| 释义 |
roughrough1 /rʌf/ ●●● S3 adjective ETYMOLOGYrough1Origin: Old English ruh ► rough draft the rough draft (=first writing) of his first novel ► rough idea Can you give me a rough idea of when the job will be finished? ► rough estimate This figure is only a rough estimate. ► a rough ride This year has been a rough ride (=difficult time) for the bank. ► rough patches Melody admitted that there have been rough patches (=difficult times) in her marriage. ► rough night You look like you had a rough night (=you slept badly). THESAURUSnearly but not completely exact, used especially about a number, amount, or time that is a little more or less than the exact number, amount, etc.► approximatenearly but not completely exact, used especially about a number, amount, or time that is a little more or less than the exact number, amount, etc.: The approximate cost of materials for the class should be around $25. ► rough not exact or not containing many details: Can you give me a rough idea of when you’ll be home? ► imprecise formal imprecise information is not exact, complete, or clear: Asking people what they eat each day gives you imprecise data, because people do not always tell you everything. ► inexact formal not exact and not correct in every detail: Predicting earthquakes is an inexact science, so we can never give an accurate warning of when one will occur. ► estimated not exact, but based on information that you have. Used about numbers, costs, and amounts: The car was traveling at an estimated 80 miles per hour when it hit the wall. actions► violent involving actions that are intended to injure or kill people, by hitting them, shooting them, etc.: There has been a rise in violent crime in the city in the past year. The military was behind the violent overthrow of the government. ► rough involving force or violence but not causing serious injury: Several protesters complained of rough treatment by the police. ► vicious extremely violent and cruel, and intended to hurt someone: The vicious attack left her with a broken arm and several cracked ribs. ► savage extremely violent, as if done by a wild animal: The man nearly died in the savage attack. ► brutal very violent and cruel, in a way that shows no human feelings for other people: The police are investigating a series of brutal murders. ► fierce done with a lot of energy and often violent: The soldiers clashed in a fierce battle. ► ferocious violent, dangerous, and frightening: Many civilians were killed in the ferocious bloody fighting. 1NOT SMOOTH having an uneven surface OPP smooth: His hands were big and rough. rough tree bark2NOT EXACT not exact, not containing many details, or not in a final form SYN approximate: Prices shown are only a rough guideline. the rough draft (=first writing) of his first novel Can you give me a rough idea of when the job will be finished? This figure is only a rough estimate.► see thesaurus at approximate13NOT GENTLE using force or violence: Football’s a rough sport. The prisoners complained of rough treatment.► see thesaurus at violent4WITH PROBLEMS/DIFFICULTIES [usually before noun] a rough period of time is one in which you have a lot of problems or difficulties: I’ve had a rough day. This year has been a rough ride (=difficult time) for the bank. Melody admitted that there have been rough patches (=difficult times) in her marriage. You look like you had a rough night (=you slept badly).5WITH VIOLENCE/CRIME a rough area is a place where there is a lot of violence or crime: She grew up in a rough part of town.6UNPLEASANT unpleasant, often in a way that seems unfair: rough on The changes have been rough on the staff. “She said she never loved me.” “That’s rough.”7NOT KIND be rough on somebody to treat someone unkindly, for example by criticizing someone in an angry way SYN be hard on somebody: Don’t be too rough on her – it was a mistake.8have rough edges (also be rough around the edges) to have small parts that are not completely correct, finished, etc. but are not a serious problem: The play still has a few rough edges.9WEATHER/SEA with strong wind or storms: The ship went down in rough seas.10NOT COMFORTABLE uncomfortable, with difficult conditions: The trip was long and rough.11VOICE/SOUND not sounding soft or gentle, and often sounding fairly angry: a deep rough voice12SIMPLE/NOT WELL MADE simple and often not very well made SYN crude: a rough wooden table13rough stuff spoken violent behavior14rough and ready not perfect for a particular situation or purpose, but good enough15rough justice punishment that is not decided in a court in the usual legal way, and that is often severe or unfair: the rough justice of the Old West[Origin: Old English ruh]—roughness noun [uncountable] → see also roughly |