Definition of bivalent in English:
bivalent
adjective bʌɪˈveɪl(ə)ntbaɪˈveɪlənt
1Biology
(of homologous chromosomes) associated in pairs.
Example sentencesExamples
- A bivalent B chromosome was removed directly from a pachytene slide by a micromanipulator.
- Slides containing F 2 worms were screened for the presence of worms with diakinesis nuclei exhibiting more than six chromatin masses (indicating failure in bivalent formation).
- If chromosomes 1 and 2 are genetically more identical, as are chromosomes 3 and 4, there are three different combinations for the bivalent chromosome pairing.
- Note that the bivalent sex chromosome remaining in the vicinity of the equator appears to be oriented to the poles.
- Because only homologous chromosomes pair, allopolyploids strictly exhibit bivalent formation (two chromosomes pair) at meiosis and undergo disomic inheritance for each locus.
2Chemistry
another term for divalent
Example sentencesExamples
- The bivalent cations were slightly increased as well as chloride and phosphate.
- Using strips of sister holograms from one slide, we made a range of measurements of various mono- and bivalent ions.
- It causes the cell wall to become rigid by blocking free carboxyl groups that interact with bivalent ions like Ca 2 +.
- The surface of BR is bound with bivalent metal cations, charge amino acids and polar phospholipids to form an asymmetrical distribution of charges on the membrane surface.
- A comparison of the effect of monovalent counterions and bivalent counterions is a subject of our future work.
noun bʌɪˈveɪl(ə)ntbaɪˈveɪlənt
Biology A pair of homologous chromosomes.
Example sentencesExamples
- Three properties of meiotic chromosomes act to form a bivalent that will undergo proper reductional division.
- On average, each double-crossover bivalent produces one double-crossover chromosome (of four) in the absence of chromatid interference.
- An additional line drawing to the side depicts the spatial arrangement of the bivalent corresponding to LG - 02 and the FISH signals associated therewith.
- However, no investigation has been made into whether homologous chromosome pairs or bivalents with altered patterns of recombination events may also be at increased risk for nondisjunction in mammals other than humans.
- True non-disjunction as a mechanism causing aneuploidy was separately assessed when a bivalent was found in a set of metaphase II chromosomes.
Origin
Mid 19th century: from bi- 'two' + Latin valent- 'being strong' (from the verb valere).
Definition of bivalent in US English:
bivalent
adjectivebaɪˈveɪləntbīˈvālənt
1Biology
(of homologous chromosomes) associated in pairs.
Example sentencesExamples
- A bivalent B chromosome was removed directly from a pachytene slide by a micromanipulator.
- Note that the bivalent sex chromosome remaining in the vicinity of the equator appears to be oriented to the poles.
- Because only homologous chromosomes pair, allopolyploids strictly exhibit bivalent formation (two chromosomes pair) at meiosis and undergo disomic inheritance for each locus.
- Slides containing F 2 worms were screened for the presence of worms with diakinesis nuclei exhibiting more than six chromatin masses (indicating failure in bivalent formation).
- If chromosomes 1 and 2 are genetically more identical, as are chromosomes 3 and 4, there are three different combinations for the bivalent chromosome pairing.
2Chemistry
another term for divalent
Example sentencesExamples
- The bivalent cations were slightly increased as well as chloride and phosphate.
- A comparison of the effect of monovalent counterions and bivalent counterions is a subject of our future work.
- It causes the cell wall to become rigid by blocking free carboxyl groups that interact with bivalent ions like Ca 2 +.
- Using strips of sister holograms from one slide, we made a range of measurements of various mono- and bivalent ions.
- The surface of BR is bound with bivalent metal cations, charge amino acids and polar phospholipids to form an asymmetrical distribution of charges on the membrane surface.
nounbaɪˈveɪləntbīˈvālənt
Biology A pair of homologous chromosomes.
Example sentencesExamples
- However, no investigation has been made into whether homologous chromosome pairs or bivalents with altered patterns of recombination events may also be at increased risk for nondisjunction in mammals other than humans.
- An additional line drawing to the side depicts the spatial arrangement of the bivalent corresponding to LG - 02 and the FISH signals associated therewith.
- Three properties of meiotic chromosomes act to form a bivalent that will undergo proper reductional division.
- On average, each double-crossover bivalent produces one double-crossover chromosome (of four) in the absence of chromatid interference.
- True non-disjunction as a mechanism causing aneuploidy was separately assessed when a bivalent was found in a set of metaphase II chromosomes.
Origin
Mid 19th century: from bi- ‘two’ + Latin valent- ‘being strong’ (from the verb valere).