the attempt to pace up with this evolution, thinner on-chip metals and dielectrics have a troubling effect on the Q factor of on-chip passives.
- Active termination adds voltage regulators to the resistors used in passive termination, which allow more reliable and consistent termination of the bus.
- No power is required to maintain the passive optical circuit.
- The pipette is simply a passive device that enables the recording, whereas a planar electrode offers the opportunity to further integrate devices on chip.
- The Ultrasite valve, based on a luer connection, is a passive device that meets government requirements.
- Most optical gas sensors are passive, relying on the inherent spectroscopic properties of the gases themselves.
- Of the passive devices, the charcoal canisters and charcoal liquid scintillation detectors are typically used for short-term tests.
- ‘The electromagnetic field in the ionosphere is masking our passive sensors,’ the officer of the deck said.
- I tuned the passive sensors to their highest level.
- Previous experience of PCMBS inhibiting a fraction of the normal unloading efflux suggests that this large, PCMBS-insensitive efflux is by a passive mechanism.
- Unfortunately, the mVCR recording tool is passive.
- Devices range from integrated passive devices and analogue components to power devices, serial EEPROMs and flash memory.
- The passive antenna elements are coupled to selectable impedance components.
- Some of these devices may have features that offer more resistance to test interference or disturbance than other passive devices.
- We have them on passive sensors,’ called Dan, ‘they're offsetting towards us.’
- One PP007 500 - MHz passive probe per channel is included with every unit.
- Harmonics may further be controlled by limiting a conductance between gate electrodes and fixed potentials using an active or passive device.
- For example, implementing passive filters in a dynamic, changing facility might cause the appearance of resonant flows that arc dangerous and hard to find.
- As the demand for optical reach continues to increase, passive filters are no longer sufficient, and greater individual wavelength control is required.
- The dangerous missiles were entirely passive, homing in on infrared radiation given out by our aircraft and emitting no signals by which a missile lock could be detected.
- The GPS receiver is a passive device, it does not transmit a signal.
- 3.1 (of radar or a satellite) receiving or reflecting radiation from a transmitter or target rather than generating its own signal.
Example sentencesExamples - System and method for determining the location of a transmitter using passive reflectors or refractors as proxy receivers and using database querying
- It can be fired as a long-range standoff missile, or its all-aspect passive radar homing seeker can be used to detect and attack targets of opportunity.
- The 82845GV GMCH is just adjacent, and is cooled by a rather small passive heatsink only.
- 3.2 Relating to or denoting heating systems that make use of incident sunlight as an energy source.
Example sentencesExamples - To maximize passive solar heating from the Colorado winter sun, these houses are oriented with their long dimension facing within 30 degrees of south.
- The building makes use of passive solar energy, with heat and cold stored both in the structure and below it.
- Other systems include integrated wastewater treatment, photovoltaic electrical systems, solar hot water and passive solar heating.
- For example one might expect that a glazed cavity like this would be used for passive solar heating or ventilation.
- A passive solar hot-water system preheats water for the showers, and a photovoltaic array supplements municipal electricity.
- Most earth homes are concentrated in hot, dry climates and are suited for passive solar heating and cooling in such areas.
- During the 1970s energy crisis, many designers and builders plunged into passive solar home construction.
- They also act as buffer zones, providing valuable passive solar energy gains that help offset the building's overall energy consumption.
- Several passive cooling systems have been developed and tested.
- Earthen homes are appropriate for a variety of climates and are ideally suited for passive solar heating and cooling.
- The atria act as meeting places for the company's employees, and serve as buffer zones to provide passive solar energy gains.
- Space heat is primarily passive solar with a 7 kW central wood fireplace as back-up
- Energy-conscious design may combine conservation methods, such as insulation and thermostat set-back, with passive solar heating.
- In winter, the passive system makes use of the buffer zone for cooling and the mechanical system provides heating.
- Clad in mirrored glass over a uniform space frame, the design boasts passive solar heating and wind cooling obtained through operable strips of ventilating windows.
- The cold-sink will never fail, allows the air around the plants to stay heated and uses absolutely free, passive energy.
- A skylight can be an efficient and desirable source of passive solar heating, assuming that you need the heat.
- Where am I going to put my house to maximize passive solar heating?
- The tree can be an important characteristic of passive solar heating, providing early afternoon summer shade, and little effect in winter with the leaves off.
- Through passive solar heating and cooling, the structures will minimize their reliance on fossil fuels.
4Chemistry
(of a metal) made unreactive by a thin inert surface layer of oxide. Example sentencesExamples - I expected that the passive design would require a greater cooling surface area - or at least, metal tubing instead of plastic hoses to provide better thermal dissipation.
- This chromium oxide film is passive and stable, and it seals the base metal from exposure to the atmosphere, thereby precluding further oxidation.
- The Nernst equation indicates whether passive K + uptake can be mediated by ion channels or if there is a need for carrier-mediated transport.
- Cooling the SiS645 northbridge is a silver, passive heatsink.
nounˈpæsɪvˈpasiv Grammar 1A passive form of a verb. Example sentencesExamples - One of the keys to the slant of any newspaper story is seeing which way the unsupported passives go.
- What about conjoining a passive with an active?
- But the whole tension of these two lines focuses on the verb - active, passive or participle?
- With this framework, one can see politeness strategies in regularities of scientific style - such as the use of pronouns and of passives - that are usually explained in terms of conventions.
- This confirms my point here; these passives do not have a passive meaning.
- Have you ever read something that assiduously avoids all passives and progressives?
- The question is simply this: do these words give us a true example of a verb that is middle or passive in form but active in meaning?
- It was thought to be characterized by a fairly high proportion of such features as subordinate clauses, adjectives, the pronoun I and passives.
- Since in the latter the indirect object has become the subject of the sentence, the construction is called the indirect passive.
- Choose active or passive verbs for their special effects.
- In actuality, only the first two examples are passives.
- By the way, they discuss many different kinds of bias on the part of Reuters, not just choice between actives and passives.
- But readies for does not occur at all, and the six occurrences of readied for are all passives (so they illustrate the transitive verb).
- The original was in the active voice, but the ‘when’ clause was in the passive.
- 1.1the passive The passive voice.
Example sentencesExamples - Further, with all forms except the aorist and future, we are not able to tell whether a verb is middle or passive.
- We have already observed that during the time of Hellenistic Greek, the middle voice form was losing ground to the passive.
- This often works, but if you are writing in the active mood, the changes to the passive for the circumlocutions can be irksome.
- Use active verbs - but don't dismiss the passive.
- But I really do hate passive voice and buried claims like the plague.
- It followed that findings should be presented in the third person, and in a passive and cautious voice.
- I learned the distinction between the active and passive voice as early as fifth grade.
- Here the verbs are in the present passive: the Christian is being changed.
Origin Late Middle English (in passive (sense 2 of the adjective), also in the sense ‘(exposed to) suffering, acted on by an external agency’): from Latin passivus, from pass- ‘suffered’, from the verb pati. |