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单词 dog
释义

dog

/dɒɡ /
noun
1A domesticated carnivorous mammal that typically has a long snout, an acute sense of smell, non-retractile claws, and a barking, howling, or whining voice.
  • Canis familiaris, family Canidae (the dog family); probably domesticated from the wolf in the Mesolithic period. The dog family also includes the wolves, coyotes, jackals, and foxes.
‘All dogs have an intense sense of smell, and every dog likes to sniff,’ Smith said....
  • Her size makes it impractical to use her as a patrol dog, but her sense of smell is so keen she can detect even trace amounts of drugs.
  • Domesticated dogs arose from wolves that somehow became accustomed to living among people.

Synonyms

hound, canine, mongrel, cur, tyke;
male dog;
bitch, pup, puppy, whelp
informal doggy, pooch, mutt
Australian informal mong, bitzer
1.1A wild animal of the dog family.We watched the wild cats and dogs frolicking in the winter sunlight....
  • Teufel-hunden were originally known as the wild, ferocious mountain dogs of Bavarian folklore.
  • In most mammals, adult play is rare, but it is common in dolphins, members of the dog family, great apes and, of course, humans.
1.2The male of an animal of the dog family, or of some other mammals such as the otter: [as modifier]: a dog fox...
  • The male dog otter measured 41.5 inches in length with a girth of 26 inches.
  • A male, or dog, otter can range over six to eight miles, far further than a female.
  • A member of the waterworks department shot a fine dog otter on the lower Rivington reservoir.
1.3 (the dogs) British informal Greyhound racing: a night at the dogs...
  • People went to football in the afternoon, went to the dogs in the evening and took the train home.
2 informal An unpleasant, contemptible, or wicked man: he was interrupted by cries of ‘dirty dog!’ come out, Michael, you dog!...
  • By the way, you can keep the pun you wretched journalistic dogs.
2.1 [with adjective] dated Used to refer to a person of a specified kind in a tone of playful reproof, commiseration, or congratulation: your historian is a dull dog you lucky dog!...
  • He got up with his hand wrapped around her little waist… that lucky dog!
  • If that next race is the bottom of the new grade, this lucky dog might have a chance of stumbling into the money again.
  • It's true - I'm a lucky dog.
2.2Used to refer to someone who is abject or miserable, especially because they have been treated harshly: I make him work like a dog Rab was treated like a dog...
  • The schools are good so there's no need to work like a dog to pay school fees.
  • Do you think this helps explain why today's corporate bosses are treating American workers like dogs?
  • They were treated as dogs, they were hungry, and the goddess of justice refused to review their plight.
2.3 informal, offensive An unattractive woman.
2.4Australian /NZ informal An informer or traitor: one day she’s going to turn dog on you
2.5 informal, chiefly North American A thing of poor quality: a dog of a film...
  • Move too early, and you might end up backing a dog of a technology.
  • If he understands that it's a dog of a deal, why do you think he'd consider supporting it?
  • With a lead clenched less than firmly in his sweaty palm, he then contrived to play a dog of a game in the middle of the second set.
2.6 informal A horse that is slow or difficult to handle.
3Used in names of dogfishes, e.g. sandy dog, spur-dog.
4A mechanical device for gripping.The firm have been making grips for years and these dogs here felt so soft and comfortable.
5 (dogs) North American informal Feet.
6 (dogs) Horse Racing, US Barriers used to keep horses off a particular part of the track.
verb (dogs, dogging, dogged) [with object]
1Follow (someone) closely and persistently: photographers seemed to dog her every step...
  • When you have a leader of his passion and effectiveness, you have a media that's very much tracking him and dogging him and trying to find what they can about him.
  • He laughs about how the police are still - and probably forever - on his tail, even dogging him on his recent US book tour.
  • Since Sally was the only member of the group who would acknowledge Yap's existence, the little gnome dogged her every step, chattering excitedly.

Synonyms

pursue, follow, stalk, track, trail, shadow, hound;
plague, beset, bedevil, assail, beleaguer, blight, trouble, torment, haunt
informal tail
1.1(Of a problem) cause continual trouble for: the twenty-nine-year-old has constantly been dogged by controversy...
  • For the last 5-1/2 years this process has been dogged by problem after problem.
  • The school - which has a police officer stationed on site - has been on special measures for five years and has been dogged by problems.
  • The system has been dogged with problems since it came on line in 1999.
2 (dog it) informal, chiefly North American Act lazily; fail to try one’s hardest: Eric had a reputation for dogging it a little...
  • He entered the season with a reputation for dogging it when he wasn't the primary receiver.
  • He loved the game and didn't mind ragging on the players when they were dogging it.
  • The Americans actually were dogging it late in the third as the Germans led 67-65, but Pierce sank a 10-spot on their heads as a part of a 12-0 run to close the quarter.
3Grip (something) with a mechanical device: [with object and complement]: she has dogged the door shut...
  • Its convex shape and dogging mechanism made it look as though it were an enlarged part of a submarine, scavenged from some terrestrial scrap yard and grafted onto the bulkhead.
  • There was a muted boom as the Captain closed and dogged the ships inner lock shut behind us.
  • She places the child inside the engineering space before stepping through herself and dogging the hatch behind her.

Phrases

dog and bone

dog-and-pony show

dog eat dog

a dog's age

dogs bark, but the caravans move on

the dog's bollocks

a dog's dinner (or breakfast)

a dog's life

the dogs of war

dressed (up) like a dog's dinner

every dog has his (or its) day

give a dog a bad name and hang him

go to the dogs

like a dog with two tails

not a dog's chance

put on the dog

throw someone to the dogs

you can't teach an old dog new tricks

why keep a dog and bark yourself?

Derivatives

doglike

/ˈdɒɡlʌɪk / adjective ...
  • Today the slender doglike creatures with pointy ears and bushy tails can be found in every state except Hawaii.
  • Somewhat doglike in appearance, he had greyish-brown fur, a short, boxy muzzle, and a tiny stub of a tail, but also had long, pointy ears, a small button nose, and royal blue hair on his head.
  • He snarled, showing off his doglike fangs in a rage.

Origin

Old English docga, of unknown origin.

  • The word dog appears only once in surviving Old English literature, and until the Middle Ages hound was the ordinary word for a dog. The low status of dogs is shown by phrases like a dog's life, not have a dog's chance, and to treat someone like a dog. For something to go to the dogs is certainly undesirable, but even such luckless animals might sometimes get hold of a tasty treat or a warm bed, for every dog has its day. Dogs can be savage, and dog eat dog signifies a situation of fierce competition. This rather chillingly makes reference to, and reverses, the proverb dog does not eat dog, which dates back to the mid 16th century in English and has a precursor in Latin canis caninam non est, ‘a dog does not eat dog's flesh’. Every dog is allowed one bite is based on the rule, probably dating from the 17th century, by which an animal's owner was not liable for harm done by it unless he knew of its vicious tendencies. A dog in the manger, ‘a person inclined to prevent others having or using things that they do not want or need themselves’, derives from a fable in which a dog lies in a manger to prevent the ox and horse from eating hay. People have invoked the idea since the 16th century. A change in the status of dogs is found in the idea of the dog being man's best friend, which seems to be a Victorian one, a change emphasized by love me, love my dog. See also bollock, canary, dinner, hair, havoc

Rhymes

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更新时间:2025/1/24 6:30:29