The segment anterior to and partly surrounding the petiole of hymenopterans.
The propodeum appears to be the posterior part of the thorax but it is, in origin, the first segment of the abdomen..
Origin
Mid 19th century; earliest use found in Edward Newman (1801–1876), naturalist. From pro- + ancient Greek ποδεών neck or mouth of a wineskin, or of the bladder, any narrow end.