| 单词 | to |
| 释义 | to ―to /tuː/ adverb ► F0 into a closed position: » I'll just push the door to.Thesaurus+: ↑Open and closed―to STRONG /tuː/ WEAK /tʊ/ /tu/ /tə/ aep /tə/preposition (AGAINST) ► F0 against or very near: » Stand back to back.» They were dancing cheek to cheek.Thesaurus+: ↑Through, across, opposite and against• • • Extra Examples:» Their faces were nose to nose, scowling at each other.» The children stood back to back to see who was tallest.» He was standing, hand to mouth in horror.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (AT THE SAME TIME AS) ► F0 at the same time as music or other sound: » I like exercising to music.» He left the stage to the sound of booing.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (BELONGING) F0 matching or belonging to: » He's given me the keys to his car - the fool!» I've lost the trousers to this jacket.F0 having as a characteristic feature: » She has a mean side to her.» There is a very moral tone to this book.• • • Extra Examples:» Is there a cover to this book?» There is a softer side to her nature.» I gave her the password to my computer.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (BETWEEN) ► B2 used in phrases that show a range: » There must have been 30 to 35 (= a number between 30 and 35) people there.Thesaurus+: ↑Range and limits• • • Extra Examples:» The police are expecting four to five thousand marchers tomorrow.» We have allowed two to four drinks per person.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (CAUSING) ► C2 causing a particular feeling in a particular person: » That's when I learned, to my horror, that she was coming here.Thesaurus+: ↑Causing things to happen• • • Extra Examples:» To their great surprise, they all passed the exam.» I learned, to my annoyance, that he had already left.» To my complete horror, the car turned right over.» To my despair, I saw that the water was rising.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (COMPARED WITH) B1 compared with: » She's earning a reasonable wage, but nothing to what she could if she was in the private sector.» Paul beat me by three games to two (= he won three and I won two).» He was old enough to be her father - she looked about 30 to his 60.Thesaurus+: ↑Comparing and contrastingB1 used to show the position of something or someone in comparison with something or someone else: » John's standing to the left of Adrian in the photo.» The Yorkshire Dales are twenty miles to the north of the city.Thesaurus+: ↑Next to and beside• • • Extra Examples:» I live to the north of Warsaw.» I weigh ten stone to his eight.» She thinks her house is great, but it's nothing to where I live.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (CONNECTION) B1 in connection with: » What was their response to your query?» She was so rude to me.» There's a funny side to everything.B1 used to say where something is fastened or connected: » The paper was fastened to the wall with tape.» A fast rail service connects us to the city.• • • Extra Examples:» She has no rightful claim to the title.» Like so many men, he has problems committing himself to a relationship.» She is known chiefly for her commitment to nuclear disarmament.» The public's response to the crisis appeal was generous and compassionate.» They planned to put up a statue to the president.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (CONSIDERED BY) ► F0 considered by: » I realize it may sound strange to you.» I mean, £50 is nothing to him (= he would not consider it a large amount).» INFORMAL "I hear you've been going out with Sally." "Well, what's it to you?" (= It should not interest you, and you have no right to ask about it.)• • • Extra Examples:» Our house must seem luxurious to them.» Loyalty doesn't mean anything to them.» It seemed odd to me that they didn't want to come to London.» Our customs probably seem funny to them.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (EXTREME) ► F0 used to suggest an extreme state: » Look at your shirt - it's torn to shreds!» She was thrilled to bits.» I was bored to tears.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (FOR EACH) ► F0 for each: » How many francs are there to the pound?» This car does about 50 miles to the gallon.» If we go swimming together I do six lengths to her twelve.→ COMPARE PER(Cf. ↑per)Thesaurus+: ↑Both, all, each and every• • • Extra Examples:» How many euros are there to the pound?» There are three children to each teacher.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (FUTURE) F0 used before an infinitive, usually with 'be', to indicate a future action: » The government announced today that it is to cut funding for the arts for next year.→ SEE ALSO TO-BE(Cf. ↑to-be)Thesaurus+: ↑Verb forms, tenses and types of verbsF0 used in this pattern to say what someone should do or to give an order: » You're not to (= you must not) bite your nails like that.F0 Newspapers often use to + infinitive without 'be' in their headlines (= titles of articles) when reporting planned future events: » France to send troops in.Thesaurus+: ↑Verb forms, tenses and types of verbs• • • Extra Examples:» We are to leave tomorrow at dawn.» You are to go to your room immediately.» If he is to pass the exam, he must do more work.» Troops are to take over the role of the fire brigade.» He said we were not to leave the room.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (IN HONOUR OF) ► F0 in honour or memory of: » I proposed a toast to the bride and the groom.» The record is dedicated to her mother, who died recently.• • • Extra Examples:» The book is dedicated to her son.» I'd like to dedicate the movie to the memory of my father.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (INFINITIVE) A1 used before a verb to show that it is in the infinitive A1 used after some verbs, especially when the action described in the infinitive will happen later: » She agreed to help.» I'll have to tell him.» Sadly, she didn't live to see her grandchildren.A1 used after many verbs of agreeing, needing, and wanting: » I need to eat something first.» I'd love to live in New York.» That child ought to be in bed.A2 used instead of repeating a verb clause: » "Are you going tonight?" "I'm certainly hoping to."A1 used in phrases where there are reported orders and requests: » He told me to wait.» Did anyone ask Daniel to book the room?A1 used after some adjectives: » It's not likely to happen.» Three months is too long to wait.» She's not strong enough to go walking up mountains.F0 used after some nouns: » He has this enviable ability to ignore everything that's unpleasant in life.» This will be my second attempt to make flaky pastry.F0 A clause containing to + infinitive can be used as the subject of a sentence: » To go overseas on your own is very brave.» My plan was to get it all arranged before I told anyone.A1 used after question words: » I don't know what to do.» Can you tell me how to get there?A2 used with an infinitive to express use or purpose: » I'm going there to see my sister.» This tool is used to make holes in leather.» To make this cake, you'll need two eggs, 175 grams of sugar, and 175 grams of flour.» He works to get paid, not because he enjoys it.F0 You can introduce a clause with a phrase containing to + infinitive: » To be honest (= speaking honestly), Elaine, I prefer you in the grey shirt.» To be quite truthful with you, Betty, I never really liked the man.A1 used with an infinitive after 'there is' or 'there are' and a noun: » There's an awful lot of work to be done.to be going on with UKF0 To be going on with means in order to continue with the present activity or situation: » Do we have enough paint to be going on with, or should I get some more while I'm out?Thesaurus+: ↑Until a particular moment• • • Extra Examples:» This meat is difficult to chew.» On a hot day it's lovely to hear the chink of ice in a glass.» I'd prefer not to work but I don't have much choice .» It's impossible to park in the city centre.» There was a clap of thunder and then it started to pour with rain.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (POSITIVE) ► F0 relating to a positive reaction or result: » Is the room to your liking, madam?» I think being present at the meeting would be to your advantage.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (RECEIVING) A2 used for showing who receives something or who experiences an action: » I lent my bike to my brother.» I told that to Glyn and he was horrified.» Who's the letter addressed to?A2 With many verbs that have two objects, 'to' can be used before the indirect object: » Give me that gun./Give that gun to me.• • • Extra Examples:» Who should I make out this cheque to ?» When you've finished your work sheets, clip them together and hand them in to me.» He's a great comfort to his mother.» Has the news been communicated to the staff yet?» If the service was so bad why didn't you complain to the manager?Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (SERVING) ► B1 serving: » As a personal trainer to the rich and famous, he earns over a million dollars a year.• • • Extra Examples:» He was footman to the king.» He was doctor to the poor.» She was maid to a rich family in London.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (SHOWING DIRECTION) ► A1 in the direction of: » We're going to town on the bus, okay?» We went to Prague last year.» I asked someone the way to the town centre.» You can walk from here to the station in under ten minutes.» I've asked Helen and Ben to dinner (= invited them to come and eat dinner with me) next week.» We received another invitation to a wedding this morning.» I had my back to them, so I couldn't see what they were doing.» She walked over to the window.» He went up to a complete stranger and started talking.» You've got your sweater on back to front (= with the back of the sweater on the chest).Thesaurus+: ↑Describing movement towards• • • Extra Examples:» She goes to her doctor for regular checkups.» She gave a cheesy grin to the cameras.» Take your purchases to the sales desk, and the assistant will wrap them for you.» When we retire, we're going to move to a warmer climate.» We're going to the airport by coach.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.preposition (UNTIL) B1 until a particular time, state, or level is reached: » It's only two weeks to Christmas.» Unemployment has risen to almost eight million.» He drank himself to death.» She nursed me back to health.Thesaurus+: ↑Until a particular momentA1 used when saying the time, to mean before the stated hour: » It's twenty to six.Thesaurus+: ↑Days and times of day• • • Extra Examples:» Cheap rate for overseas phone calls is from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m.» The Spanish Civil War lasted from 1936 to 1939.» My daughter cried herself to sleep about it for about a week.» Molly studied music to grade 7, I think it was.» The whole course was a disaster from start to finish.Common mistake: to or too?! Warning: Choose the right word!! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings. |
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