| 释义 |
noun | verb filefile1 /faɪl/ ●●● S1 W2 AWL noun [countable] ETYMOLOGYfile1Origin: (1-4) French fil thread from Latin filum (because documents were stored on pieces of string) verbs► open a file Click on the icon to open the file. ► close a file You may need to close the file and restart the computer. ► save a file Save the file under a different filename. ► create a file I created a file of useful contacts. ► delete a file (=remove it) I accidentally deleted the wrong file. ► access a file (=open or read it) You won’t be able to access the file if another user has it open. ► edit a file (=make changes to it) I edited the file and saved it to the hard disk. ► copy a file To copy a file, save it using a new filename. ► move a file He was trying to move the file from one folder to another. ► transfer a file (=move it from one computer system to another) You can transfer files and share your stuff with friends. ► download a file (=move a copy of it from the Internet or another computer to your computer) It just takes a few seconds to download the file. ► upload a file (=move a copy of it from your computer to the Internet or another computer) Restart the web browser, and then upload the file. ► share a file (=let other people have access to it) They shared their music files. ► load a file (=put a file onto a computer) Double-click on the icon and it will load the file onto your computer. ► send/email somebody a file (=send it using email) Do you want me to send you the file? ► attach a file (=send it with an email) Sorry, I forgot to attach the file. ► compress a file (=make it smaller so that it uses less space on a computer) The program allows you to compress files. nouns + file► a computer file Delete some of the old computer files to create some space on the hard drive. ► a backup file (=a copy of a file, which is made in case the original becomes lost or damaged) You can burn your backup file to CD or DVD. ► a music/video/text/data etc. file The website makes it easy to buy and download music files. ► a zip file (=a file that has been made smaller so that it uses less space to store or send) To open the zip file, double-click on the icon. ► a batch file (=a file containing a set of commands that are often needed) The next time you run a batch file, the window will close automatically. file + nouns► file format You may have to convert the file format to open a document written with an old program. ► file size The file size was 18kB. ► file sharing (=the process of letting other people use your computer files) The law clamps down on illegal file sharing, for example of music. ► file menu (=the list of things you can do on a file) On the File menu, select “Open.” THESAURUSinformation► record information about something that is written down so that it can be looked at in the future: Keep a record of everything you spend. Medical records are now kept on computers. ► log an official record of the things that have happened, for example, on a ship or in a police department: According to the police log, the call came in at 8:23. ► transcript a written record of the exact words that someone said, for example in a speech, a recording, a film, etc.: A transcript of the documentary has been put online. ► minutes a written record of the things that were said or decided at a meeting: He emailed a copy of the minutes to all the committee members. ► accounts/books an exact written record of the money that a company has received and spent: Outside auditors were brought in to review the company’s accounts. ► register/registry an official list containing the names of all the people, organizations, or things of a particular type: At the time, the Church maintained the only official registry of marriages. ► roll an official list of names, for example of the people attending a school: His name appeared on the roll of students in 1986. ► file a set of papers, records, etc. that contain information about a particular person or subject: The FBI kept a file on him because of his political activities. ► journal a serious diary, especially one written by an adult: He came across an old journal in which he had written about the divorce. ► diary a book in which you write about the things that happen to you each day and about your thoughts: Pearl started keeping a diary when she was eight. ► blog a record of your thoughts or actions, which you write regularly on the Internet: Jennifer’s blog about her struggle with cancer was very moving. ► notes information that a student writes down during a class, from a book, etc., in order to remember it: Do you have notes from yesterday’s lecture? 1 a set of papers, records, etc. that contain information about a particular person or subject SYN dossier: I put Callahan’s file back in the drawer.file on Mendoza read over the file on the murders. The CIA does not keep files on American citizens (=collect and keep information on them).► see thesaurus at record12computers a collection of information on a computer that is stored under a particular name: It took a few minutes to download the file. It’s a good idea to save a file often. How many image files do you have in that folder?3on file a)kept in a file so that it can be used later: Some of the information on file is confidential. b)officially recorded: More than four million patents are on file in the U.S.4a box or folded piece of heavy paper that is used to keep papers organized or separate from other papers: She grabbed a few empty files from the shelf.5a metal tool with a rough surface, used to make other surfaces smooth or to cut through wood, metal, etc. → see also nail file, rank and file, single file [Origin: (1-4) French fil thread from Latin filum (because documents were stored on pieces of string)]COLLOCATIONS– Meaning 2verbsopen a file Click on the icon to open the file.close a file You may need to close the file and restart the computer.save a file Save the file under a different filename.create a file I created a file of useful contacts.delete a file (=remove it) I accidentally deleted the wrong file.access a file (=open or read it) You won’t be able to access the file if another user has it open.edit a file (=make changes to it) I edited the file and saved it to the hard disk.copy a file To copy a file, save it using a new filename.move a file He was trying to move the file from one folder to another.transfer a file (=move it from one computer system to another) You can transfer files and share your stuff with friends.download a file (=move a copy of it from the Internet or another computer to your computer) It just takes a few seconds to download the file.upload a file (=move a copy of it from your computer to the Internet or another computer) Restart the web browser, and then upload the file.share a file (=let other people have access to it) They shared their music files.load a file (=put a file onto a computer) Double-click on the icon and it will load the file onto your computer.send/email somebody a file (=send it using email) Do you want me to send you the file?attach a file (=send it with an email) Sorry, I forgot to attach the file.compress a file (=make it smaller so that it uses less space on a computer) The program allows you to compress files.nouns + filea computer file Delete some of the old computer files to create some space on the hard drive.a backup file (=a copy of a file, which is made in case the original becomes lost or damaged) You can burn your backup file to CD or DVD.a music/video/text/data etc. file The website makes it easy to buy and download music files.a zip file (=a file that has been made smaller so that it uses less space to store or send) To open the zip file, double-click on the icon.a batch file (=a file containing a set of commands that are often needed) The next time you run a batch file, the window will close automatically.file + nounsfile format You may have to convert the file format to open a document written with an old program.file size The file size was 18kB.file sharing (=the process of letting other people use your computer files) The law clamps down on illegal file sharing, for example of music.file menu (=the list of things you can do on a file) On the File menu, select “Open.” noun | verb filefile2 ●●○ AWL verb VERB TABLEfile |
| Present | I, you, we, they | file | | he, she, it | files | | Past | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | filed | | Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have filed | | he, she, it | has filed | | Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had filed | | Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will file | | Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have filed |
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| Present | I | am filing | | he, she, it | is filing | | you, we, they | are filing | | Past | I, he, she, it | was filing | | you, we, they | were filing | | Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have been filing | | he, she, it | has been filing | | Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had been filing | | Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will be filing | | Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have been filing |
► filed charges The district attorney filed charges against him. ► file a claim/suit O'Brien will file a $1 million civil damage suit. ► filing a report The officer left the scene without filing a report. THESAURUSnot get rid of something► keep to continue to have something and not lose it or get rid of it: We decided to keep our old car. I kept his letters for years. ► store to put things away and keep them there until you need them: Canned goods can be stored at room temperature. ► save to keep something so that you can use or enjoy it in the future: I’m saving this bottle of champagne for a special occasion. ► retain formal retain means the same as save but is used in official or formal language: Retain a copy of this form for your records. ► reserve to keep something separate from similar things so that it can be used for a particular purpose: These seats are reserved for people with tickets. ► file to store papers or information in a particular order or a particular place: All the contracts are filed alphabetically. ► preserve to treat or store an object, document, or food in a special way so that it can be kept for a long time without damage or decay: The old documents have been scanned into a database so that they can be preserved for future generations. ► collect to get and keep objects of the same type because you think they are attractive or interesting: Kate collects old postcards. ► hoard to collect things in large amounts and keep them, especially in a secret place: People hoarded rice and then sold it on the black market. 1 [intransitive always + adv./prep., transitive] to officially record something such as a complaint, law case, official document, etc.: Married couples can file separate tax returns.file for She decided to file for divorce. The district attorney filed charges against him.file a claim/suit O'Brien will file a $1 million civil damage suit.file something against somebody a lawsuit filed against the L.A. Unified school system2[transitive] (also file away) to keep papers with information on them in a particular place so that you can find them easily: Slawa filed a copy of the contract he’d signed.► see thesaurus at keep13[transitive] to give or send an official report or news story to your employer: The officer left the scene without filing a report.4[intransitive always + adv./prep.] to walk in a line of people, one behind the other: file past/into/through etc. The kids filed out.5[intransitive always + adv./prep., transitive] to rub something with a metal tool or a nail file to make it smooth or cut it: Alice was filing her nails.file through/away/down etc. File down the sharp edges. |