| 单词 | order |
| 释义 | order (once / 15 pages) 1nv 2nv 3nv 4nv 5n Order is the formal arrangement of things — putting that pile of paper on your desk into neat stacks of bills, papers, letters, to-do lists and napkin poems. Order has many meanings. You can put a line of people in order from tallest to shortest, or from youngest to oldest. As a very, order also means command: Talk out of turn in court and the judge will order you to be quiet. In a restaurant you give the waiter your order, which is what you want to eat, not your idea of how to organize the pantry. An order is also a group, like the Freemasons or the Order of St. Benedict. WORD FAMILYorder: disorder, ordered, orderer, ordering, orderly, orders, reorder, suborder, superorder+/disorder: disordered, disordering, disorderly, disorders/disordered: disorderedly/disorderly: disorderliness/ordered: unordered/orderer: orderers/ordering: orderings/orderly: orderlies, orderliness/reorder: reordered, reordering, reorders/suborder: suborders USAGE EXAMPLESThe fire department ordered shoppers to leave the store, but some didn’t want to leave even as managers closed it. Washington Times(Jan 03, 2017) The fire department ordered shoppers to leave the store, but some didn't want to leave even as managers closed it. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) Starship’s robots work this way: Customers use a mobile app to order an item. Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016) 1 1n logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements we shall consider these questions in the inverse order of their presentation Syn|Hypo|Hyper ordering, ordination bacteria order an order of bacteria word orderthe order of words in a text genetic codethe ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells genomethe ordering of genes in a haploid set of chromosomes of a particular organism; the full DNA sequence of an organism seriessimilar things placed in order or happening one after another Stations, Stations of the Cross(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary chain, concatenationa series of things depending on each other as if linked together cordona series of sentinels or of military posts enclosing or guarding some place or thing course, linea connected series of events or actions or developments cyclea series of poems or songs on the same theme electrochemical series, electromotive force series, electromotive seriesa serial arrangement of metallic elements or ions according to their electrode potentials determined under specified conditions; the order shows the tendency of one metal to reduce the ions of any other metal below it in the series hierarchya series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system triplet codethe normal version of the genetic code in which a sequence of three nucleotides codes for the synthesis of a specific amino acid nexusa connected series or group patterned advance, progressiona series with a definite pattern of advance blizzard, rasha series of unexpected and unpleasant occurrences sequenceserial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern string, traina sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding successiona group of people or things arranged or following in order wave traina succession of waves spaced at regular intervals helium groupthe series of inert gases actinide series(chemistry) a series of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers from actinium to lawrencium lanthanide seriesthe rare-earth elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71; having properties similar to lanthanum arrangement an orderly grouping (of things or persons) considered as a unit; the result of arranging 2n a condition of regular or proper arrangement he put his desk in order the machine is now in working order Syn|Ant|Hypo|Hyper orderliness disorder, disorderliness a condition in which things are not in their expected places spit and polish careful attention to order and appearance (as in the military) kelter, kilterin working order tidinessthe habit of being tidy neatness, sprucenessthe state of being neat and smart and trim condition, status a state at a particular time 3n established customary state (especially of society) order ruled in the streets law and order Ant|Hypo|Hyper disorder a disturbance of the peace or of public order civil order, polity the form of government of a social organization rule of lawa state of order in which events conform to the law quiet, tranquility, tranquillityan untroubled state; free from disturbances concord, concordance, harmonya harmonious state of things in general and of their properties (as of colors and sounds); congruity of parts with one another and with the whole stabilitya stable order (especially of society) peacethe state prevailing during the absence of war peaceharmonious relations; freedom from disputes comitya state or atmosphere of harmony or mutual civility and respect amitya state of friendship and cordiality armistice, cease-fire, trucea state of peace agreed to between opponents so they can discuss peace terms accord, agreementharmony of people's opinions or actions or characters conciliationthe state of manifesting goodwill and cooperation after being reconciled collective securitya system for international peace Pax Romanathe Roman peace; the long period of peace enforced on states in the Roman Empire state the way something is with respect to its main attributes 4n a body of rules followed by an assembly Syn|Exp|Hypo|Hyper parliamentary law, parliamentary procedure, rules of order Robert's Rules of Order a book of rules for presiding over a meeting; written by Henry M. Martin in 1876 and subsequently updated through many editions interpellation (parliament) a parliamentary procedure of demanding that a government official explain some act or policy standing ordera rule of order permanently in force closure, cloture, gag law, gag rulea rule for limiting or ending debate in a deliberative body point of ordera question as to whether the current proceedings are allowed by parliamentary procedure previous questiona motion calling for an immediate vote on the main question under discussion by a deliberative assembly closure by compartment, guillotineclosure imposed on the debate of specific sections of a bill prescript, rule prescribed guide for conduct or action 5n the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement Syn|Hypo|Hyper ordering rank order an arrangement according to rank grading, scalingthe act of arranging in a graduated series sequence, successionthe action of following in order layoutthe act of laying out (as by making plans for something) alphabetisation, alphabetizationthe act of putting in alphabetical order chess opening, openinga recognized sequence of moves at the beginning of a game of chess alternationsuccessive change from one thing or state to another and back again organisation, organization the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically 6v bring order to or into Ant|Hypo|Hyper disarray, disorder bring disorder to clean up, neaten, square away, straighten, straighten out, tidy, tidy up put (things or places) in order systematise, systematize, systemise, systemizearrange according to a system or reduce to a system collateto assemble in proper sequence disentangle, straighten out, unsnarlextricate from entanglement make, make upput in order or neaten digestsystematize, as by classifying and summarizing codifyorganize into a code or system, such as a body of law loosen, tease, tease apartdisentangle and raise the fibers of ravel, ravel out, unraveldisentangle clean, clean house, housecleanclean and tidy up the house arrange, set up put into a proper or systematic order 7v place in a certain order order the photos chronologically Hyper arrange, set up put into a proper or systematic order 8v assign a rank or rating to Syn|Hypo|Hyper grade, place, range, rank, rate superordinate place in a superior order or rank shortlistput someone or something on a short list seeddistribute (players or teams) so that outstanding teams or players will not meet in the early rounds reorderassign a new order to subordinaterank or order as less important or consider of less value prioritise, prioritizeassign a priority to sequencearrange in a sequence downgraderate lower; lower in value or esteem upgraderate higher; raise in value or esteem invert, reversereverse the position, order, relation, or condition of countermarchchange the order of soldiers during a march outclasscause to appear in a lower class evaluate, judge, pass judgment form a critical opinion of 9v arrange thoughts, ideas, temporal events 2Syn|Hypo|Hyper arrange, put, set up contemporise, contemporize, synchronise, synchronize arrange or represent events so that they co-occur phrasedivide, combine, or mark into phrases organise, organize cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea 1n (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed the British ships dropped anchor and waited for orders from London Hypo|Hyper marching orders an order from a superior officer for troops to depart summonsan order to appear in person at a given place and time worda verbal command for action call upan order to report for military duty bid, bidding, command, dictation an authoritative direction or instruction to do something 2n a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge) a friend in New Mexico said that the order caused no trouble out there Syn|Hypo|Hyper decree, edict, fiat, rescript consent decree an agreement between two parties that is sanctioned by the court; for example, a company might agree to stop certain questionable practices without admitting guilt curfewan order that after a specific time certain activities (as being outside on the streets) are prohibited decree nisia decree issued on a first petition for divorce; becomes absolute at some later date imperial decreea decree issued by a sovereign ruler judicial separation, legal separationa judicial decree regulating the rights and responsibilities of a married couple living apart programmaan edict that has been publicly posted ban, prohibition, proscriptiona decree that prohibits something staya judicial order forbidding some action until an event occurs or the order is lifted bull, papal bulla formal proclamation issued by the pope (usually written in antiquated characters and sealed with a leaden bulla) ukasean edict of the Russian tsar pragmatic, pragmatic sanctionan imperial decree that becomes part of the fundamental law of the land stay of executionan order whereby a judgment is precluded from being executed for a specific period of time banning-orderan order that bans something cease and desist order, enjoining, enjoinment, injunction(law) a judicial remedy issued in order to prohibit a party from doing or continuing to do a certain activity interdict, interdictiona court order prohibiting a party from doing a certain activity act, enactment a legal document codifying the result of deliberations of a committee or society or legislative body 3v give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority She ordered him to do the shopping Syn|Hypo|Hyper enjoin, say, tell direct command with authority instructgive instructions or directions for some task command, requiremake someone do something call, send fororder, request, or command to come warnask to go away chargeinstruct or command with authority chargeinstruct (a jury) about the law, its application, and the weighing of evidence burden, charge, saddleimpose a task upon, assign a responsibility to requisitionmake a formal request for official services cite, summon, summonscall in an official matter, such as to attend court beepcall, summon, or alert with a beeper call back, recallsummon to return call insummon to a particular activity or employment liftcall to stop the hunt or to retire, as of hunting dogs mustercall to duty, military service, jury duty, etc. disallow, forbid, interdict, nix, prohibit, proscribe, vetocommand against hailcall for summonask to come stetprinting: direct that a matter marked for omission or correction is to be retained (used in the imperative) call up, mobilise, mobilize, rallycall to arms; of military personnel request ask (a person) to do something 4v bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations Syn|Ant|Hypo|Hyper govern, regularise, regularize, regulate deregulate lift the regulations on standardise, standardize cause to conform to standard or norm district, zoneregulate housing in; of certain areas of towns gaugeadapt to a specified measurement decide, determine, make up one's mind reach, make, or come to a decision about something 5v issue commands or orders for 3Syn|Hypo|Hyper dictate, prescribe mandate make mandatory bring down, impose, inflict, visit impose something unpleasant 1n a request for something to be made, supplied, or served I gave the waiter my order the company's products were in such demand that they got more orders than their call center could handle Hypo|Hyper short order an order for food that can be prepared quickly asking, request the verbal act of requesting 2n a commercial document used to request someone to supply something in return for payment and providing specifications and quantities IBM received an order for a hundred computers Syn|Hypo|Hyper purchase order bill-me order, credit order an order that is received without payment; requires billing at a later date indentan order for goods to be exported or imported market orderan order to a broker to sell or buy stocks or commodities at the prevailing market price production orderan order that initiates the manufacturing process reordera repeated order for the same merchandise stop order, stop-loss orderan order to a broker to sell (buy) when the price of a security falls (rises) to a designated level stop paymenta depositor's order to a bank to refuse payment on a check mail ordera purchase negotiated by mail open accountan unpaid credit order commercial document, commercial instrument a document of or relating to commerce 3v make a request for something 4order a work stoppage Hypo|Hyper reorder make a new request to be supplied with placeto arrange for callorder or request or give a command for wishorder politely; express a wish for commissionplace an order for bespeak, call for, quest, request express the need or desire for; ask for 1n a formal association of people with similar interests men from the fraternal order will staff the soup kitchen today Syn|Hypo|Hyper club, gild, guild, lodge, social club, society athenaeum, atheneum a literary or scientific association for the promotion of learning bookcluba club that people join in order to buy selected books at reduced prices chaptera local branch of some fraternity or association chess cluba club of people to play chess country cluba suburban club for recreation and socializing frat, fraternitya social club for male undergraduates glee cluba club organized to sing together golf cluba club of people to play golf hunt, hunt cluban association of huntsmen who hunt for sport investors cluba club of small investors who buy and sell securities jointly jockey cluba club to promote and regulate horse racing racket clubclub for players of racket sports rowing cluba club for rowers slate cluba group of people who save money in a common fund for a specific purpose (usually distributed at Christmas) sororitya social club for female undergraduates turnvereina club of tumblers or gymnasts boat club, yacht clubclub that promotes and supports yachting and boating service cluba club of professional or business people organized for their coordination and active in public services tennis cluba club of people to play tennis International Association of Lions clubs, Lions Clubclub dedicated to promoting responsible citizenship and good government and community and national and international welfare Rotary Club, Rotary Internationala group of businessmen in a town organized as a service club and to promote world peace association a formal organization of people or groups of people 2n a group of person living under a religious rule the order of Saint Benedict Syn|Hypo|Hyper monastic order Augustinian order any of several monastic orders observing a rule derived from the writings of St. Augustine Benedictine order, order of Saint Benedicta Roman Catholic monastic order founded in the 6th century; noted for liturgical worship and for scholarly activities Carmelite order, Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmela Roman Catholic mendicant order founded in the 12th century Carthusian orderan austere contemplative Roman Catholic order founded by St. Bruno in 1084 Dominican ordera Roman Catholic order of mendicant preachers founded in the 13th century Franciscan ordera Roman Catholic order founded by Saint Francis of Assisi in the 13th century Jesuit order, Society of Jesusa Roman Catholic order founded by Saint Ignatius of Loyola in 1534 to defend Catholicism against the Reformation and to do missionary work among the heathen; it is strongly committed to education and scholarship Augustinian Canonsan Augustinian monastic order Augustinian Hermitsa monastic order of friars established in 1256 by the Pope Austin Friarsan Augustinian monastic order religious order, religious sect, sect a subdivision of a larger religious group 3v appoint to a clerical posts 5Syn|Hyper consecrate, ordain, ordinate enthrone, invest, vest provide with power and authority 1n a degree in a continuum of size or quantity it was on the order of a mile an explosion of a low order of magnitude Syn|Hyper order of magnitude magnitude the property of relative size or extent (whether large or small) 2n (biology) taxonomic group containing one or more families Hypo|Hyper animal order the order of animals protoctist orderthe order of protoctists plant orderthe order of plants fungus orderthe order of fungi Eubacteriales, order Eubacterialesone of two usually recognized orders of true bacteria; Gram-positive spherical or rod-shaped forms; some are motile; in some classifications considered an order of Schizomycetes Pseudomonadales, order Pseudomonadalesone of two usually recognized orders of true bacteria; Gram-negative spiral or spherical or rod-shaped bacteria usually motile by polar flagella; some contain photosynthetic pigments Rickettsiales, order Rickettsialespleomorphic Gram-negative microorganisms Mycoplasmatales, order Mycoplasmatalescoextensive with the family Mycoplasmataceae Actinomycetales, order Actinomycetalesfilamentous or rod-shaped bacteria Myxobacterales, Myxobacteriales, order Myxobacterales, order Myxobacteria, order Myxobacterialesan order of higher bacteria Spirochaetales, order Spirochaetaleshigher bacteria; slender spiral rodlike forms Heliozoa, order Heliozoamostly freshwater protozoa Radiolaria, order Radiolariamarine protozoa Amoebida, Amoebina, order Amoebida, order Amoebinathe animal order including amoebas Foraminifera, order Foraminiferaforaminifers Testacea, order Testaceatestacean rhizopods Heterotrichales, order Heterotrichalesyellow-green algae with simple or branching filaments; comprising the single family Tribonemaceae Laminariales, order Laminarialesin some classifications coextensive with family Laminariaceae: marine brown algae of cold or polar seas Fucales, order Fucalescoextensive with the family Fucaceae Ulvales, order Ulvalesan order of protoctist Volvocales, order Volvocaleschiefly freshwater green algae; solitary or colonial Zygnemales, Zygnematales, order Zygnemales, order Zygnematalespond scums; desmids Chlorococcales, order Chlorococcalesunicellular green algae that reproduce by spores Oedogoniales, order oedogonialessimple or branched filamentous freshwater green algae Charales, order Charalessmall order of macroscopic fresh and brackish water algae with a distinct axis: stoneworts Cilioflagellata, Dinoflagellata, order Cilioflagellata, order Dinoflagellatain some classifications considered a phylum of the kingdom Protista; in others included in the plant phylum Pyrrophyta Hypermastigina, order Hypermastiginacellulose-producing flagellates Polymastigina, order Polymastiginasmall usually parasitic flagellates Coccidia, order Coccidiaan order in the subclass Telosporidia Gregarinida, order Gregarinidaan order in the subclass Telosporidia Haemosporidia, order Haemosporidiaan order in the subclass Telosporidia Sarcosporidia, order Sarcosporidiaimperfectly known parasites of the muscles of vertebrates Haplosporidia, order Haplosporidiaan order in the subclass Acnidosporidia Actinomyxidia, order Actinomyxidiaparasites of worms Mycrosporidia, order Mycrosporidiaan order in the subclass Cnidosporidia Myxosporidia, order Myxosporidiaan order in the subclass Cnidosporidia Malacopterygii, superorder Malacopterygiian extensive group of teleost fishes having fins supported by flexible cartilaginous rays Cypriniformes, order Cypriniformesan order of animals including almost entirely freshwater fishes: characins; loaches; carp; suckers; sometimes classified as a suborder of Ostariophysi Berycomorphi, order Berycomorphian order of spiny-finned fish in the superorder Acanthopterygii Zeomorphi, order Zeomorphidories Solenichthyes, order Solenichthyesbellows fishes; shrimpfishes; cornetfishes; pipefishes; small order of chiefly tropical marine fishes of varied and bizarre form all having a small mouth at the end of a drawn-out tubular snout Ostracodermi, order Ostracodermiextinct group of armored jawless vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear Heterostraci, suborder Heterostraciextinct group of armored jawless fishes or fish-like vertebrate; taxonomy is not clear Cephalaspida, Osteostraci, suborder Cephalaspida, suborder Osteostraciextinct group of armored fish-like vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear Anaspida, order Anaspidaextinct order of jawless vertebrates Conodonta, Conodontophorida, order Conodonta, order Conodontophoridaextinct order of primitive vertebrates; the precise taxonomy is not clear; in some classifications considered a separate phylum Cyclostomata, order Cyclostomataprimitive jawless aquatic vertebrate: lampreys; hagfishes Hyperoartia, Petromyzoniformes, suborder Hyperoartia, suborder Petromyzoniformeslampreys as distinguished from hagfishes Hyperotreta, Myxiniformes, Myxinoidea, Myxinoidei, suborder Hyperotreta, suborder Myxiniformes, suborder Myxinoideihagfishes as distinguished from lampreys Torpediniformes, order Torpediniformesrays with bodies shaped like torpedoes Batoidei, Rajiformes, order Batoidei, order Rajiformesfish with dorsoventrally flattened bodies; includes: rays; skates; guitarfishes; sawfishes Ratitae, superorder Ratitaeused in former classifications to include all ratite bird orders Struthioniformes, order Struthioniformesa ratite bird order: ostriches and related extinct birds; known from the Pleistocene onward Casuariiformes, order Casuariiformesa ratite bird order: cassowaries and emus Apterygiformes, order Apterygiformesa ratite bird order: flightless ground birds having vestigial wings and long bills and small eyes: kiwis Rheiformes, order Rheiformesa ratite bird order: birds intermediate in characteristics between ostriches and emus: recent and extinct rheas Aepyorniformes, order Aepyorniformeshuge extinct flightless birds: elephant birds Dinornithiformes, order Dinornithiformesa ratite bird order: recently extinct flightless birds of New Zealand Insessores, order Insessores, percher, perching birda bird with feet adapted for perching (as on tree branches); this order is now generally abandoned by taxonomists Passeriformes, order Passeriformeslargest order of birds comprising about half the known species; rooks; finches; sparrows; tits; warblers; robins; wrens; swallows; etc.; the four suborders are Eurylaimi and Tyranni and Menurae and Oscines or Passeres Oscines, Passeres, suborder Oscines, suborder Passerestwo names for the suborder of typical songbirds Menurae, suborder Menuraelyrebirds and scrubbirds Eurylaimi, suborder Eurylaimibroadbills Tyranni, suborder TyranniNew World flycatchers; antbirds; oven birds; woodhewers Clamatores, suborder Clamatoresused in some classification systems; a suborder or superfamily nearly coextensive with suborder Tyranni; Passeriformes having relatively simple vocal organs and little power of song; clamatorial birds Raptores, order Raptoresterm used in former classifications; erroneously grouped together birds of the orders Falconiformes and Strigiformes Falconiformes, order Falconiformeschiefly diurnal carnivorous birds having hooked beaks and long talons with opposable hind toe: falcons; hawks; eagles; ospreys; caracaras; vultures Strigiformes, order Strigiformesowls Caudata, Urodella, order Caudata, order Urodellasalamanders; newts; congo snakes Anura, Batrachia, Salientia, order Anura, order Batrachia, order Salientiafrogs, toads, tree toads Gymnophiona, order Gymnophionaan order of amphibians including caecilians Labyrinthodonta, Labyrinthodontia, superorder Labyrinthodonta, superorder Labyrinthodontiaextinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic Stereospondyli, order Stereospondyliformerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; amphibia having vertebrae whose component elements are fused into a single piece Stegocephalia, order Stegocephaliain former classifications a division of class Amphibia comprising all pre-Jurassic and some later extinct large salamandriform amphibia Temnospondyli, order Temnospondyliformerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; large Carboniferous and Permian amphibians having vertebrae in which some elements remain separate Chelonia, Testudinata, Testudines, order Chelonia, order Testudinata, order Testudinestortoises and turtles Rhynchocephalia, order Rhynchocephaliatuataras; extinct forms from middle Triassic Squamata, order Squamatadiapsid reptiles: snakes and lizards Lacertilia, Sauria, suborder Lacertilia, suborder Sauriatrue lizards; including chameleons and geckos Crocodilia, Crocodylia, order Crocodilia, order Crocodyliacrocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials Loricata, order Loricataformer name for the order Crocodylia Ornithischia, order Ornithischiaextinct terrestrial reptiles having bird-like pelvises: armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans); boneheaded and horned dinosaurs (marginocephalians); duck-billed dinosaurs (euronithopods) Thyreophora, suborder Thyreophora, thyreophoranarmored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs Marginocephalia, marginocephalian, suborder Marginocephaliaincludes boneheaded (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs suborder Pachycephalosaurusboneheaded dinosaurs; late Cretaceous Ceratopsia, suborder Ceratopsiahorned dinosaurs Euronithopoda, Ornithopoda, euronithopod, suborder Euronithopoda, suborder Ornithopodawidespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon) Saurischia, order Saurischiaextinct terrestrial reptiles: theropods (carnivorous); sauropods (herbivorous) Sauropodomorpha, suborder Sauropodomorphagigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having huge bodies with long necks and small heads: Prosauropoda and Sauropoda (apatosaurus, diplodocus and titanosaurs) Prosauropoda, suborder Prosauropodathe earliest known dinosaurs Sauropoda, suborder Sauropodaany of the sauropod dinosaurs Theropoda, suborder Theropodacarnivorous saurischian dinosaurs with short forelimbs; Jurassic and Cretaceous suborder Ceratosauraprimitive saurischian dinosaurs Carnosaura, suborder Carnosauralargest carnivorous land animals ever known Ornithomimida, suborder Ornithomimidalightly built medium-size theropods Maniraptora, suborder Maniraptoraadvanced theropods including oviraptorids and dromaeosaurs and possibly even modern birds Therapsida, order Therapsidaextinct mammal-like reptiles found inhabiting all continents from the mid Permian to late Triassic Ictodosauria, order Ictodosauriaextinct reptiles of the later Triassic period Pelycosauria, order Pelycosauriaedaphosaurus; dimetrodon Pterosauria, order Pterosauriaextinct flying reptiles: pterosaurs Thecodontia, order Thecodontiaextinct terrestrial reptiles having teeth set in sockets; of the late Permian to Triassic Ichthyosauria, order Ichthyosauriaextinct marine reptiles: ichthyosaurs Sauropterygia, order Sauropterygiaextinct marine reptiles: plesiosaurs; nothosaurs Plesiosauria, suborder Plesiosauriaany of the plesiosaurs Nothosauria, suborder Nothosauriaa suborder of Sauropterygia Ophidia, Serpentes, suborder Ophidia, suborder Serpentessnakes Opiliones, Phalangida, order Opiliones, order Phalangidaharvestmen Scorpionida, order Scorpionidatrue scorpions Chelonethida, Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudoscorpionida, order Chelonethida, order Pseudoscorpiones, order Pseudoscorpionidafalse scorpions Pedipalpi, Uropygi, order Pedipalpi, order Uropygiwhip scorpions Araneae, Araneida, order Araneae, order Araneidaspiders Acarina, order Acarinamites and ticks Geophilomorpha, order Geophilomorphasmall elongate centipedes living in soil and under stones and having more than 30 pairs of legs Pycnogonida, order Pycnogonidasea spiders Xiphosura, order Xiphosurahorseshoe crabs and extinct forms Eurypterida, order Eurypteridaextinct aquatic arthropods of the Paleozoic Galliformes, order Galliformespheasants; turkeys; grouse; partridges; quails; chickens; brush turkeys; curassows; hoatzins Tinamiformes, order Tinamiformescoextensive with the family Tinamidae Columbiformes, order Columbiformessand grouse; pigeons; doves; extinct dodos and solitaires Psittaciformes, order Psittaciformesan order of birds including parrots and amazons and cockatoos and lorikeets and lories and macaws and parakeets Cuculiformes, order Cuculiformescuckoos; touracos; etc. Coraciiformes, order Coraciiformesrollers; kingfishers; hornbills; hoopoes; motmots; bee eaters; todies Picariae, order Picariaeterm used in some classifications as nearly equivalent to the order Coraciiformes Apodiformes, order Apodiformesswifts; hummingbirds Caprimulgiformes, order Caprimulgiformesgoatsuckers; frogmouths; oilbirds Piciformes, order Piciformeswoodpeckers; jacamars; puffbirds; barbets; honey guides; toucans Trogoniformes, order Trogoniformestrogons Anseriformes, order Anseriformesducks; geese; swans; screamers Anseres, suborder Anseresused in some especially older classifications; coextensive with the family Anatidae Monotremata, order Monotrematacoextensive with the subclass Prototheria Marsupialia, order Marsupialiacoextensive with the subclass Metatheria Insectivora, order Insectivorashrews; moles; hedgehogs; tenrecs Lipotyphla, suborder Lipotyphlamoles; hedgehogs; true shrews Menotyphla, suborder Menotyphlaelephant shrews; tree shrews Siphonophora, order Siphonophoramarine colonial hydrozoans Actinaria, Actiniaria, order Actinaria, order Actiniariasea anemones Alcyonaria, order Alcyonariacorals and sea anemones having eight branches Alcyonacea, suborder Alcyonaceacomprising the soft corals Gorgonacea, Gorgoniacea, suborder Gorgonacea, suborder Gorgoniaceared corals and sea fans Madreporaria, order Madreporariastony corals Cydippea, Cydippida, Cydippidea, order Cydippea, order Cydippida, order Cydippideactenophores having two long pinnate tentacles Platyctenea, order Platycteneaan order of Tentaculata Cestida, order Cestidactenophore having short tentacles; one family Lobata, order Lobatactenophore having tentacles only in the immature stage; body compressed vertically having two large oral lobes and four pointed processes Nudibranchia, order Nudibranchiacomprising numerous marine gastropod mollusks lacking a shell in the adult state and usually having a body like a slug Pulmonata, order Pulmonatalarge order of gastropods usually breathing by means of a lung-like sac comprising most land snails and slugs and many freshwater snails Pectinibranchia, order Pectinibranchialarge order of gastropods comprising univalve mollusks that have a single gill resembling a comb Aplacophora, Solenogastres, order Aplacophora, order Solenogastresan order of Amphineura Myaceae, order Myaceaeclams Octopoda, order Octopodaoctopuses and paper nautilus Decapoda, order Decapodasquids and cuttlefishes Belemnoidea, order Belemnoideaorder of extinct dibranchiate cephalopods related to the surviving spirulas Decapoda, order Decapodalobsters; crayfish; crabs; shrimps; prawns Brachyura, suborder Brachyuraan order of crustaceans (including true crabs) having a reduced abdomen folded against the ventral surface Reptantia, suborder Reptantialobsters; crabs Natantia, suborder Natantiashrimp; prawns; etc. Schizopodain former classifications a division of Malacostraca; superseded by the orders Mysidacea and Euphausiacea Euphausiacea, order Euphausiaceasmall commonly luminescent crustaceans; important element of marine plankton: krill Mysidacea, order Mysidaceaopossum shrimp Stomatopoda, order Stomatopodamantis shrimps Isopoda, order Isopodawoodlice Amphipoda, order Amphipodasmall flat-bodied semiterrestrial crustaceans: whale lice; sand-hoppers; skeleton shrimp Anostraca, order Anostracasmall aquatic crustaceans lacking a carapace: fairy shrimps; brine shrimps Notostraca, order Notostracasmall freshwater crustaceans with a shield-shaped carapace Branchiura, order Branchiuracopepods with suctorial mouthparts; parasitic on fishes Ciconiiformes, order Ciconiiformesorder of chiefly tropical marsh-dwelling fish-eating wading birds with long legs and bills and (except for flamingos) unwebbed feet: herons; storks; spoonbills; flamingos; ibises Gruiformes, order Gruiformesinland marsh-dwelling birds with long legs and necks and bills that wade in water in search of food: cranes; rails; bustards Otides, suborder Otidesterrestrial game birds of the Old World and Australia: bustards Charadriiformes, order Charadriiformeslarge diverse order of aquatic birds found along seacoasts and inland waters: shorebirds and coastal diving birds; most feed on anima life Charadrii, suborder Charadriishorebirds: plovers; sandpipers; avocets; phalaropes; coursers; stone curlews Limicolae, suborder Limicolaeterm used in some classifications for migratory shorebirds; coextensive with the Charadrii Lari, suborder Larigulls; terns; jaegers; skimmers Gaviiformes, order Gaviiformeslarge aquatic birds: loons and some extinct forms Colymbiformes, Podicipediformes, Podicipitiformes, order Colymbiformes, order Podicipediformes, order Podicipitiformesgrebes Pelecaniformes, order Pelecaniformespelicans; frigate birds; gannets; cormorants Sphenisciformes, order Sphenisciformespenguins Procellariiformes, order Procellariiformespetrels; albatrosses; shearwaters; diving petrels Cetacea, order Cetaceaan order of Eutheria Mysticeti, suborder Mysticetibaleen whales: right whales; rorquals; blue whales; humpbacks Odontoceti, suborder Odontocetitoothed whales: dolphins; porpoises; sperm whales; beaked whales Sirenia, order Sireniaan animal order including: manatees; dugongs; Steller's sea cow Carnivora, order Carnivoracats; lions; tigers; panthers; dogs; wolves; jackals; bears; raccoons; skunks; and members of the suborder Pinnipedia Pinnipedia, suborder Pinnipediaseals; sea lions; walruses Tubulidentata, order Tubulidentataan order of Eutheria Chiroptera, order Chiropteraan old order dating to early Eocene: bats: suborder Megachiroptera (fruit bats); suborder Microchiroptera (insectivorous bats) Megachiroptera, suborder Megachiropterafruit bats Microchiroptera, suborder Microchiropteramost of the bats in the world; all bats except fruit bats insectivorous bats Mantophasmatodea, order mantophasmatodeaan order of insect identified in 2002 in a 45 million year old piece of amber from the Baltic region Mecoptera, order Mecopteraan order of carnivorous insects usually having long membranous wings and long beaklike heads with chewing mouths at the tip Collembola, order Collembolaminute wingless arthropods: springtails Protura, order Proturaminute wingless arthropods: telsontails Coleoptera, order Coleopterabeetles Embiodea, Embioptera, order Embiodea, order Embiopteraweb spinners Anoplura, order Anoplurasucking lice Mallophaga, order Mallophagabiting lice Siphonaptera, order Siphonapterafleas Diptera, order Dipteraa large order of insects having a single pair of wings and sucking or piercing mouths; includes true flies and mosquitoes and gnats and crane flies Nematocera, suborder Nematoceramosquitoes; fungus gnats; crane flies; gnats; sand flies Hymenoptera, order Hymenopteraan order of insects including: bees; wasps; ants; ichneumons; sawflies; gall wasps; etc. Isoptera, order Isopteraorder of social insects that live in colonies, including: termites; often placed in subclass Exopterygota Orthoptera, order Orthopteragrasshoppers and locusts; crickets Phasmatodea, Phasmida, order Phasmatodea, order Phasmidain some classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera: stick insects; leaf insects Dictyoptera, order Dictyopterain some classifications replaced by the orders (here suborders) Blattodea (cockroaches) and Manteodea (mantids); in former classifications often subsumed under a much broader order Orthoptera Blattaria, Blattodea, suborder Blattaria, suborder Blattodeacockroaches; in some classifications considered an order Manteodea, suborder Manteodeamantises; in former classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera Hemiptera, order Hemipteraplant bugs; bedbugs; some true bugs; also includes suborders Heteroptera (true bugs) and Homoptera (e.g., aphids, plant lice and cicadas) Heteroptera, suborder Heteropteratrue bugs Homoptera, suborder Homopteraplant lice (aphids); whiteflies; cicadas; leafhoppers; plant hoppers; scale insects and mealybugs; spittle insects Corrodentia, Psocoptera, order Corrodentia, order Psocopteraan order of insects: includes booklice and bark-lice Ephemerida, Ephemeroptera, order Ephemerida, order Ephemeropteramayflies Plecoptera, order Plecopterastoneflies Neuroptera, order Neuropteraan order of insects including: lacewings; antlions; dobsonflies; alderflies; fish flies; mantispids; spongeflies Megaloptera, suborder Megalopterain some classifications considered a separate order: alderflies; dobsonflies; snake flies Odonata, order Odonatadragonflies and damselflies Anisoptera, suborder Anisopteradragonflies Zygoptera, suborder Zygopteradamselflies Trichoptera, order Trichopteraan order of insects consisting of caddis flies Thysanura, order Thysanurafirebrats; silverfish; machilids Thysanoptera, order Thysanopterathrips Dermaptera, order Dermapteraearwigs and a few related forms Lepidoptera, order Lepidopteramoths and butterflies Exocycloida, order Exocycloidaflat sea urchins Spatangoida, order Spatangoidaheart-shaped sea urchins Lagomorpha, order Lagomorpharabbits; hares; pikas; formerly considered the suborder Duplicidentata of the order Rodentia Rodentia, order Rodentiasmall gnawing animals: porcupines; rats; mice; squirrels; marmots; beavers; gophers; voles; hamsters; guinea pigs; agoutis Myomorpha, suborder Myomorphatrue rats and mice and related rodents Hystricomorpha, suborder Hystricomorphaan order of rodents including: porcupines; guinea pigs; chinchillas; etc. Sciuromorpha, suborder Sciuromorphalarge more or less primitive rodents: squirrels; marmots; gophers; beavers; etc. Dinocerata, order Dinoceratasmall order of primitive ungulates of the Paleocene and Eocene Hyracoidea, order Hyracoideahyraxes and some extinct animals Perissodactyla, order Perissodactylanonruminant ungulates: horses; tapirs; rhinoceros; extinct forms Artiodactyla, order Artiodactylaan order of hooved mammals of the subclass Eutheria (including pigs and peccaries and hippopotami and members of the suborder Ruminantia) having an even number of functional toes Ruminantia, suborder Ruminantiacattle; bison; sheep; goats; antelopes; deer; chevrotains; giraffes; camels Edentata, order Edentataorder of mammals having few or no teeth including: New World anteaters; sloths; armadillos Xenarthra, suborder Xenarthraarmadillos; American anteaters; sloths Pholidota, order Pholidotapangolins; in some former classifications included in the order Edentata Primates, order Primatesan animal order including lemurs and tarsiers and monkeys and apes and human beings Anthropoidea, suborder Anthropoideamonkeys; apes; hominids Scandentia, order Scandentiaa small order comprising only the tree shrews: in some classifications tree shrews are considered either primates (and included in the suborder Prosimii) or true insectivores (and included in the order Insectivora) Prosimii, suborder Prosimiinot used in all classifications; in some classifications considered coextensive with the Lemuroidea; in others includes both Lemuroidea and Tarsioidea Lemuroidea, suborder LemuroideaLemuridae; Lorisidae; Daubentoniidae; Indriidae; used in some classifications instead of Prosimii; in others considered a subdivision of Prosimii Strepsirhini, suborder Strepsirhiniin some classifications either coextensive with the Lemuroidea or comprising the true lemurs Tarsioidea, suborder Tarsioideain some classifications assigned to the suborder Prosimii Dermoptera, order Dermopteraflying lemurs Proboscidea, order Proboscideaan order of animals including elephants and mammoths Siluriformes, order Siluriformesan order of fish belonging to the superorder Malacopterygii including catfishes Gadiformes, order Gadiformescods, haddocks, grenadiers; in some classifications considered equivalent to the order Anacanthini Anacanthini, order Anacanthiniat least partially equivalent to the order Gadiformes in some classifications Anguilliformes, order Anguilliformes, order Apodeselongate fishes with pelvic fins and girdle absent or reduced Isospondyli, order Isospondylimost primitive teleost fishes; all are soft-finned: salmon; trout; herring; shad; sardines; anchovies; whitefish; smelts; tarpon Order Osteoglossiformes, Osteoglossiformesteleost fish with bony tongues Pediculati, order Pediculatianglers and batfishes; spiny-finned marine fishes having pectoral fins at the ends of armlike processes and a long movable spine on the dorsal fin to lure prey to the large mouth Synentognathi, order Synentognathiorder of fishes having spineless fins; needlefishes; sauries; flying fishes; halfbeaks Acanthopterygii, superorder Acanthopterygiiteleost fishes having fins with sharp bony rays Perciformes, Percomorphi, order Perciformes, order Percomorphione of the largest natural groups of fishes of both marine and fresh water: true perches; basses; tuna Percoidea, suborder Percoideain some classifications nearly or exactly equivalent to the Perciformes which are considered a suborder Discocephali, order Discocephalismall order of fishes comprising the remoras Mugiloidea, suborder Mugiloideafishes distinguished by abdominal pelvic fins: families Mugilidae; Atherinidae; Sphyraenidae Blennioidea, suborder Blennioideablennies; butterfishes; gunnels Scombroidea, suborder Scombroideamackerels; tunas; albacores; bonitos; swordfishes; sailfishes Ganoidei, order Ganoideia group of mostly extinct primitive bony fishes characterized by armor-like bony scales Scleroparei, order Scleropareiscorpionfishes; sculpins; gurnards; greenlings; flying gurnards Scorpaenoidea, suborder Scorpaenoideamail-cheeked fishes: scorpionfishes; gurnards Plectognathi, order Plectognathi, order Tetraodontiformesboxfishes; filefishes; globefishes; ocean sunfishes; triggerfishes; puffers Heterosomata, order Heterosomata, order Pleuronectiformesflatfishes: halibut; sole; flounder; plaice; turbot; tonguefishes Anthocerotales, order Anthocerotaleshornworts; liverworts having a thalloid gametophyte; in some classification systems included in the class Hepaticopsida Andreaeales, order Andreaealescomprises a single genus: Andreaea Bryales, order Bryalescategory used in some classification systems for mosses having the spore case separated from the capsule wall by a hollow intercellular space Dicranales, order Dicranaleswidely distributed order of mosses with erect gametophores and sporophytes at the tips of stems Eubryales, order Eubryalesmosses with perennial erect gametophores and stems with rows of leaves and drooping capsules Sphagnales, order Sphagnalescoextensive with the genus Sphagnum; in some classifications isolated in a separate subclass Jungermanniales, order Jungermannialeslarge order of chiefly tropical liverworts Marchantiales, order Marchantialesliverworts with gametophyte differentiated internally Sphaerocarpales, order Sphaerocarpalessmall order sometimes included in the order Jungermanniales Gnetales, order Gnetaleschiefly tropical or xerophytic woody plants; practically unknown as fossils but considered close to the ancestral line of angiosperms Cycadales, order Cycadalesprimitive tropical gymnosperms abundant in the Mesozoic, now reduced to a few scattered tropical forms Bennettitales, order Bennettitalesfossil gymnospermous plants of the Carboniferous Cycadofilicales, Lyginopteridales, order Cycadofilicales, order Lyginopteridalesfossil gymnospermous trees or climbing plants from the Devonian: seed ferns Cordaitales, order Cordaitalesextinct plants having tall arborescent trunks comparable to or more advanced than cycads; known from the Pennsylvanian period; probably extinct since the Mesozoic era Coniferales, order Coniferalesprofusely branching and chiefly evergreen trees and some shrubs having narrow or needlelike leaves Taxales, order Taxalescoextensive with the family Taxaceae: yews Ginkgoales, order Ginkgoalescoextensive with the family Ginkgoaceae: plants that first appeared in the Permian and now represented by a single surviving species; often included in Coniferales Ranales, Ranunculales, order Ranales, order Ranunculalesherbs, shrubs and trees: includes families Ranunculaceae; Annonaceae; Berberidaceae; Magnoliaceae; Menispermaceae; Myristicaceae; Nymphaeaceae; Lardizabalaceae; Lauraceae; Calycanthaceae; Ceratophyllaceae; Cercidiphyllaceae Myricales, order Myricalescoextensive with the family Myricaceae Arales, order AralesAraceae; Lemnaceae Aristolochiales, order Aristolochialesorder of plants distinguished by tubular petaloid perianth and inferior ovary Caryophyllales, Chenopodiales, order Caryophyllales, order-Chenopodialescorresponds approximately to the older group Centrospermae Opuntiales, order Opuntialescoextensive with the family Cactaceae: cactuses Papaverales, Rhoeadales, order Papaverales, order Rhoeadalesan order of dicotyledonous plants Campanulales, order Campanulalesan order of plants of the subclass Asteridae including: Campanulaceae; Lobeliaceae; Cucurbitaceae; Goodeniaceae; Compositae Orchidales, order Orchidalesorder of plants with irregular flowers having minute seeds: Orchidaceae; Burmanniaceae Primulales, order PrimulalesPrimulaceae; Theophrastaceae; Myrsinaceae; and (in some classifications) Plumbaginaceae Plumbaginales, order Plumbaginalescoextensive with the family Plumbaginaceae; usually included in order Primulales Graminales, order Graminalesgrasses; sedges; rushes Pandanales, order Pandanalesfamilies Typhaceae; Sparganiaceae; Pandanaceae Malvales, order MalvalesMalvaceae; Bombacaceae; Elaeocarpaceae; Sterculiaceae; Tiliaceae Umbellales, order Umbellalesplants having umbels or corymbs of uniovulate flowers; includes the Umbelliferae (chiefly herbs) and Cornaceae (chiefly trees or shrubs) Proteales, order Protealescoextensive with the family Proteaceae Casuarinales, order Casuarinalesorder of chiefly Australian trees and shrubs comprising the casuarinas; 1 family: Casuarinaceae Ericales, order EricalesEricaceae; Clethraceae; Diapensiaceae; Epacridaceae; Lennoaceae; Pyrolaceae; Monotropaceae Diapensiales, order Diapensialesused in some classifications: coextensive with family Diapensiaceae Fagales, order Fagalesan order of dicotyledonous trees of the subclass Hamamelidae Gentianales, order Gentianalesan order of dicotyledonous plants having gamopetalous flowers; Gentianaceae; Apocynaceae; Asclepiadaceae; Loganiaceae; Oleaceae; Salvadoraceae Oleales, order Olealescoextensive with the family Oleaceae; in some classifications included in the order Gentianales Juglandales, order Juglandalescoextensive with the family Juglandaceae Myrtales, Thymelaeales, order Myrtales, order ThymelaealesMyrtaceae; Combretaceae; Elaeagnaceae; Haloragidaceae; Melastomaceae; Lecythidaceae; Lythraceae; Rhizophoraceae; Onagraceae; Lecythidaceae; Punicaceae Musales, order Musalestropical plants Hypericales, Parietales, order Hypericales, order Parietalesa large order of dicotyledonous plants of subclass Dilleniidae Guttiferales, order Guttiferalesused in some classifications; coextensive with Parietales Urticales, order Urticalesan order of dicotyledonous plants including Moraceae and Urticaceae and Ulmaceae Liliales, order Lilialesan order of monocotyledonous plants including Amaryllidaceae and Liliaceae and Iridaceae Palmales, order Palmalescoextensive with the family Palmae: palms Plantaginales, order Plantaginalescoextensive with the family Plantaginaceae Polygonales, order Polygonalescoextensive with the family Polygonaceae, Commelinales, Xyridales, order Commelinales, order Xyridalesan order of monocotyledonous herbs Alismales, Naiadales, order Alismales, order Naiadalesan order of aquatic monocotyledonous herbaceous plants Rosales, order Rosalesin some classifications this category does not include Leguminosae Rubiales, order Rubialesan order of dicotyledonous plants of the subclass Asteridae; have opposite leaves and an inferior compound ovary Geraniales, order Geranialesan order of plants of subclass Rosidae including geraniums and many other plants; see Euphorbiaceae; Geraniaceae; Rutaceae; Malpighiaceae; Simaroubaceae; Meliaceae; Zygophyllaceae; Tropaeolaceae Salicales, order Salicalescoextensive with the family Salicaceae Santalales, order Santalalesorder of plants distinguished by having a one-celled inferior ovary; many are parasitic or partly parasitic usually on roots Sapindales, order Sapindalesan order of dicotyledonous plants Ebenales, order Ebenalestrees or shrubs of the families Ebenaceae or Sapotaceae or Styracaceae or Symplocaceae Sarraceniales, order Sarracenialesplants that are variously modified to serve as insect traps: families Sarraceniaceae; Nepenthaceae; Droseraceae Polemoniales, order PolemonialesPolemoniaceae; Solanaceae; Boraginaceae; Labiatae; Lentibulariaceae; Pedaliaceae; in some classifications includes the order Scrophulariales Scrophulariales, order Scrophularialesused in some classification systems; often included in the order Polemoniales Ophioglossales, order Ophioglossalescoextensive with the family Ophioglossaceae Erysiphales, order Erysiphalessaprophytic and parasitic fungi that live on plants Sphaeriales, order Sphaerialeslarge order of ascomycetous fungi usually having a dark hard perithecia with definite ostioles; in more recent classifications often divided among several orders Hypocreales, order Hypocrealesused in some classifications for the family Hypocreaceae Helotiales, order Helotialesorder of fungi having asci in a disk-shaped to goblet-shaped apothecium Sclerodermatales, order Sclerodermatalesan order of fungi having a peridium surrounding a gleba (sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes) Hymenogastrales, order Hymenogastralesan order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes; has a distinct basidiocarp with a fleshy or waxy gleba (sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes) Mucorales, order Mucoralesan order of mostly saprophytic fungi Entomophthorales, order Entomophthoralescoextensive with the family Entomophthoraceae Chytridiales, order Chytridialessimple aquatic fungi mostly saprophytic but some parasitic on higher plants or animals or fresh water fungi; sometimes placed in class Oomycetes Blastocladiales, order Blastocladialesfungi that carry out asexual reproduction by thick-walled resting spores that produce zoospores upon germination; sometimes placed in class Oomycetes Saprolegniales, order Saprolegnialesorder of chiefly aquatic fungi Peronosporales, order Peronosporalesorder of chiefly parasitic lower fungi: Albuginaceae and Peronosporaceae and Pythiaceae Tuberales, order Tuberalessmall order of fungi belonging to the subdivision Ascomycota having closed underground ascocarps Lichenales, order Lichenalescategory used especially in former classifications for organisms now constituting the division Lichenes Lechanorales, order Lechanoralescategory used in some classification systems for all lichens that produce apothecia Agaricales, order Agaricalestypical gilled mushrooms belonging to the subdivision Basidiomycota Endomycetales, order Endomycetalesfungi having a zygote or a single cell developing directly into an ascus Aspergillales, Eurotiales, order Aspergillales, order Eurotialesorder of fungi having a closed ascocarp (cleistothecium) with the asci scattered rather than gathered in a hymenium Pezizales, order Pezizalesorder of mostly saprophytic fungi having cup-shaped ascocarps Tulostomatales, order Tulostomatalesan order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes Lycoperdales, order Lycoperdalessmall order of basidiomycetous fungi having fleshy often globose fruiting bodies; includes puffballs and earthstars Nidulariales, order Nidularialessmall order of basidiomycetous fungi comprising families Nidulariaceae and Sphaerobolaceae Secotiales, order Secotialesan order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes Aphyllophorales, order Aphyllophoralesincludes chiefly saprophytic fungi typically with shelflike bodies; sometimes placed in class Hymenomycetes or included in Agaricales Tremellales, order Tremellalesfungi varying from gelatinous to waxy or even horny in texture; most are saprophytic Auriculariales, order Auricularialescoextensive with the family Auriculariaceae; sometimes included in the order Tremellales Uredinales, order Uredinalesrust fungi: parasitic fungi causing rust in plants; sometimes placed in Ustilaginales, order Ustilaginalesparasitic fungi causing smuts; sometimes placed in class Tiliomycetes Moniliales, order Monilialesorder of imperfect fungi lacking conidiophores of having conidiophores that are superficial and not enclosed in a pycnidium Mycelia Sterilia, order Mycelia Steriliaorder of imperfect fungi having no known spore stage Rhamnales, order Rhamnalesan order of dicotyledonous plants Piperales, order PiperalesPiperaceae; Saururaceae; Chloranthaceae Filicales, Polypodiales, order Filicales, order Polypodialestrue (leptosporangiate) ferns Marattiales, order Marattialeslower ferns coextensive with the family Marattiaceae Psilotales, order Psilotaleslower vascular plants having dichotomously branched sporophyte divided into aerial shoot and rhizome and lacking true roots Psilophytales, order PsilophytalesPaleozoic simple dichotomously branched plants of Europe and eastern Canada including the oldest known vascular land plants Equisetales, order Equisetaleslower tracheophytes in existence since the Devonian Lepidodendrales, order Lepidodendralesfossil arborescent plants arising during the early Devonian and conspicuous throughout the Carboniferous Lycopodiales, order Lycopodialeslower vascular plants coextensive with the family Lycopodiaceae; in some classifications includes the Selaginellaceae and Isoetaceae Selaginellales, order Selaginellalesin some classifications included in Lycopodiales Isoetales, order Isoetalesaquatic or marsh-growing fern allies; known to have existed since the Cenozoic; sometimes included in Lycopodiales taxon, taxonomic category, taxonomic group animal or plant group having natural relations 3n (architecture) one of original three styles of Greek architecture distinguished by the type of column and entablature used or a style developed from the original three by the Romans Hypo|Hyper Dorian order, Doric order the oldest and simplest of the Greek orders and the only one that normally has no base Ionian order, Ionic orderthe second Greek order; the capital is decorated with spiral scrolls Corinthian orderthe last Greek order; similar to the Ionic order except the capital is decorated with carvings of acanthus leaves Composite ordera Roman order that combines the Corinthian acanthus leaves with the spiral scrolls of the Ionic order Tuscan ordera Roman order that resembles the Doric order but without a fluted shaft artistic style, idiom the style of a particular artist or school or movement Order (once / 410 pages) n WORD FAMILY Order: Orders USAGE EXAMPLESThe portal will be sealed, and the Order of Things will be restored. Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016) This year sees the greatest number of black, Asian and minority ethnic recipients - 9.3% - in the history of the Order of the British Empire. BBC(Dec 30, 2016) At aged 19, Iwasaki and his family were one of the hundreds sent to concentration camps across America on President Roosevelt’s Executive Order 9066. Time(Dec 30, 2016) n (usually plural) the status or rank or office of a Christian clergyman in an ecclesiastical hierarchy theologians still disagree over whether `bishop' should or should not be a separate Order Syn|Exp|Hypo|Hyper Holy Order Aaron (Old Testament) elder brother of Moses and first high priest of the Israelites; created the golden calf Saint Ambrose(Roman Catholic Church) Roman priest who became bishop of Milan; the first Church Father born and raised in the Christian faith; composer of hymns; imposed orthodoxy on the early Christian church and built up its secular power; a saint and Doctor of the Church (340?-397) Saint Anselman Italian who was a Benedictine monk; was archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109; one of the founders of scholasticism; best known for his proof of the existence of God Saint Thomas a Becket(Roman Catholic Church) archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 to 1170; murdered following his opposition to Henry II's attempts to control the clergy (1118-1170) Roberto Francesco Romolo BellarmineItalian cardinal and theologian (1542-1621) Bishop BerkeleyIrish philosopher and Anglican bishop who opposed the materialism of Thomas Hobbes (1685-1753) Cesare BorgiaItalian cardinal and military leader; model for Machiavelli's prince (1475-1507) Domingo de Guzman(Roman Catholic Church) Spanish priest who founded an order whose members became known as Dominicans or Black Friars (circa 1170-1221) Eusebius of CaesareaChristian bishop of Caesarea in Palestine; a church historian and a leading early Christian exegete (circa 270-340) Saint Ignatiusbishop of Antioch who was martyred under the Roman Emperor Trajan (died 110) William Ralph IngeEnglish prelate noted for his pessimistic sermons and articles (1860-1954) Francisco Jimenez de Cisnerosprelate who was the confessor of Isabella I and who was later appointed Grand Inquisitor (1436-1517) St. MartinFrench bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397) John Henry NewmanEnglish prelate and theologian who (with John Keble and Edward Pusey) founded the Oxford movement; Newman later turned to Roman Catholicism and became a cardinal (1801-1890) Saint Nicholasa bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century) Armand Jean du PlessisFrench prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642) Desmond TutuSouth African prelate and leader of the antiapartheid struggle (born in 1931) Bishop Ulfilasa Christian believed to be of Cappadocian descent who became bishop of the Visigoths in 341 and translated the Bible from Greek into Gothic; traditionally held to have invented the Gothic alphabet (311-382) James UssherIrish prelate who deduced from the Bible that Creation occurred in the year 4004 BC (1581-1656) William of WykehamEnglish prelate and statesman; founded a college at Oxford and Winchester College in Winchester; served as chancellor of England and bishop of Winchester (1324-1404) Stefan WyszynskiPolish prelate who persuaded the Soviet to allow greater religious freedom in Poland (1901-1981) acolyte someone who assists a priest or minister in a liturgical service; a cleric ordained in the highest of the minor orders in the Roman Catholic Church but not in the Anglican Church or the Eastern Orthodox Churches anagnosta cleric in the minor orders of the Eastern Orthodox Church who reads the lessons aloud in the liturgy (analogous to the lector in the Roman Catholic Church) deacona cleric ranking just below a priest in Christian churches; one of the Holy Orders doorkeeper, ostiarius, ostiarythe lowest of the minor Holy Orders in the unreformed Western Church but now suppressed by the Roman Catholic Church exorcistone of the minor orders in the unreformed Western Church but now suppressed in the Roman Catholic Church lector, readersomeone who reads the lessons in a church service; someone ordained in a minor order of the Roman Catholic Church priesta clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders subdeacona clergyman an order below deacon; one of the Holy Orders in the unreformed western Christian church and the eastern Catholic Churches but now suppressed in the Roman Catholic Church altar boya boy serving as an acolyte archpriest, hierarch, high priest, prelate, primatea senior clergyman and dignitary bishopa senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ canona priest who is a member of a cathedral chapter celebrantan officiating priest celebrating the Eucharist confessora priest who hears confession and gives absolution domestic prelate(Roman Catholic Church) a priest who is an honorary member of the papal household Father, Padre`Father' is a term of address for priests in some churches (especially the Roman Catholic Church or the Orthodox Catholic Church); `Padre' is frequently used in the military Monsignor(Roman Catholic Church) an ecclesiastical title of honor bestowed on some priests pontifexa member of the highest council of priests in ancient Rome priestessa woman priest thuriferan acolyte who carries a thurible vicara Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman position, status the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society |
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英语词典包含147318条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。