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单词 jaundice
释义

jaundice

/ˈdʒɔːndɪs /
noun [mass noun]
1A medical condition with yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, arising from excess of the pigment bilirubin and typically caused by obstruction of the bile duct, by liver disease, or by excessive breakdown of red blood cells.In prehepatic jaundice, excess unconjugated bilirubin is produced faster than the liver is able to conjugate it for excretion....
  • Eight weeks after starting she developed nausea and weakness quickly followed by yellow jaundice and evidence of liver involvement.
  • If untreated, jaundice can lead to infection and abscesses in the liver, which can be fatal.
2Bitterness, resentment, or cynicism.Jaundice connotes bitterness or resentment. Of what is she bitter or resentful? What bitterness or resentment might she be urging upon us?...
  • Already the jaundice of cynicism and the jaded bitterness of innocence lost cast their hue over my narrative.

Origin

Middle English jaunes, from Old French jaunice 'yellowness', from jaune 'yellow'.

  • yellow from Old English:

    As with other colour words such as auburn and brown, the root of yellow probably referred to a wider range of colours than the modern word. It shares an ancestor with gold (see golden), but is also related to gall (Old English), bile (mid 17th century), and the final element of melancholy, all of which derive from the greenish colour of bile. The yellow egg yolk (Old English), which could be spelt yelk into the 17th century, was also related to yellow. In the 17th century yellow rather than green was the colour of jealousy, possibly with the idea of a jealous person being ‘jaundiced’ or bitter. The word jaundice (Middle English) is from Old French jaune ‘yellow’, from the symptomatic yellowish complexion. Yellow is now associated with cowardice, a link that began in the 1850s in the USA. Since the 1920s a coward has been said to be yellow-bellied or a yellow-belly.

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更新时间:2024/12/23 22:53:33