英语词汇“Jacobin”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

Jacobin

/ˈdʒakəbɪn

noun

1 historical A member of a democratic club established in Paris in 1789. The Jacobins were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution, and in association with Robespierre they instituted the Terror of 1793-4.If the fanaticism of the Jacobins made the French revolution a success, so the chiliastic, often religious fervour of the Motley Crews and their milieu pushed the American Revolution and the anti-slavery campaigns to their peak....

Under Maximilien Robespierre, the Jacobins instituted extreme policies to crush enemies of the state.
Despite fears, evinced by Jacobins like Robespierre, that the debilitated army was in no state to defeat the disciplined forces of Austria and Prussia, most of the country was carried away by war fever.

1.1An extreme political radical.

2chiefly historical A Dominican friar.Henry III was, however, assassinated by a Jacobin friar on 1 August of that year....

It had its origins in the Club Breton which was established after the opening of the STATES-GENERAL in 1789, and acquired its new name from its headquarters in an old Jacobin monastery in Paris.

3 (jacobin) A pigeon of a breed with reversed feathers on the back of its neck like a cowl.

4 (jacobin) A mainly green Central and South American hummingbird, with blue feathers on the head.

Florisuga mellivora and Melanotrichilus fuscus, family Trochilidae.

In the gorge, red-and-green macaws and red-billed toucans are common sights, while occasionally spied down along the river are the white-necked jacobin and the crimson topaz, both hummingbirds....

As the day warmed up we headed into Mindo for lunch at Los Colibríes restaurant, with a Barred Hawk on the way. The feeders had their usual hummers Green-crowned Brilliants, White-whiskered Hermits, Green-crowned Woodnymphs, and White-necked Jacobins.
There are heliconias planted around the buildings and pathways that are being visited by hummingbirds, among them White-necked Jacobins, Crowned Woodnymphs and Hermits.

Derivatives

Jacobinic

/dʒakəˈbɪnɪk/ adjective ...

The nursery rhyme ‘Frere Jacques’ probably refers to a playful group of Jacobinic monks who often overslept.
From the French revolution we have inherited the Jacobinic thought that the nation, this loose cultural community, should become an homogeneous mass gathered within a territory and subject to a centrally-ruled state.

Jacobinical

/dʒakəˈbɪnɪk(ə)l

/ adjective ...

In the first three months of 1796 eleven departments had their personnel totally or partially renewed to remove Jacobinical influences.
He was under pressure from those who feared radical movements in Britain and Ireland, especially when these were seen to be inspired by Jacobinical ideas.

Jacobinism

/ˈdʒakəbɪnɪz(ə)m

/ noun ...

The idea that the world can be regenerated by spectacular acts of violence echoes the orthodoxy of French Jacobinism, nineteenth-century European and Russian anarchism, and Lenin's Bolshevism.
Marat was a cult figure for extreme Jacobinism, and it is entirely credible that someone actually stood up on the floor of the Convention and shouted to David, Give us back Marat whole!
The heart of Higonnet's argument is the claim that Jacobinism was a single liberal sensibility, with pre-revolutionary roots, characterized by two distinct, but intertwined, themes: individualism and universalism.

Origin

Middle English (in Jacobin (sense 2)): from Old French, from medieval Latin Jacobinus, from ecclesiastical Latin Jacobus 'James'. The term was applied to the Dominicans in Old French on account of their church in Paris, St Jacques, near which they built their first convent; the latter eventually became the headquarters of the French revolutionary group.

单词	Jacobin
释义	Jacobin /ˈdʒakəbɪn / noun 1 historical A member of a democratic club established in Paris in 1789. The Jacobins were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution, and in association with Robespierre they instituted the Terror of 1793-4.If the fanaticism of the Jacobins made the French revolution a success, so the chiliastic, often religious fervour of the Motley Crews and their milieu pushed the American Revolution and the anti-slavery campaigns to their peak.... Under Maximilien Robespierre, the Jacobins instituted extreme policies to crush enemies of the state. Despite fears, evinced by Jacobins like Robespierre, that the debilitated army was in no state to defeat the disciplined forces of Austria and Prussia, most of the country was carried away by war fever. 1.1An extreme political radical. 2chiefly historical A Dominican friar.Henry III was, however, assassinated by a Jacobin friar on 1 August of that year.... It had its origins in the Club Breton which was established after the opening of the STATES-GENERAL in 1789, and acquired its new name from its headquarters in an old Jacobin monastery in Paris. 3 (jacobin) A pigeon of a breed with reversed feathers on the back of its neck like a cowl. 4 (jacobin) A mainly green Central and South American hummingbird, with blue feathers on the head. Florisuga mellivora and Melanotrichilus fuscus, family Trochilidae. In the gorge, red-and-green macaws and red-billed toucans are common sights, while occasionally spied down along the river are the white-necked jacobin and the crimson topaz, both hummingbirds.... As the day warmed up we headed into Mindo for lunch at Los Colibríes restaurant, with a Barred Hawk on the way. The feeders had their usual hummers Green-crowned Brilliants, White-whiskered Hermits, Green-crowned Woodnymphs, and White-necked Jacobins. There are heliconias planted around the buildings and pathways that are being visited by hummingbirds, among them White-necked Jacobins, Crowned Woodnymphs and Hermits. Derivatives Jacobinic /dʒakəˈbɪnɪk/ adjective ... The nursery rhyme ‘Frere Jacques’ probably refers to a playful group of Jacobinic monks who often overslept. From the French revolution we have inherited the Jacobinic thought that the nation, this loose cultural community, should become an homogeneous mass gathered within a territory and subject to a centrally-ruled state. Jacobinical /dʒakəˈbɪnɪk(ə)l / adjective ... In the first three months of 1796 eleven departments had their personnel totally or partially renewed to remove Jacobinical influences. He was under pressure from those who feared radical movements in Britain and Ireland, especially when these were seen to be inspired by Jacobinical ideas. Jacobinism /ˈdʒakəbɪnɪz(ə)m / noun ... The idea that the world can be regenerated by spectacular acts of violence echoes the orthodoxy of French Jacobinism, nineteenth-century European and Russian anarchism, and Lenin's Bolshevism. Marat was a cult figure for extreme Jacobinism, and it is entirely credible that someone actually stood up on the floor of the Convention and shouted to David, Give us back Marat whole! The heart of Higonnet's argument is the claim that Jacobinism was a single liberal sensibility, with pre-revolutionary roots, characterized by two distinct, but intertwined, themes: individualism and universalism. Origin Middle English (in Jacobin (sense 2)): from Old French, from medieval Latin Jacobinus, from ecclesiastical Latin Jacobus 'James'. The term was applied to the Dominicans in Old French on account of their church in Paris, St Jacques, near which they built their first convent; the latter eventually became the headquarters of the French revolutionary group.
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