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单词 sovereign
释义

Definition of sovereign in English:

sovereign

noun ˈsɒvrɪnˈsɑv(ə)rən
  • 1A supreme ruler, especially a monarch.

    the Emperor became the first Japanese sovereign to visit Britain
    Example sentencesExamples
    • George II was the absolute ruler of a medium-sized German state, Hanover, as well as being the British sovereign.
    • Unusually for a British sovereign, George was at ease with intellectuals and country people alike.
    • Our early governors-general were British, and they were appointed by the sovereign on the advice of British ministers.
    • But in its long history, the British monarchy has survived ignorant, incompetent, debauched and mad sovereigns as well as many ambitious mistresses.
    • The Great Elector was recognised as the sovereign of East Prussia.
    • He professed that the Emperor was the true sovereign of Japan.
    • Even in the eighteenth century, when he had lost all power, the Mughal emperor was seen as the natural sovereign of Hindustan.
    • He was the 10th monarch to be buried in the precinct of the chapel, with other sovereigns including Henry VIII, Charles I, George III, Edward VII and George V.
    • She immediately rejected proposals that she become sole ruler and, in April 1689, she and William were crowned joint sovereigns of England.
    • Supporters have described Mary as one of the most merciful of the Tudor sovereigns.
    • During his presidency, Federalists lit bonfires and held balls in his honor, carrying over earlier British practices of honoring the birthday of the sovereign.
    • Elsewhere in the chapel lie the remains of other sovereigns, including her father King George VI, the Queen Mother's husband.
    • The kowtow was the stumbling block; the foreigners were willing to do only such obeisance to the Chinese emperor as they would do to their own sovereigns.
    • In India, however, she was an empress, a supreme sovereign to whom other sovereigns owed homage.
    • Not only was she the first American princess of Monaco, Alice was also the first American to marry a reigning sovereign and the first woman with a Jewish background to become the legitimate wife of a reigning sovereign.
    • The 19th century saw the early deaths of two more potential heirs, both grandchildren of the reigning sovereign.
    • For hundreds of years, reigning sovereigns have amassed large quantities of the best paintings, historic artifacts, contemporary master crafts and books, just to name a few, for personal enjoyment and self-aggrandizement.
    • The relay offers an opportunity for millions of people to be directly involved in the games and celebrate the Queen's 50 years as British sovereign.
    • Reform everywhere was initiated from above; Enlightenment sovereigns perpetuated the paternalism of the previous century's absolutist princes.
    • Members of the House of Hanover continue to seek the British sovereign's approval when they marry, in accordance with the Royal Marriages Act 1772.
    Synonyms
    ruler, monarch, supreme ruler, Crown, crowned head, head of state, potentate, suzerain, overlord, dynast, leader
    king, queen, emperor, empress, prince, princess, tsar, royal duke, grand duke, elector, crown prince, princeling, prince regent, mogul, baron, liege (lord), lord, emir, sheikh, sultan, maharaja, raja
    historical atheling
  • 2A former British gold coin worth one pound sterling, now only minted for commemorative purposes.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • A 1oz South African krugerrand costs about €275 and a British sovereign about €110.
    • The bullion then entered the money stock of other countries, as with the British sovereign made of Brazilian gold, or was shipped eastwards to pay for Asian or Baltic imports.
    • And the liner might have been forgotten had she not been carrying some 10 tons of silver and 5 tons of gold bars, plus many thousands of sovereigns.
    • When men such as Hudson were parachuted into Yugoslavia with their pockets filled with gold sovereigns in order to pay partisans to attack the Germans, the first thing they had to do on landing was to bury their gold.
    • Cargo included gold sovereigns and bales of leather hides.
    • It was worth a hundred sovereigns and run over two and a half miles.
    • Mary's brother Robert Whittaker, a brazier, stripped to his underwear when the ship struck, and threw away 80 gold sovereigns, the weight of which threatened to drown him.
    • She succeeded and kept her prize - a hundred gold sovereigns - waiting for a magnificent reason to spend it.
    • Successive monarchs including the current Elizabeth II have minted gold coins, which also came to be known as sovereigns.
    • However, the married father of two decided not to invest in gold bars or sovereigns, believing better returns were available from the companies that find and mine the precious metal.
    • How can I find the latest prices for Krugerrands and gold sovereigns?
    • And there are three different inscriptions used around the edge, which originated as safeguards printed on the first machine-made gold sovereigns in 1662.
    • Anderson had a mysterious habit of paying people in English sovereigns or South African gold coins, which he kept in a locked briefcase.
    • The only currency to retain confidence was the gold sovereign, which had been shipped into Greece in large quantities by the British authorities to finance resistance activities.
    • Interestingly, had you bought a gold sovereign in 1984 for £300, its value today would be about £200.
    • Those savings would be made up of the sovereigns, florins, half-crowns, and the smaller silver he received over the years for his smithy work.
    • The jockey, Mr J Bailey, carried 6 stone 12 pounds and the race prize money was 150 sovereigns.
    • However, there were also crowns, farthings, guineas and sovereigns, all in varying amounts and none really compatible with any of the others.
adjective ˈsɒvrɪnˈsɑv(ə)rən
  • 1Possessing supreme or ultimate power.

    in modern democracies the people's will is in theory sovereign
    Example sentencesExamples
    • We, the People, are sovereign over utility lobbyists, and we can have the energy future we want.
    • God tells us in the Bible that He is sovereign over everything, and He demonstrates His sovereignty by performing miracles.
    • Those two distinguished judges had held the view that Parliament and not the people was the sovereign power, contrary to the view held by Thomas Paine and the French revolutionaries.
    • Its governance structure would be bottom-up, power ultimately based on sovereign individuals.
    • From the religious perspective it is God who is sovereign and not the people.
    • We too readily forget, though, that in a republic it is we, the people, who hold the sovereign power.
    • In this country, the Constitution is sovereign, and the Supreme Court speaks for the Constitution.
    • Governments, enjoying the full powers of a sovereign Parliament, usually have a different vantage point from the opposition parties.
    • I saw God as He really is - the sovereign, all powerful Potentate.
    • If the people are the sovereign in today's Russia, then limiting their sovereign power in the name of Russia's sovereignty is absolutely absurd.
    • In 1971 the Icelandic government unilaterally declared that it was henceforth sovereign over the waters up to 50 nautical miles from its coasts.
    • How is Jesus of Nazareth related to the God who created all things other than Himself by His almighty, sovereign power?
    • In a purely free society, each individual is sovereign over his own person and property.
    • But this Parliament needs to be quite determined that it finally is sovereign over this country.
    • The people are the sovereign source of the Supreme Court's power.
    • If you disagree with this pope on his major doctrines, aren't you really ultimately disagreeing with the sovereign God?
    • Self-consciousness then began to shape its social world too, a process culminating in the discovery that reason is sovereign over everything.
    • Since God created the heaven and the earth, He must be either, or both, superior to and sovereign over His creation.
    • Parliament is sovereign, and, under parliamentary authority, regulation of almost anything can occur.
    • Thus God is entirely sovereign and humans are responsible for their deeds.
    Synonyms
    supreme, absolute, unlimited, unrestricted, unrestrained, unbounded, boundless, infinite, ultimate, total, unconditional, full, utter, paramount
    principal, chief, dominant, predominant, ruling
    royal, regal, kingly, monarchical
    1. 1.1attributive (of a nation or its affairs) acting or done independently and without outside interference.
      a sovereign, democratic republic
      Example sentencesExamples
      • As a sovereign nation, we must develop an autonomous defense capacity of our own.
      • In theory, a member state can opt out of the EU at any time, reverting to its status as a sovereign nation outside of the EU framework.
      • Are we an independent and sovereign country, or are we still a camouflaged colony of the superpowers?
      • They do not seem to have this problem with the Republic of Ireland, a sovereign nation which is miles ahead of Scotland in national identity and national global branding and marketing.
      • I also recognize that some of the sovereign nations of this assembly disagreed with our actions.
      • Since 1838, when it declared itself a sovereign nation, Costa Rica has enjoyed an independent existence, which it has zealously maintained.
      • The Solomon Islands is an independent sovereign country.
      • How can you be a sovereign nation while your country is occupied by the military of another nation?
      • Our borders need protecting, like any sovereign nation.
      • The conclusion is that the EU today is the most extensive economic cooperation project among sovereign nation states.
      • On the other hand, he has an understanding of the interdependence of sovereign nations in a global economy.
      • Would any self-respecting sovereign nation accept such blatant intervention in its internal political affairs?
      • We can also wage war by being sure to vote and use the democratic system that makes sovereign nations great.
      • But it is not the right of the American government to interfere in the sovereign affairs of another nation.
      • We're an independent sovereign country and that's very important to Monaco.
      • It was a sovereign country and a democratic one, and would brook no interference in its internal affairs.
      • We will go forward as a unified, independent, and sovereign nation that has regained a respected place in the world.
      • However, the mission marks another dramatic shift away from a general policy of non-intervention in the affairs of sovereign nations.
      • Over ten former Soviet republics became independent, sovereign nation-states by the end of 1991.
      • Even under existing arrangements, the demand within the EU is that sovereign nations submit themselves to intellectual and political uniformity.
      Synonyms
      independent, self-governing, autonomous, self-determining, self-legislating
      non-aligned, free
    2. 1.2archaic, literary attributive Possessing royal power and status.
      our most sovereign lord the King
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Proclaim him as the sovereign Lord over all of creation.
      • We, who are as good as you, swear to you, who are no better than us, to accept you as our king and sovereign lord, provided you observe all our liberties and laws.
      • We are called to serve the sovereign Lord as tools in his hand.
      • Political rhetoric aside, Christians know that human freedom cannot bring lasting peace and prosperity - only the sovereign Lord of history can do that.
      • You and I shall become a good team working for the good of our sovereign lord, His Majesty, may he live ten thousand years.
      Synonyms
      royal, regal, monarchal, monarchial, monarchical, kingly, queenly, princely, majestic
  • 2dated attributive Very good or effective.

    a sovereign remedy for all ills
    Example sentencesExamples
    • It is supposed to secure obedience to the slaveholder, and is held as a sovereign remedy among the slaves themselves, for every form of disobedience, temporal or spiritual.
    • Popular belief credits shark liver pills with being a sovereign remedy for illness ranging from arthritis to diabetes.
    • And it was not, in my view, the kind of sovereign remedy that the proponents make it out to be.
    • The writer realised they were weary and had lost heart, so he administers the sovereign remedy for that condition.
    Synonyms
    effective, efficient, powerful, potent, efficacious, effectual

Derivatives

  • sovereignly

  • adverb
    • Traditional Baptists believe that God loves all people in the sense that God wants all people to be saved; Calvinists believe that God has sovereignly predestined that some people will not be saved.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Calvin said that God sovereignly predestined everything that happens in the world.
      • We need to know and proclaim the Triune God, the Lord of the World, who sovereignly calls Man into a relationship of love with himself through the objective propitiation made by Christ.
      • The Baptists' pressing of this vision of a people under a sovereignly free God constituted their true distinctiveness.
      • Did I really believe that God sovereignly saves sinners through the work of the Holy Spirit applying the truth of the Word?

Origin

Middle English: from Old French soverain, based on Latin super 'above'. The change in the ending was due to association with reign.

  • Latin super ‘above’ as in superior was used to form Old French soverain. The ending was then altered in the 15th century so that it looked as if the word was associated with reign. The word was used as a term for a gold coin minted in England from the time of Henry VII to Charles I; it was originally worth 22s. 6d. The sovereign was revived in 1817 with a value of one pound.

 
 

Definition of sovereign in US English:

sovereign

nounˈsɑv(ə)rənˈsäv(ə)rən
  • 1A supreme ruler, especially a monarch.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • He was the 10th monarch to be buried in the precinct of the chapel, with other sovereigns including Henry VIII, Charles I, George III, Edward VII and George V.
    • But in its long history, the British monarchy has survived ignorant, incompetent, debauched and mad sovereigns as well as many ambitious mistresses.
    • The Great Elector was recognised as the sovereign of East Prussia.
    • She immediately rejected proposals that she become sole ruler and, in April 1689, she and William were crowned joint sovereigns of England.
    • Reform everywhere was initiated from above; Enlightenment sovereigns perpetuated the paternalism of the previous century's absolutist princes.
    • For hundreds of years, reigning sovereigns have amassed large quantities of the best paintings, historic artifacts, contemporary master crafts and books, just to name a few, for personal enjoyment and self-aggrandizement.
    • The 19th century saw the early deaths of two more potential heirs, both grandchildren of the reigning sovereign.
    • Not only was she the first American princess of Monaco, Alice was also the first American to marry a reigning sovereign and the first woman with a Jewish background to become the legitimate wife of a reigning sovereign.
    • Members of the House of Hanover continue to seek the British sovereign's approval when they marry, in accordance with the Royal Marriages Act 1772.
    • He professed that the Emperor was the true sovereign of Japan.
    • During his presidency, Federalists lit bonfires and held balls in his honor, carrying over earlier British practices of honoring the birthday of the sovereign.
    • George II was the absolute ruler of a medium-sized German state, Hanover, as well as being the British sovereign.
    • The relay offers an opportunity for millions of people to be directly involved in the games and celebrate the Queen's 50 years as British sovereign.
    • Our early governors-general were British, and they were appointed by the sovereign on the advice of British ministers.
    • Even in the eighteenth century, when he had lost all power, the Mughal emperor was seen as the natural sovereign of Hindustan.
    • Unusually for a British sovereign, George was at ease with intellectuals and country people alike.
    • Supporters have described Mary as one of the most merciful of the Tudor sovereigns.
    • In India, however, she was an empress, a supreme sovereign to whom other sovereigns owed homage.
    • The kowtow was the stumbling block; the foreigners were willing to do only such obeisance to the Chinese emperor as they would do to their own sovereigns.
    • Elsewhere in the chapel lie the remains of other sovereigns, including her father King George VI, the Queen Mother's husband.
    Synonyms
    ruler, monarch, supreme ruler, crown, crowned head, head of state, potentate, suzerain, overlord, dynast, leader
  • 2A former British gold coin worth one pound sterling, now only minted for commemorative purposes.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • When men such as Hudson were parachuted into Yugoslavia with their pockets filled with gold sovereigns in order to pay partisans to attack the Germans, the first thing they had to do on landing was to bury their gold.
    • How can I find the latest prices for Krugerrands and gold sovereigns?
    • A 1oz South African krugerrand costs about €275 and a British sovereign about €110.
    • It was worth a hundred sovereigns and run over two and a half miles.
    • Those savings would be made up of the sovereigns, florins, half-crowns, and the smaller silver he received over the years for his smithy work.
    • However, the married father of two decided not to invest in gold bars or sovereigns, believing better returns were available from the companies that find and mine the precious metal.
    • Anderson had a mysterious habit of paying people in English sovereigns or South African gold coins, which he kept in a locked briefcase.
    • Successive monarchs including the current Elizabeth II have minted gold coins, which also came to be known as sovereigns.
    • She succeeded and kept her prize - a hundred gold sovereigns - waiting for a magnificent reason to spend it.
    • Mary's brother Robert Whittaker, a brazier, stripped to his underwear when the ship struck, and threw away 80 gold sovereigns, the weight of which threatened to drown him.
    • However, there were also crowns, farthings, guineas and sovereigns, all in varying amounts and none really compatible with any of the others.
    • And the liner might have been forgotten had she not been carrying some 10 tons of silver and 5 tons of gold bars, plus many thousands of sovereigns.
    • And there are three different inscriptions used around the edge, which originated as safeguards printed on the first machine-made gold sovereigns in 1662.
    • The bullion then entered the money stock of other countries, as with the British sovereign made of Brazilian gold, or was shipped eastwards to pay for Asian or Baltic imports.
    • Interestingly, had you bought a gold sovereign in 1984 for £300, its value today would be about £200.
    • The jockey, Mr J Bailey, carried 6 stone 12 pounds and the race prize money was 150 sovereigns.
    • The only currency to retain confidence was the gold sovereign, which had been shipped into Greece in large quantities by the British authorities to finance resistance activities.
    • Cargo included gold sovereigns and bales of leather hides.
adjectiveˈsɑv(ə)rənˈsäv(ə)rən
  • 1Possessing supreme or ultimate power.

    in modern democracies the people's will is in theory sovereign
    Example sentencesExamples
    • In 1971 the Icelandic government unilaterally declared that it was henceforth sovereign over the waters up to 50 nautical miles from its coasts.
    • Self-consciousness then began to shape its social world too, a process culminating in the discovery that reason is sovereign over everything.
    • Its governance structure would be bottom-up, power ultimately based on sovereign individuals.
    • We too readily forget, though, that in a republic it is we, the people, who hold the sovereign power.
    • Parliament is sovereign, and, under parliamentary authority, regulation of almost anything can occur.
    • Thus God is entirely sovereign and humans are responsible for their deeds.
    • But this Parliament needs to be quite determined that it finally is sovereign over this country.
    • In this country, the Constitution is sovereign, and the Supreme Court speaks for the Constitution.
    • If the people are the sovereign in today's Russia, then limiting their sovereign power in the name of Russia's sovereignty is absolutely absurd.
    • Those two distinguished judges had held the view that Parliament and not the people was the sovereign power, contrary to the view held by Thomas Paine and the French revolutionaries.
    • From the religious perspective it is God who is sovereign and not the people.
    • In a purely free society, each individual is sovereign over his own person and property.
    • Since God created the heaven and the earth, He must be either, or both, superior to and sovereign over His creation.
    • We, the People, are sovereign over utility lobbyists, and we can have the energy future we want.
    • God tells us in the Bible that He is sovereign over everything, and He demonstrates His sovereignty by performing miracles.
    • How is Jesus of Nazareth related to the God who created all things other than Himself by His almighty, sovereign power?
    • The people are the sovereign source of the Supreme Court's power.
    • If you disagree with this pope on his major doctrines, aren't you really ultimately disagreeing with the sovereign God?
    • Governments, enjoying the full powers of a sovereign Parliament, usually have a different vantage point from the opposition parties.
    • I saw God as He really is - the sovereign, all powerful Potentate.
    Synonyms
    supreme, absolute, unlimited, unrestricted, unrestrained, unbounded, boundless, infinite, ultimate, total, unconditional, full, utter, paramount
    1. 1.1attributive (of a nation or its affairs) acting or done independently and without outside interference.
      a sovereign, democratic republic
      accusations of interference in sovereign affairs
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Are we an independent and sovereign country, or are we still a camouflaged colony of the superpowers?
      • The Solomon Islands is an independent sovereign country.
      • Over ten former Soviet republics became independent, sovereign nation-states by the end of 1991.
      • Even under existing arrangements, the demand within the EU is that sovereign nations submit themselves to intellectual and political uniformity.
      • We will go forward as a unified, independent, and sovereign nation that has regained a respected place in the world.
      • Would any self-respecting sovereign nation accept such blatant intervention in its internal political affairs?
      • It was a sovereign country and a democratic one, and would brook no interference in its internal affairs.
      • But it is not the right of the American government to interfere in the sovereign affairs of another nation.
      • Since 1838, when it declared itself a sovereign nation, Costa Rica has enjoyed an independent existence, which it has zealously maintained.
      • The conclusion is that the EU today is the most extensive economic cooperation project among sovereign nation states.
      • I also recognize that some of the sovereign nations of this assembly disagreed with our actions.
      • As a sovereign nation, we must develop an autonomous defense capacity of our own.
      • How can you be a sovereign nation while your country is occupied by the military of another nation?
      • Our borders need protecting, like any sovereign nation.
      • In theory, a member state can opt out of the EU at any time, reverting to its status as a sovereign nation outside of the EU framework.
      • On the other hand, he has an understanding of the interdependence of sovereign nations in a global economy.
      • However, the mission marks another dramatic shift away from a general policy of non-intervention in the affairs of sovereign nations.
      • They do not seem to have this problem with the Republic of Ireland, a sovereign nation which is miles ahead of Scotland in national identity and national global branding and marketing.
      • We're an independent sovereign country and that's very important to Monaco.
      • We can also wage war by being sure to vote and use the democratic system that makes sovereign nations great.
      Synonyms
      independent, self-governing, autonomous, self-determining, self-legislating
    2. 1.2literary, archaic attributive Possessing royal power and status.
      our most sovereign lord the King
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Political rhetoric aside, Christians know that human freedom cannot bring lasting peace and prosperity - only the sovereign Lord of history can do that.
      • We are called to serve the sovereign Lord as tools in his hand.
      • Proclaim him as the sovereign Lord over all of creation.
      • You and I shall become a good team working for the good of our sovereign lord, His Majesty, may he live ten thousand years.
      • We, who are as good as you, swear to you, who are no better than us, to accept you as our king and sovereign lord, provided you observe all our liberties and laws.
      Synonyms
      royal, regal, monarchal, monarchial, monarchical, kingly, queenly, princely, majestic
    3. 1.3dated attributive Very good or effective.
      a sovereign remedy for all ills
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Popular belief credits shark liver pills with being a sovereign remedy for illness ranging from arthritis to diabetes.
      • And it was not, in my view, the kind of sovereign remedy that the proponents make it out to be.
      • The writer realised they were weary and had lost heart, so he administers the sovereign remedy for that condition.
      • It is supposed to secure obedience to the slaveholder, and is held as a sovereign remedy among the slaves themselves, for every form of disobedience, temporal or spiritual.
      Synonyms
      effective, efficient, powerful, potent, efficacious, effectual

Origin

Middle English: from Old French soverain, based on Latin super ‘above’. The change in the ending was due to association with reign.

 
 
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