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单词 down
释义

down

adverb
 
/daʊn/
/daʊn/
For the special uses of down in phrasal verbs, look at the entries for the verbs. For example climb down is in the phrasal verb section at climb.Idioms
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  1.  
     to or at a lower place or position
    • She jumped down off the chair.
    • He looked down at her.
    • We watched as the sun went down.
    • She bent down to pick up her glove.
    • Mary's not down yet (= she is still upstairs).
    • The baby can't keep any food down (= in her body).
    • I stuck the label down with sellotape.
  2.  
     from a standing position to a sitting or lying position
    • Please sit down.
    • He had to go and lie down for a while.
  3.  
     at a lower level or rate
    • Prices have gone down recently.
    • We're already two goals down (= the other team has two goals more).
    Language Bank fallfallDescribing a decrease
      • Car crime in Oxford fell significantly last year.
      • Car crime fell by about a quarter over a 12-month period.
      • The number of stolen vehicles dropped from 1 013 to 780, a fall of 26 per cent.
      • According to this data, 780 vehicles were stolen, 26 per cent down on the previous year.
      • There was an 11 per cent drop in reported thefts from motor vehicles, from 1 971 to 1 737.
      • These figures show that, as far as car crime is concerned, the main trend is downwards.
  4.  
     used to show that the amount or strength of something is lower, or that there is less activity
    • Turn the music down!
    • The class settled down and she began the lesson.
  5.  
     on paper; on a list
    • Did you get that down?
    • I always write everything down.
    • Have you got me down for the trip?
  6. (in a crossword) reading from top to bottom, not from side to side
    • I can't do 3 down.
  7. to or in the south of a country
    • They flew down to Texas.
    • Houses are more expensive down south.
  8. from an important or famous place, especially a large city, to a smaller or less famous place
    • We've got people from the head office coming down.
    • (British English) Her daughter's down from Oxford (= Oxford University) for the holidays.
  9. used to show the limits in a range or an order
    • Everyone will be there, from the Principal down.
  10. having lost the amount of money mentioned
    • At the end of the day we were £20 down.
  11. if you pay an amount of money down, you pay that to start with, and the rest later
  12. (informal) used to say how far you have got in a list of things you have to do
    • Well, I've seen six apartments so far. That's six down and four to go!
  13. (informal) to or at a local place such as a shop, pub, etc.
    • I'm just going down to the post office.
    • I saw him down at the shops.
    In informal British English, to and at are often left out after down in this sense: He's gone down the shops.
  14. used to tell an animal or person to sit or lie
    • ‘Down, boy!’ she laughed as the dog jumped up to greet her.
    15. Word Originadverb Old English dūn, dūne, shortened from adūne ‘downward’, from the phrase of dūne ‘off the hill’.
Idioms
be down to somebody
  1. (informal) to be the responsibility of somebody
    • It's down to you to check the door.
be down to somebody/something
  1. to be caused by a particular person or thing
    • She claimed her problems were down to the media.
be down to something
  1. to have only a little money left
    • I'm down to my last dollar.
be/go down with something
  1. to have or catch an illnessTopics Illnessc2
down and dirty (North American English, informal)
  1. behaving in an unfair or aggressive way, especially because you want to win
    • The candidate again got down and dirty with his rival.
    • The online campaign was getting down and dirty.
  2. rude and making you feel shocked
    • The singer got down and dirty at the club last night and made headlines again.
    • The singers are a down-and-dirty duo from Ohio.
    More Like This Alliteration in idiomsAlliteration in idioms
    • belt and braces
    • black and blue
    • born and bred
    • chalk and cheese
    • chop and change
    • done and dusted
    • down and dirty
    • in dribs and drabs
    • eat somebody out of house and home
    • facts and figures
    • fast and furious
    • first and foremost
    • forgive and forget
    • hale and hearty
    • hem and haw
    • kith and kin
    • mix and match
    • part and parcel
    • puff and pant
    • to rack and ruin
    • rant and rave
    • risk life and limb
    • short and sweet
    • signed and sealed
    • spic and span
    • through thick and thin
    • this and that
    • top and tail
    • tried and tested
    • wax and wane
down through something
  1. (formal) during a long period of time
    • Down through the years this town has seen many changes.
down to the last, smallest, final, etc. something
  1. including every small part or detail of something
    • She organized everything down to the last detail.
down under
  1. (informal) to or in Australia and/or New Zealand
down with somebody/something
  1. used to say that you are opposed to something, or to a person
    • The crowds chanted ‘Down with NATO!’
have/get something down
  1. to be able to do something easily or well
    • She's young and she hasn't really got it down yet.
    • The teacher gave us the music to the song and we had two weeks to get it down.
    • It looked easy once you got the system down.
you can’t keep a good man down
  1. (saying) a person who is determined or wants something very much will succeedTopics Successc2

down

preposition
 
/daʊn/
/daʊn/
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  1.  
     from a high or higher point on something to a lower one
    • The stone rolled down the hill.
    • Tears ran down her face.
    • Her hair hung down her back to her waist.
  2.  
     along; towards the direction in which you are facing
    • He lives just down the street.
    • Go down the road till you reach the traffic lights.
    • There's a bridge a mile down the river from here.
  3. all through a period of time
    • an exhibition of costumes down the ages (= from all periods of history)
    4. Word Originpreposition Old English dūn, dūne, shortened from adūne ‘downward’, from the phrase of dūne ‘off the hill’.

down

verb
/daʊn/
/daʊn/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they down
/daʊn/
/daʊn/
he / she / it downs
/daʊnz/
/daʊnz/
past simple downed
/daʊnd/
/daʊnd/
past participle downed
/daʊnd/
/daʊnd/
-ing form downing
/ˈdaʊnɪŋ/
/ˈdaʊnɪŋ/
Idioms
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  1. down something to finish a drink or eat something quickly
    • We downed our coffees and left.
    Topics Feelingsc2
  2. down somebody/something to force somebody/something down to the ground
    • to down a plane
    • Storms downed trees and power lines.
  3. down something (in american football) to touch the ball to the ground or touch your knee to the ground while holding the ball, so play has to stop
    • He downed the ball inside the three-yard line.
  4. down something (in golf) to hit a ball into a hole
    • Matthews downed a birdie putt at 15 to begin his comeback.
    synonym sink (10)
    5. Word Originverb Old English dūn, dūne, shortened from adūne ‘downward’, from the phrase of dūne ‘off the hill’.
Idioms
down tools
  1. (British English) (of workers) to stop work; to go on strike

down

adjective
/daʊn/
/daʊn/
 [not before noun]Idioms
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  1. moving or directed downwards or away from a place
    • The down escalator isn't working.
    • Click the down arrow.
  2. (informal) sad or depressed
    • I feel a bit down today.
    • You look a bit down. Is something the matter?
    • Don't let the weather get you down.
    Topics Feelingsb2
  3. (of a computer or computer system) not working
    • The system was down all morning.
    see also downtimeTopics Computersc1
    4. Word Originadjective Old English dūn, dūne, shortened from adūne ‘downward’, from the phrase of dūne ‘off the hill’.
Idioms
be down on your luck
  1. (informal) to have no money because of a period of bad luck
    • In the movie they play two jazz musicians who are down on their luck.
down in the mouth
  1. unhappy and depressedTopics Feelingsc2
hit somebody when they’re down
  1. to continue to hurt somebody when they are already defeated
kick somebody when they’re down
  1. to continue to hurt somebody when they are already defeated, etc.

down

noun
/daʊn/
/daʊn/
 see also downsIdioms
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  1. [uncountable] the very fine soft feathers of a bird
    • duck down
    Topics Birdsc2
  2. [uncountable] fine soft hair see also downyTopics Appearancec2
  3. [countable, plural] (informal) a period of feeling sad or depressed, or when things are not going well
    • We all have our downs from time to time.
    • Her career has had a few downs this year.
  4. [countable] (in American football) one of a series of four chances to carry the ball forward ten yards that a team is allowed. These series continue until the team loses the ball or fails to go forward ten yards in four downs.Topics Sports: ball and racket sportsc2
    5. Word Originnoun Middle English: from Old Norse dúnn.
Idioms
have a down on somebody/something
  1. (British English, informal) to have a bad opinion of a person or thingTopics Opinion and argumentc2
ups and downs
  1. the mixture of good and bad things in life or in a particular situation or relationship
    • Every business has its ups and downs.
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更新时间：2024/11/15 9:59:16