| 单词 | duty |
| 释义 | dutyduty /ˈdut̮i/ ●●● S2 W2 noun (plural duties) 1something YOU MUST DO [countable, uncountable] something that you have to do because it is the right thing for you to do in your position: duty to/toward I feel a sense of duty to my parents. You have a duty to remove this ice – someone could slip on it and get hurt. It is our duty to help her. You must do your duty and report him to the police. We have a moral duty to speak up when we see injustice. I am duty bound to report you to the authorities (=be required to do something because of your position). → see also jury duty2PART OF YOUR JOB [countable usually plural, uncountable] something you have to do as part of your job, especially when you work for an official organization: My duties include answering the telephone. Soldiers must perform their duties correctly. She’s a doctor who has gone beyond the call of duty in her care for her patients (=she has done more than she has to do as part of her job). The soldiers are required to report for duty on July 1 (=arrive and be ready to start work). The president took time away from his official duties to go on a vacation with his family. The soldier was charged with dereliction of duty for failing to report the problem (=not doing his duty). → in the line of duty at line1 (25), tour of duty3TAX [countable, uncountable] social studies, economics a tax you pay on something you buy, especially goods you bought in another country: duty on The new law raises the duty on alcoholic beverages by 3.5%. → see also duty-free4be on/off duty to be working or not working at a particular time, especially in a job which people take turns to do so that someone is always doing it: The night shift goes off duty at 6 a.m. Two officers were on duty at the police station.5kitchen/laundry/garbage etc. duty a job, especially in the house, that you must do: My husband and I share most of the household duties.6do duty as/for something to be used as something: The breakfast nook can also do duty as a home office.[Origin: 1200–1300 Anglo-French dueté, from Old French deu] → see also active duty/service at active1 (7), do double duty at double1 (4)COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 1verbshave a duty to do something Parents have a duty to make sure that their children receive an education.owe a duty formal (=have a serious duty) People who are responsible for children owe a duty of care to them.do your duty I felt I had done my duty by voting.fulfill your duty formal (=do what is needed) The school has failed to fulfill its legal duty towards students.fail in your duty (also be derelict in your duty formal) (=not do something that you should do) I would be failing in my duty if I didn’t warn you of the dangers.adjectivesa moral duty She felt it was her moral duty to care for her mother.a legal duty Employers have a legal duty to ensure the safety of their workers.a civic duty (=something you must do because you live in a town or country) It is your civic duty to file and pay taxes.a religious duty She believes that helping the poor is a religious duty.a patriotic duty (=something you do because you love your country) Voting is a patriotic duty for all citizens.a sacred duty (=a very important duty) We have a sacred duty to protect our planet.a solemn duty (=a very serious duty) It is the solemn duty of the courts to uphold the law of the land.COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 2verbsperform/carry out your duties (also discharge your duties formal) (=do your job) She could not perform her duties because of poor health.resume your duties (=start doing your job again) She hopes to be well enough to resume her duties next week.neglect/shirk your duties (=not do your job correctly) No soldier can be allowed to neglect his duties.assume your duties formal (=start doing a job) She will be assuming her duties as the new head of the organization in August.somebody’s duties include something The teacher’s duties include some administrative work outside of the classroom.adjectives/nouns + dutyguard/sentry duty All the soldiers were required to do guard duty.official duties The new president will take up his official duties next month.constitutional duty (=a duty according to the basic laws and principles that a country is governed by) It is the president’s constitutional duty to administer the laws of the nation.regular duties (=the things that someone usually does for their job) The firefighter is recovering from injuries and should be able to return to regular duties next month.job duties The job duties of a nanny vary depending on the family and children.teaching duties The professor is taking a break from his teaching duties this year so that he can focus on research.administrative duties The office has three full-time staff members who perform administrative duties.extra/additional duties She should be compensated for the extra duties she has taken on.light duties/duty (=not involving hard physical work) He’d been wounded, sent home, and put on light duties. |
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