| 单词 | burn |
| 释义 | verb | noun burnburn1 /bɚn/ ●●● S1 W2 verb (past tense and past participle burned or burnt /bɚnt/) 1PRODUCE FLAMES/HEAT [intransitive] to produce heat and flames: The fire in the hills has been burning for a week. Some pine logs were burning in the fireplace.THESAURUScatch fire – to start burning: The curtains caught fire, and suddenly the whole room was burning.burst into flames – to quickly catch fire: When the match hit the gasoline, it burst into flames.light – to make a fire, cigarette, or candle start to burn: Can you light the candles on the dining table?set fire to something – to make something burn in order to destroy it: A protester set fire to a car parked nearby.ignite formal – to start burning, or make something start burning: The spark ignited the gasoline. When the gasoline ignites, it burns quickly.be on fire – to be burning and being damaged: The house across the street was on fire, so I called 911.be in flames – to be burning – used especially in writing: When the fire trucks arrived, the whole building was in flames.blaze – to burn brightly with a lot of flames and heat – used especially in writing: A big log fire was blazing in the fireplace.flare (also flare up) – to suddenly begin to burn, or burn more brightly for a short time: He lit a match, which flared briefly.smolder – to burn slowly with smoke but no flames: The camp fire was still smoldering the next morning.scorch – to burn the surface of something and make a dark mark on it: The candle burned all the way down and scorched the table.incinerate – to completely destroy something using fire: Some of the garbage is incinerated after it has been collected.cremate – to burn the body of a dead person after a funeral: My grandmother wanted to be cremated when she died.2DESTROY WITH FIRE [intransitive, transitive] to be destroyed by fire, or to destroy something with fire: I burned all his letters. A house on our street burned down last year (=was destroyed by fire). Over 35 houses burned to the ground in the wildfires (=used to emphasize that something burns completely).3INJURE/KILL WITH HEAT [transitive] to hurt yourself or someone else with fire or something hot: Marcus burned his hand on the stove. The people burned to death inside the building (=were killed in a fire).► see thesaurus at hurt14FOOD [intransitive, transitive] to spoil food by cooking until it is black and does not taste good, or to become spoiled in this way: Oh no, I burned the toast! The roast had burned to a crisp.5BY SUN [intransitive, transitive] if the sun burns your skin, or if your skin burns, it becomes red and painful from the heat of the sun: I burn easily (=my skin burns easily in the sun). It looks like you got burned on the back of your neck.6FAT/ENERGY [transitive] if you burn fat or calories, you use up energy stored in your body by being physically active: Exercise helps your body burn fat.7POWER/LIGHT/ENERGY ETC. [intransitive, transitive] if you burn a fuel, or if it burns, it is used to produce power, heat, light, etc.: The engine only burns diesel fuel. Coal burns longer than wood.8CD/DVD [transitive] if you burn a CD or DVD, you record music, images, or other information onto it9BY CHEMICALS [intransitive, transitive] to damage or destroy something by a chemical action: The acid burned through the metal.10SHINE [intransitive] if a light or lamp burns, it shines or produces light: Christmas lights burned brightly all around town.11FEEL HOT [intransitive, transitive] to feel too hot and uncomfortable, or to make part of your body feel like this SYN sting: My eyes were burning from the smoke. Cheap liquor burns your throat.12be/get burned informal a)to be emotionally hurt by someone or something: I like her, but I’m afraid of getting burned again. b)to lose a lot of money, especially in a business deal: A lot of people got burned buying junk bonds.13burn your bridges informal to do something that ends a situation, makes someone angry, etc. so that you cannot bring back the situation or relationship even if you want to: Don’t burn your bridges; you might want to work for them again.14burn the candle at both ends informal to be very busy both at work and in your social life so that you do not get much rest15burn the midnight oil informal to work or study until late at night: There were a lot of students burning the midnight oil in the library.16burn a hole in your pocket informal if money is burning a hole in your pocket, you want to spend it as soon as you can17get your fingers burned informal to suffer the bad results of something that you have done: The first time I played the stock market, I got my fingers burned.18BE EMBARRASSED [intransitive] if your face or cheeks are burning, they feel hot because you are embarrassed or upset19GO QUICKLY [intransitive always + adv./prep.] to travel very quickly: burn along/through/up etc. In Germany, sports cars burn along the highway at speeds over 100 mph.20it burns me/her/him etc. that spoken used to say that something makes someone feel angry or jealous: It really burns me that he treats her so badly.21be burning to do something to want to do something very much: Hannah’s burning to tell you her news.22be burning with rage/desire etc. to feel an emotion very strongly23burn rubber informal to start a car moving so quickly that the tires make a loud high noise24burn somebody at the stake to kill someone by tying him or her to a post on top of a fire[Origin: Old English byrnan to burn and bærnan to cause to burn] → see also crash and burn at crash1 (8), somebody’s ears are burning at ear (15)burn away phrasal verb if something burns away or is burned away, it is destroyed or reduced to something much smaller by fireburn down phrasal verb1burn something ↔ down if a building burns down, or if it is burned down, it is destroyed by fire: The old school burned down thirty years ago. Three teenagers are accused of burning down the store.2 if a fire burns down, the flames become weaker and it produces less heatburn off phrasal verb1if fog or mist burns off, it disappears when the day becomes warmer and the sun gets higher in the sky2burn something ↔ off to remove something by burning it: The nuts are roasted to burn off the poisonous oil.3burn something ↔ off to use energy or fat stored in your body by doing exercise: The exercise program helps you burn off excess fat.burn out phrasal verb1FIRE burn something out if a fire burns out or burns itself out, it stops burning because there is no wood or fuel left2FEEL TIRED to feel very tired and not interested in things anymore, because you are working too hard: A lot of teachers are burning out and quitting. → see also burned out3be burned out a)if something is burned out, the inside of it is destroyed by fire: Many of the buildings were burned out. b)if someone is burned out, her or she is very tired and no longer interested in things because of working too hard4ENGINE burn something ↔ out if an engine or electric wire burns out or is burned out, it stops working because it has been damaged by getting too hot5AIRCRAFT if a rocket or jet burns out, it stops operating because all its fuel has been used → see also burnoutburn up phrasal verb1DESTROY burn something ↔ up if something burns up or is burned up, it is completely destroyed by fire or great heat2BURN BRIGHTER if a fire burns up, it gets stronger and brighter3BE HOT spoken if someone is burning up, he or she is very hot, especially because of having a fever4MAKE somebody ANGRY burn somebody up informal to make someone angry: It burns me up that they can charge so much for doing absolutely nothing!5GO QUICKLY burn up something to run or dance very quickly, or travel very quickly in a car: Matt and Jen were really burning up the dance floor. The cars are burning up the race track!6burn up energy/fat/calories etc. to use energy, etc. by doing physical exercise verb | noun burnburn2 ●●○ noun 1[countable] an injury or mark caused by fire, heat, or chemicals: She was treated for burns at the hospital. cigarette burns in the carpetminor/severe burns (=injuries to the skin caused by fire or chemicals that are not serious/very serious) burn marks on the table → see also first-degree, second-degree, third-degree2[countable] red and painful skin caused by being out in the sun too long SYN sunburn: I got a bad burn, sitting out on the deck.3[countable, uncountable] a painful mark on the skin caused by it rubbing hard against something rough: She wore gloves to protect herself from rope burn.4the burn informal a painful hot feeling in your muscles when you exercise a lot |
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