| 单词 | law |
| 释义 | lawlaw /lɔ/ ●●● S1 W1 noun 1SYSTEM OF RULES [singular, uncountable] law the system of rules that citizens of a country, city, state, etc. must obey: against the law (=illegal) Public drunkenness is against the law here.it is against the law to do something It is against the law to sell cigarettes to minors. Traders who break the law will be prosecuted (=do something illegal). Many companies are refusing to obey the law. The governor will sign the bill into law tomorrow (=officially make it a law).by law Candidates are required by law to file financial reports.within the law (=legally) The court has ruled that the company was operating within the law. He specializes in divorce law. An armed attack would violate international law. The new government is slowly bringing back law and order (=a situation in which people respect the law, and crime is controlled).above the law (=too important to have to obey the law) He seems to think he’s above the law. → see also law firm2A RULE [countable] law a rule that people in a particular country, city, state, etc. must obey: law against There are calls for stricter laws against drug use.law on They pushed for changes in the laws on overtime pay. The fight for tougher environmental laws continues.under a law (=because of a law) Five people were arrested under anti-terrorism laws. The state passed a law banning casino gambling (=approved a law).► see thesaurus at rule13STUDY/PROFESSION [uncountable] law the study of law, or the profession involving law: She practices law in New York.4SCIENTIFIC RULE [countable] science a statement that describes and explains how something always works: We learned about the law of supply and demand in economics.5RELIGIOUS RULES [uncountable] a system of rules that a particular religion has: under Jewish/Islamic law The practice is not allowed under Jewish law.6the law informal the police: He’s in trouble with the law again.7the law of the jungle a)the idea that people should only take care of themselves and not care about other people, if they want to succeed b)the principle that only the strongest creatures will stay alive8take the law into your own hands to do something illegal in order to correct something that you think is not fair or not being dealt with by the police: He took the law into his own hands and shot the burglar.9have the law on your side to be legally right in what you are doing10the law of averages the probability that one result will happen as often as another if you try something often enough: The law of averages says we’re due for a win.11there ought to be a law (against something) often humorous used to say that you think something should not be allowed12be a law unto yourself to do only what you want to do and not follow the rules of behavior that other people follow[Origin: Old English lagu] → see also civil law, common law, criminal law, lay down the law at lay (4), Murphy's law, Roman law, unwritten law at unwrittenCOLLOCATIONS– Meanings 1 & 2verbsobey the law Most people obey the law.break the law (also violate a law formal) (=do something illegal) Is the company breaking the law? They broke one of the laws against fraud.pass a law They passed a law banning smoking in public places.make laws The chief role of a legislature is to make laws.become law (=officially be made a law) For a bill to become law, it must be approved by both houses of Congress.enforce a law (=make people obey a law) It is the job of the police to enforce the law.flout a law (=deliberately disobey a law) Employers who flout the law should be properly punished.repeal a law (=officially end a law) Many people want the law to be repealed.a law requires something State law requires all motorcycle riders to wear helmets.a law prohibits/bans/forbids something (=says that it is not allowed) The law prohibits possession of some types of animals.a law allows/permits something The law allows any couple to get a divorce.a law applies to somebody/something (=it affects them) The law applies to both citizens and noncitizens.a law protects somebody/something The law is designed to protect endangered species.adjectives/nouns + lawa strict/tough law The country has strict anti-drug laws.tax/copyright/divorce etc. law You need an accountant who knows about tax law.an environmental/immigration/labor etc. law All sides are calling for changes to the immigration laws.criminal law (=laws concerning crimes) Criminal law contains definitions of such crimes as murder, rape, and robbery.civil law (=laws concerning disagreements between people, rather than crimes) The punishment for breaking civil law is usually a fine.constitutional law (=laws about how the different parts of government work together) The Supreme Court decides cases involving constitutional law.a law is unconstitutional (=it is not allowed according to the rules of a government) Do you think the court will find the law unconstitutional?international law (=laws that all countries agree to obey) Under international law, the countries must respect the treaty.U.S./English/Japanese etc. law The action is not an offense under German law.federal/state law (=the law of the whole U.S. or of a particular state) Under federal law, it is illegal to discriminate against employees because of race or sex. Under state law it was illegal for any public official to receive gifts worth more than $100.martial law (=when the military controls a country with its system of laws) The new leaders imposed martial law.common law (=laws that have come from customs and the decisions of judges) In common law, if a house is rented out, it is expected that the house is safe to live in.case law (=law based on previous court cases) There is little case law covering this issue.law + nounslaw enforcement (=the job of making sure that the law is obeyed) Stricter law enforcement might improve the situation.a law firm He is a partner in a large law firm.law school After law school, Kevin joined a firm that specialized in civil rights law. |
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