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单词 run
释义

run

/rʌn /
verb (runs, running; past ran /ran/; past participle run)
1 [no object] Move at a speed faster than a walk, never having both or all the feet on the ground at the same time: the dog ran across the road she ran the last few yards, breathing heavily he hasn’t paid for his drinks—run and catch him...
  • He rushed downstairs in his bare feet and ran outside on to the snowy street.
  • Jobs used to be more physical and kids walked to school and ran about outside rather than playing on computers.
  • The way the cars are parked, there's only inches either side of you and you're worrying in case a child or a dog comes running out from between the cars.

Synonyms

sprint, race, dart, rush, dash, hasten, hurry, scurry, scuttle, scamper, hare, bolt, bound, fly, gallop, career, charge, pound, shoot, hurtle, speed, streak, whizz, zoom, sweep, go like lightning, go hell for leather, go like the wind, flash, double;
jog, lope, trot, jogtrot, dogtrot
informal tear, pelt, scoot, hotfoot it, leg it, belt, zip, whip, go like a bat out of hell, step on it, get a move on, get cracking, put on some speed, stir one's stumps
British informal hop it, bomb
North American informal boogie, hightail it, barrel, get the lead out
informal, dated cut along
archaic post, hie
1.1Run as a sport or for exercise: I run every morning...
  • John was also a keen judo exponent but he injured his knee and could not keep fit by running.
  • All of Campbell's children are involved in sport and it was they who persuaded him to start running while on holiday three years ago.
  • Boxers normally exercise, run and spend hours in the sauna to lose weight.
1.2(Of an athlete or a racehorse) compete in a race: she ran in the 200 metres [with object]: Dave has run 42 marathons...
  • The British athlete ran a personal best to win the 400m and gain a one point lead over his rivals.
  • Athletes must run three of the four races to qualify for overall prize.
  • Spanish athlete Morta Dominguez ran superbly to take the silver ahead of Ethiopia's Ayelech Worko who won the bronze.

Synonyms

compete, take part, participate;
enter, be in
1.3 [with object] Enter (a racehorse) for a race: I’m hoping to run him in the Portland Handicap...
  • Willie Mullins runs Rule Supreme in today's Ladbrokes' World Hurdle, but has also left him in the Gold Cup.
  • Dermot Weld has won the race five times, most recently with Refuse To Bend two years ago, and he runs Elusive Double in the same colours.
  • Any trainer who wants to run a horse in any race must log that entry with Weatherbys.
1.4 Cricket (Of a batsman) run from one wicket to the other in scoring or attempting to score a run.Lineker and Cooper held the run rate to three per over, while the batsmen ran very well between the wickets, keeping pressure on the fielders....
  • The last ball of the over was hit in the air - the batsmen ran - the fielder dropped it!
  • He ran excellently between the wickets as well, especially in the last few overs.
1.5 [with object] West Indian Chase (someone) away: Ah went tuh eat the mangoes but the people run mih
1.6(Of a boat) sail straight and fast directly before the wind: we slanted across to the far bank and ran before the wind...
  • The wind blew from the north and the ship ran swiftly before the wind.
1.7(Of a migratory fish) go upriver from the sea in order to spawn.This means that when the fish are running (right now in May and June for instance) there is a heavy demand for guides....
  • Beats higher up the river are often more prolific this late in the season with fish running hard to the middle and upper stretches.
  • There are still fresh spring fish running, and the grilse are beginning to arrive in numbers, with a lot of small fish among them.
2Pass or cause to pass quickly in a particular direction: [no object, with adverbial of direction]: the rumour ran through the pack of photographers [with object and adverbial of direction]: Helen ran her fingers through her hair...
  • As he passed the bed, he ran his fingers along the silk embroidered bedspread.
  • Colin reached out a finger and ran it down her bare back.
  • He ran his finger down Amber's arm sending a chill down her spine.

Synonyms

go, pass, move, travel;
roll, coast
cast, pass, skim, flick, slide
2.1 [no object] Move about in a hurried and hectic way: I’ve spent the whole day running round after the kids...
  • The filming schedule was so hectic and she was running from shoot to shoot.
  • Most people seemed to be either arguing with each other over what to buy who, or frantically running round desperate to find things to buy.
  • The world is a dangerous enough place now without letting idiots run round with explosives.
2.2Move or cause to move forcefully or with a particular result: [no object, with adverbial of direction]: the tanker ran aground off the Shetlands [with object and adverbial of direction]: a woman ran a pushchair into the back of my legs...
  • It was the Exxon Valdez which ran aground on the Alaskan coast in 1989 spilling 40 million litres of crude oil.
  • Scientists believe it ran aground on the estuary's treacherous sandbanks and capsized with 50 or 60 hands on deck.
  • The tanker ran aground on the eastern-most island in the Galpagos group.
2.3 [with object] informal Fail to stop at (a red traffic light): cameras triggered by cars running red lights at intersections...
  • Then one night two years ago, Aaron was driving one of their friends home from their house when a drunk driver ran a stop light and hit the car.
  • Two young men on a motorcycle were stopped for running a red light on Pattaya Central Road.
  • Some 220 of the fatal accidents were caused by people running red lights or stop signs.
2.4 [with object] chiefly North American Navigate (rapids or a waterfall) in a boat: the boats were preparing to run the big rapids...
  • Ten boats, each manned by two skilled operators with up to eight passengers, can be hired to run the rapids.
  • In short, he has both the strength and skill to run any whitewater that's runnable.
  • The other trainees ran the rapid again and again; I pitched a tent and crawled into my sleeping bag.
3(With reference to a liquid) flow or cause to flow: [no object, with adverbial of direction]: a small river runs into the sea at one side of the castle [with object]: she ran cold water into a basin...
  • This is not like the tsunami, or normal floods, where the water runs back into the sea when it's done.
  • Cold water ran from the faucet as he washed his face in an attempt to wake up.
  • Even our garden is getting wet and there is nowhere for the water to run.

Synonyms

flow, pour, stream, gush, flood, glide, cascade, spurt, jet, issue;
roll, course, slide, spill, trickle, seep, drip, dribble, leak
British informal sloosh
3.1 [with object] Cause water to flow over: I ran my hands under the tap...
  • I marched over to the sink, turned on the lukewarm water and ran my arms under it.
  • If you run it under hot water you will also find that when you leave it to dry in the cutlery drainer it will dry off quicker and have fewer streaks.
  • I rip the lid off the bottle of shampoo and run it under the water to try and get the last drop out.
3.2 [with object] Fill (a bath) with water: [with two objects]: I’ll run you a nice hot bath...
  • I wandered into the bathroom and began to run the bath, filling it with hot water.
  • Back in the sanctuary of my dimly-lit rooms I ran the bath, stripped off and sank into the water.
  • Giles said he was running a bath and it had almost overflowed.
3.3 [no object] (run with) Be covered or streaming with (a liquid): his face was running with sweat...
  • Tin shanties litter the backyards of the more formal brick housing, rows of chemical toilets stand outside homes, and the untarred roads run with streams of filthy water.
  • For some two hours, we drove on rutted gravel running with rainwater.
  • He collapsed onto the bed, his face running with sweat.

Synonyms

stream with, drip with, be covered with, be wet with;
be flooded by
3.4 [no object] Emit or exude a liquid: she was weeping and her nose was running...
  • About a half hour later, my nose started running.
  • A few minutes later, my nose is running, I'm sneezing and coughing, and there are sharp pains behind my eyes.
  • His head aches, he feels dizzy and nauseous, and his nose won't stop running.

Synonyms

stream, drip, exude/secrete/ooze liquid
3.5 [no object] (Of a solid substance) melt and become fluid: it was so hot that the butter ran...
  • Her black mascara was running and she knew she looked horrible.
3.6 [no object] (Of the sea, the tide, or a river) rise higher or flow more quickly: there was still a heavy sea running...
  • The base of the cliff is heavily undercut, so you certainly do not want to be here on a stormy day or when a full spring ebb tide is running.
  • If the tide is running, a large shoal of bib will probably be holding position here against the current that surges through beneath the wreck.
  • The bottom was barely visible in the gloom and there was a reasonable tide running.
3.7 [no object] (Of dye or colour in fabric or paper) dissolve and spread when the fabric or paper becomes wet: the red dye ran when the socks were washed...
  • Their dye never ran, which is what made all their products sought after.
  • Dry-cleaning also prevents the common problem of the dye bleeding and running.
  • I thought that I had prewashed out all the excess dye but it ran anyway.
4Extend or cause to extend in a particular direction: [no object, with adverbial of direction]: cobbled streets run down to a tiny harbour [with object and adverbial of direction]: he ran a wire under the carpet...
  • St James's Street runs uphill from Pall Mall and the Palace to Piccadilly.
  • Taxis will be diverted to Wigmore Street, which runs parallel to Oxford Street.
  • The last time I had been there, Church Street, which runs north and south, had been a broad and busy avenue.

Synonyms

extend, stretch, reach, range, continue, go
4.1 [no object] chiefly North American (Of a stocking or pair of tights) develop a ladder.
5 [no object] (Of a bus, train, ferry, or other form of transport) make a regular journey on a particular route: buses run into town every half hour...
  • On New Year's Eve, normal buses stop running around 7pm and trains at around 8pm.
  • The bus runs between Erith town centre and Trafalgar Square.
  • Buses ran between Doncaster and Peterborough to reduce overcrowding on trains.

Synonyms

travel, ply, shuttle, go, make a regular journey
5.1 [with object] Put (a form of public transport) in service: the group is drawing up plans to run trains on key routes...
  • A villager has criticised the rail service which runs trains to and from his rural community, claiming the transport needs of people living in the countryside are being ignored.
  • As well as the Manchester Airport services, it runs trains from Liverpool to Hull and Newcastle and Manchester Piccadilly to Cleethorpes.
  • The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Dutch state-owned NS train operator, which runs the majority of services in the Netherlands.
5.2 [with object and adverbial of direction] Take (someone) somewhere in a car: I’ll run you home...
  • First Buses, which runs children to and from Prince Henry's Grammar School, says the school's tough discipline policy makes life easier for its drivers.
  • I feel sorry for her, as she spends all her time running me to classes.
  • Here's my car ... can I run you home?

Synonyms

drive, give someone a lift, take, bring, ferry, chauffeur;
transport, convey
6 [with object] Be in charge of; manage: Andrea runs her own catering business (as adjective, in combination -run) an attractive family-run hotel...
  • Christine returned to Dawson Fold to help her father manage the farm and run the shop.
  • From that time he has managed and run his business from Hong Kong where his principal activity is in shipping.
  • Currently Mr Gutman is running the firm by himself, but he hopes to have employed several staff members in the next couple of years.

Synonyms

be in charge of, manage, administer, direct, control, be in control of, be the boss of, boss, head, lead, govern, supervise, superintend, oversee, look after, organize, coordinate, regulate;
operate, conduct, carry on, own;
preside over, officiate at
6.1 [no object, with adverbial] (Of a system, organization, or plan) operate or proceed in a particular way: everything’s running according to plan...
  • His job was to ensure the company's IT system ran smoothly.
  • If your investment plan is running smoothly, you probably don't have to fiddle with it.
  • If the world economy were running smoothly then it would not be a serious problem.
6.2Organize, implement, or carry out: we decided to run a series of seminars...
  • We contacted a doctor who ran a series of tests on Erin at his office.
  • Bexley Centre for the Unemployed is running a free course in food hygiene in the Boys Brigade hall next to Christ Church in Bexleyheath Broadway.
  • GM currently is running a pilot program in Brazil and investigating plans for Australia and Japan.

Synonyms

carry out, do, perform, fulfil, execute
6.3Own, maintain, and use (a vehicle): he could no longer afford to run a car...
  • With servicing and maintenance paid for in advance, the cost of running the vehicle each year becomes much more predictable.
  • Transport, our biggest expense, includes buying and running a vehicle, plus fares for public transport.
  • Drivers are also concerned at the rising cost of running their vehicles.

Synonyms

maintain, keep, own, possess, have, drive
7Be in or cause to be in operation; function or cause to function: [no object]: the car runs on unleaded fuel [with object]: the modem must be run off a mains transformer...
  • Schumacher managed to keep the engine running after the collision.
  • While the hospital runs off a generator, kindergartens have no generators or power.
  • Do not run your auto in the garage, not even to warm it up.

Synonyms

operate, function, work, go, be in operation;
tick over, idle;
perform, behave
7.1Move or cause to move between the spools of a recording machine: [with object]: I ran the tape back...
  • When the show aired, I recorded it onto a 3/4" videotape and I don't think I've run the tape since that night.
  • Brendan ran the tape back a few inches, turned the VCR on again and watched the girls at work a second time.
8 [no object] Continue or be valid or operative for a particular period of time: the course ran for two days this particular debate will run and run...
  • There was a similar operation last year which ran for a short period of time.
  • The scheme ran for a period of 5 years and at the end of this period the properties were sold.
  • He was the grumpy old hero of One Foot in the Grave, a TV sit-com that ran for ten years and seized the hearts and minds of his fans all over the Kingdom.

Synonyms

be valid, last, be in effect, operate, be in operation, be operative, be current, continue, be effective, have force, have effect
8.1 [with adverbial or complement] Happen or arrive at the specified time: the programme was running fifteen minutes late...
  • All the sentences will run concurrently, giving him a total of three months behind bars.
  • He was given two years for grievous bodily harm and 28 days for the drug offence, the sentences to run concurrently.
  • Francis was jailed for nine years for the first attack and 15 for the second, the sentences to run concurrently.
8.2(Of a play or exhibition) be staged or presented: the play ran at Stratford last year...
  • The play runs until Saturday, October 23, in Studio 2, with performances each evening at 7.45 pm.
  • The panto runs from Wednesday to Friday at 7.15 pm with Saturday matinees at 2pm and 6pm.
  • The play runs from Monday to the following Saturday at 7.30 pm with a Saturday matinee at 2.30 pm.

Synonyms

be staged, be presented, be performed, be on, be put on, be produced;
be mounted;
be screened;
last
9 [no object] Pass into or reach a specified state or level: inflation is running at 11 per cent [with complement]: the decision ran counter to previous government commitments...
  • Analysts said the stocks were settling to more sustainable levels after running too far ahead recently.
  • And that agenda runs entirely counter to what I feel a lot of Mainers think they're voting for when they vote for these people.
  • But this sentiment runs completely counter to the intent of the U.S. Constitution.
10 [no object] (run in) (Of a quality, trait, or condition) be common or inherent in members of (a family), especially over several generations: weight problems run in my family...
  • Artistic ability runs in the family - in 1974 Sarah won the same competition.
  • If athletic prowess runs in the Stewart family, however, so does dedication.
  • Madeleine's mum Rowena says her daughter's love of books runs in the family.

Synonyms

be common in, be frequently found in, be inherent in
11 [no object] Stand as a candidate in an election: he announced that he intended to run for President...
  • In 1996, he ran as a candidate in Western Canadian provincial and civic elections.
  • Burton, a civil rights lawyer in Los Angeles, ran as a candidate in Tuesday's election.
  • Collier ran unsuccessfully for the Upper House at the last election.

Synonyms

stand for, stand for election as, stand as a candidate for, be a contender for, put oneself forward for, put oneself up for
11.1 [with object] (Especially of a political party) sponsor (a candidate) in an election: they ran their first independent candidate at the Bromley by-election...
  • In fact, six opposition parties ran candidates (although three pulled out at the last minute).
  • If the party chooses to run only two candidates, it is certain they will come from either side of the constituency.
  • Te party wants to run two candidates with a national profile.
12Publish or be published in a newspaper or magazine: [with object]: the tabloid press ran the story [no object]: when the story ran, there was a big to-do...
  • Tabloid newspapers are running lurid accounts of his battle with cancer.
  • A fortnight ago, this very newspaper ran the story about Livingston's financial plight.
  • Recently, Vancouver's Province newspaper ran a story that took me completely by surprise.

Synonyms

publish, print, feature, carry, put out, release, issue
12.1 [no object] (Of a saying, argument, piece of writing, etc.) have a specified wording: ‘Tapestries slashed!’ ran the dramatic headline...
  • The very first paragraph of my book The Truth about Writing runs as follows.
  • There's an old saying that runs along the lines of ‘no publicity is bad publicity’.
  • CD copying is not just illegal, runs the argument, but immoral.
13 [with object] Bring (goods) into a country illegally and secretly; smuggle: they run drugs for the cocaine cartels...
  • When she took them to the man she was running the drugs for, he told her to give one package to an Australian girl.
  • Known as ‘tunnel rats’, they run drugs for the cocaine cartels.
  • Greene began building a drug empire, using Spain as a staging post to run drugs into Europe from north Africa.

Synonyms

smuggle, traffic in, deal in
14 [with two objects] North American Cost (someone) (a specified amount): a new photocopier will run us about $1,300...
  • He wants Malone to reimburse him for the cost of the ticket, which he says ran him $25,000.
  • With a drink or two and dessert, a complete dinner for two, including appetizer and entrée, will run you in the neighborhood of $100.
  • The food here at the ski village is exactly what you would expect … several pub houses, your basic fast food chains, and upper class joints that can run you up to $100 for two.
15West Indian Provide: the wait-and-see game continues until the government runs some ready cash
15.1Provide pasture for (sheep or cattle); raise (livestock): they ran sheep and cattle...
  • My wife has been running cattle for 35 years.
  • Don Armstrong runs sheep at Yalda Downs in outback New South Wales.
  • Linn Blancett and his wife, Tweeti, have been running cattle here for much of their lives.
noun
1An act or spell of running: I usually go for a run in the morning a cross-country run...
  • He also recalls cross-country runs around the very wet and muddy field where the supermarket now stands, and which he thinks the school owned.
  • She will have to do cross-country runs and swim in the outdoor pool.
  • Everyone, however, must do the dreaded cross-country runs.

Synonyms

sprint, race, dash, gallop, rush, spurt;
jog, trot
1.1A running pace: Rory set off at a run...
  • They looked at each other and set off at a run, the girl trailing behind them, and the boy behind her.
  • He hit the ground at a run, not even pausing to pick his backpack up from where he had dropped it in the dirt.
  • Jake scrambled downstairs at a run and launched himself at Jonathan with a cry of joy.
1.2An annual mass migration of fish up or down a river: the annual salmon runs...
  • Fish runs attract pinnipeds, which attract great whites.
  • Crowds of people and predators greet the arrival of many fish spawning runs.
  • Maritz said shad runs were unlike the annual sardine run, where the smaller fish were trapped between warm currents and the land.
2A journey accomplished or route taken by a vehicle, aircraft, or boat, especially on a regular basis: the London-Liverpool run...
  • The problem of vehicles on the school run jamming up roads was being discussed by councillors this afternoon.
  • Most of those who pass it will do so habitually: commuters going in and out of the city, commercial drivers doing regular runs from one depot or customer to another.
  • Is your school run part of your journey to work or do you need a second journey for it?

Synonyms

route, way, course, journey;
circuit, round, beat
2.1A short excursion made in a car: we could take a run out to the country...
  • As it's been such a nice day, after having had lunch at Blairmains this afternoon I thought it would be nice to go for a run in the car, so we headed off northwards to Callander, where we had a nice walk around and some ice cream in the sunshine.
  • We went for a run in the car and ended up in Bundoran so we went bowling.
  • Yesterday, Val came for lunch and then we went for a run out to Milngavie to the Garden Centre and came home laden with purple and yellow primulas for the balcony.

Synonyms

drive, ride, turn;
trip, excursion, outing, jaunt, short journey, airing
informal spin, joyride, tootle
Scottish informal hurl
2.2The distance covered in a specified period, especially by a ship: a record run of 398 miles from noon to noon...
  • With following winds reaching 42 knots we surfed up Clarence Strait, across Sumner Strait and didn't have headwinds until the last few miles into tiny Louise Cove on Kuiu Island, a day's run of 110 miles.
2.3A short flight made by an aircraft on a straight and even course at a constant speed before or while dropping bombs: bombing runs by B52s...
  • This was now a critical phase of the bomb run and a time when the formation was most vulnerable.
  • One day we were in a position in the formation where it was logical for the copilot to fly the bomb run.
  • They were now going to make a desperate run towards their target, bomb it, and get the hell out.
3An opportunity or attempt to achieve something: their absence means the Russians will have a clear run at the title...
  • We are trying to win every game but we will continue to give as many lads a run as possible and we'll continue to experiment as much as we can.
  • As we are currently holding second place in the Eastern Centre Championship, we are hoping to have a good run at this one to see if we can overtake the current holder of this title.
  • At least that way we could pick up on points that we have learned in the first year and have a good run at developing the project further over two, three, four or five years.
3.1A preliminary test of a procedure or system: if you are styling your hair yourself, have a practice run...
  • Several test runs are being done before the formal opening.
  • Some of the more impressive test runs can be seen in these videos from Georgia Tech and Stanford University.
  • It was a little project that he had been working on, and he figured it was time to give the pen a test run.
3.2An attempt to secure election to political office: his run for the Republican nomination...
  • Although this is his first run for elected office, Nolla is not a political novice.
  • The obvious consequence is that only people with money or with access to money can make serious runs for public office.
  • He firmly denied any suggestion that he had struck a deal in return for giving his fellow Right-winger the prospect of a clear run.
4A continuous spell of a particular situation or condition: he’s had a run of bad luck...
  • Leah tells Dan that she can't believe her current run of bad luck.
  • In the midst of this current run of bad form, some things haven't changed of course.
  • We sat in the living room one night, talking about our run of bad luck and neither of us said it but we knew.

Synonyms

period, spell, stretch, spate, bout;
patch, interval, time;
series, succession, sequence, string, chain, streak
4.1A continuous series of performances: the play had a long run in the West End...
  • Palace are three points adrift at the bottom on a run of five defeats, but Dowie insists the league table should be no shock.
  • Gaelic Players Chicago and Tara Theatre Company, Winnipeg, have had sellout runs with the play over the past twelve months and Westport Drama Group became the first Irish group to stage the play last April.
  • Still, they both extended their unbeaten runs to five matches.
4.2A quantity or amount of something produced at one time: a production run of only 150 cars...
  • This is not too bad when the number of components is relatively small, or the production runs are relatively large.
  • We do not know what their production runs were, but this is stuff you can keep.
  • On the other hand, he says, the production runs tie up money.
4.3A continuous stretch or length of something: long runs of copper piping...
  • A good long run of CW1308 cable can be used for ADSL; 50m can typically be easily achieved without any noticeable degradation.
  • Place a separate order for each run of cable needed.
  • Wire adjusters are a means of shortening or extending the length of the wires that run out to the signals, because changes in the weather can have a substantial effect on a long run of wire.
4.4A rapid series of musical notes forming a scale.His voice retains its evenness in all registers, and he cleanly articulates Vivaldi's most difficult runs and fioriture....
  • The first movement moves to a too-stately tread, although the 16th note runs are light enough.
  • His tone and legato playing are ravishing, and his execution of the composer's florid runs and other figurations is smooth.
4.5A sequence of cards of the same suit.The commonest type is a run, or unbroken sequence of cards in a suit....
  • As in most rummy games, the possible melds are sets of equal cards and runs of consecutive cards in the same suit.
  • The player must specify (if it is not clear) whether the meld is a run or a set, the rank of the set, and the rank and suit of a run.
5 (a run on) A widespread and sudden demand for (a commodity) or a widespread trading in (a currency): there’s been a big run on nostalgia toys this year...
  • Two years back this newspaper carried a story suggesting a serious run on the dollar was becoming a distinct possibility.
  • The threat of disruptions in gasoline supply due to Hurricane Ike sparked a run on gas last Thursday and Friday.
  • Nervous motorists start stockpiling fuel, causing a run on petrol, which in turn sparks yet more panic buying.
5.1A sudden demand for repayment from (a bank) made by a large number of lenders: growing nervousness among investors led to a run on some banks...
  • The participants called for the formulation of guidelines for journalists to prevent them from publishing alarming stories that contribute to runs on commercial banks.
  • Uruguay floated its currency late last month following a run on banks and a plunge in foreign reserves.
  • The merchant community organized a run on the banks, and the Government gave in.

Synonyms

demand for, rush for, sudden request for, clamour for
6 (the run) The average or usual type of person or thing: she stood out from the general run of Tory women...
  • What lifts this movie above the usual run of dutifully sweet romantic comedies is the bright, fantasy-friendly sensibility of its two directors, Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini.
  • Plato realizes that the general run of humankind can think, and speak, etc., without (so far as they acknowledge) any awareness of his realm of Forms.
  • It is also to help new generations discover that they are not that different from the common run of humanity.

Synonyms

type, kind, sort, variety, class, category, order
6.1The general tendency of something: quite against the run of play, Smith scored an early try...
  • Thankfully the incident did not divert the attention of either side from the main goal of winning the game though the hold-up was to have a significant bearing on the run of play.
  • Fortunately the U.S. managed to get a third goal against the run of play to seal the game.
  • It is only in the last decade that the industry has begun to appreciate and champion the importance of old trees that have survived against the run of forestry fashion.

Synonyms

trend, tendency, course, direction, movement, drift, tide, current;
tenor
7A sloping snow-covered course or track used for skiing, bobsleighing, or tobogganing: a ski run...
  • Powder hounds won't be disappointed either as there are excellent off-piste skiing and mogul runs, but it's wise to ask for a guide if you take the uncharted option.
  • It's not that expensive with a lot of steep hard runs but plenty of slopes for beginners too.
  • Skiing from 14,000 feet is a special treat: runs are longer; snow lasts longer.

Synonyms

slope, piste, track;
bump run;
North American trail
7.1A track made or regularly used by a particular animal: a badger run...
  • He also learned to read various animal trails, runs, beds and feeding areas and how to track and trap them.
  • Where rabbit-proof fencing cuts across badger runs, particularly near active setts, the badgers are likely to dig under or make holes in the netting, thus allowing rabbits to cross the fence.
  • Trees should be felled away from any holes, main badger runs or obvious latrines.
8An enclosed area in which domestic animals or birds may run freely in the open: an excellent and safe guinea pig run...
  • The main breeding cattery is a six- by twelve-metre enclosure, divided into runs.
  • The previous owners had two small dogs and treated this area as a dog run, so it was much flattened and stale when we moved in.
  • We have an enclosed dog run behind our garage where we usually leave the dogs when we are at work.

Synonyms

enclosure, pen, coop, compound
8.1 (the run of) Free and unrestricted use of or access to: her cats were given the run of the house...
  • We had the run of this house, a bungalow with long corridors and lots of weird things to play with and things we were told not to touch.
  • Better still, give them the run of the house while you stay in the hotel.
  • We discovered very quickly that he couldn't be given the run of the house.

Synonyms

unrestricted/free use of, unrestricted access to;
a free hand in, a free rein in
8.2Australian /NZ A large open stretch of land used for pasture or the raising of stock: one of the richest cattle runs of the district...
  • When the pastoralists pushed north, looking for grazing land and runs for their sheep, Thomas Elder was one of them to take up large leases in the Beltana area.
  • The great cause of conflict was Aborigines taking cattle and sheep from newly established grazing runs.
9 Cricket A unit of scoring achieved by hitting the ball so that both batsmen are able to run between the wickets, or awarded in some other circumstances.His first five balls resulted in eight runs scored for two wickets....
  • They went on to win by four wickets when the winning runs were scored in the 16th over.
  • But in cricket, the batsmen get the runs and bowlers get wickets.
9.1 Baseball A point scored by the batter returning to home plate after touching the other bases.He retired with a total of 649 stolen bases and nearly 1,200 runs scored....
  • The Tigers fared far better in other categories, leading the league with 185 home runs and 671 runs scored.
  • On balance, stolen bases have very little to do with runs scored.
10chiefly North American A ladder in stockings or tights: she had a run in her nylons...
  • Her legs were old and worn, tiny blue and purple veins played along the backs of her knees, and stockings with runs as long as the Mississippi fell to her ankles.
  • Take all your tights (check them first for runs and holes) and put them in a lined basket.
  • Seam sealants have a wide variety of uses, including stopping hosiery runs.

Synonyms

ladder, rip, tear, snag, hole
11A downward trickle of paint or a similar substance when applied too thickly: varnish should be applied with care to avoid runs and an uneven surface...
  • Apply varnish full strength, taking extra care to avoid runs and sags.
  • This can mean paint runs, sags and wrinkling on vertical surfaces, plus an overall reduced rate of coverage per gallon.
11.1A small stream: a shallow run at the edge of a low rock...
  • Then I heard and saw a good rise that was obviously from a much bigger fish at the bottom of a run under some trees.
  • Fall floods seem to have improved the river topography and most who have walked the river suggest the number of runs with fish-holding potential has vastly improved.
12 (the runs) informal Diarrhoea.During the night I had a bad case of the runs....
  • I did have the runs a bit, but never anything like bleeding and I didn't think anything dramatic was wrong.
  • Another thing I always take with me is dirolyte, which is a tablet-form medicine which dissolves in water and is for replacing body vitamins when you have had the runs.
13 Nautical The after part of a ship’s bottom where it rises and narrows towards the stern.Having a coarse run, she carried a huge body of water in her wake, in which the rudder was useless.

Usage

On the use of verbs used with and instead of a ‘to’ infinitive, as in run and fetch the paper, see and (usage).

Phrases

be run off one's feet

come running

give someone/thing a (good) run for their money

have a (good) run for one's money

on the run

run before one can walk

run a blockade

run dry

run an errand

(make a) run for it

run foul (or afoul) of

run the gauntlet

run someone/thing close

run high

run oneself into the ground

run into the sand

run its course

run low (or short)

run a mile

run off at the mouth

run someone out of town

run rings round

run riot

run the risk (or run risks)

run the show

run a temperature

run someone/thing to earth (or ground)

run to ruin

run to seed

run wild

run with the hare and hunt with the hounds

Phrasal verbs

run across

run after

run against

run along

run around with (also run with)

run at

run away

run away with

run something by (or past)

run someone/thing down

run something down (or run down)

run someone in

run something in

run into

run off

run off with

run something off

run on

run out

run someone out

run out on

run over

run someone/thing over

run over

run through

run someone/thing through

run to

run something up

run up against

run with

Derivatives

runnable

adjective ...
  • In short, he has both the strength and skill to run any whitewater that's runnable.
  • This is a requisite of real-time computing, where you need your real-time task to run the moment it becomes runnable.
  • The area features generally runnable deciduous woodland with some steep slopes and craggy outcrops and a reasonable path network.

Origin

Old English rinnan, irnan (verb), of Germanic origin, probably reinforced in Middle English by Old Norse rinna, renna. The current form with -u- in the present tense is first recorded in the 16th century.

  • An important little Anglo-Saxon word found in many common phrases. If you come into conflict with someone you have run foul of them. This nautical expression refers to a ship which had collided or become entangled with another vessel or with an obstacle. If people are angry public feeling may run high, which is another nautical phrase, from waves or tides rising about their normal height, especially in stormy conditions. Both of these phrases appeared around 1700. An ordinary or undistinguished person might be described as a run-of-the-mill type. Here the run is the material produced from a mill before it has been sorted or inspected for quality. When you find someone after a long search you may feel that at last you have run them to earth. The earth is a fox's home, and the literal meaning is ‘to chase a hunted animal to its lair and corner it there’. A confrontation that has gone on for a long time is sometimes called a running battle. The idea reaches back into the history of warfare. Literally, a running battle is one that constantly changes its location, the opposite of a pitched battle (see pitch). The expression is first recorded in the late 17th century as running fight and described a naval engagement that continued even as one side was fleeing. The current version was not recorded until the 20th century, but is now the more common. See also gauntlet

Rhymes

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