| 单词 | institution |
| 释义 | institution (once / 102 pages) 1n 2n Universities, banks, and hospitals are all institutions. Until you arrived at the bank, you'd forgotten that financial institutions were closed for the holiday. Thank goodness for the ATM! The noun institution also refers to a long held custom or practice in society. Even if your parents divorced when you were young, you might strongly believe in the institution of marriage. Or you might believe that once you enter the institution of marriage, your next stop will probably be a mental institution. Institution can also describe the act of putting something in place. The institution of new traffic rules — green means stop and red means go — caused a bit of confusion. WORD FAMILYinstitution: institutional, institutionalise, institutionalize, institutions+/institute: instituted, institutes, instituting, institution/institutional: institutionally, noninstitutional/institutionalise: institutionalised/institutionalised: noninstitutionalised/institutionalize: institutionalized, institutionalizes, institutionalizing/institutionalized: noninstitutionalized USAGE EXAMPLESAnd reach for each other they did, in their favorite places, their havens, their cherished institutions. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) Brazil's prison system is precariously overcrowded and conditions in many institutions are horrific. Reuters(Jan 02, 2017) In an interview, Ms. Schlenzka said that it was time for more women to lead arts institutions, generally. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) 1 1n a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society the institution of marriage the institution of slavery he had become an institution in the theater Hypo|Hyper levirate the biblical institution whereby a man must marry the widow of his childless brother in order to maintain the brother's line custom, tradition a specific practice of long standing 2n an organization founded and united for a specific purpose Syn|Hypo|Hyper establishment medical institution an institution created for the practice of medicine financial institution, financial organisation, financial organizationan institution (public or private) that collects funds (from the public or other institutions) and invests them in financial assets issueran institution that issues something (securities or publications or currency etc.) charityan institution set up to provide help to the needy companyan institution created to conduct business faith, organized religion, religionan institution to express belief in a divine power vicariate, vicarshipthe religious institution under the authority of a vicar educational institutionan institution dedicated to education academy, honorary societyan institution for the advancement of art or science or literature broadcasting companya company that manages tv or radio stations bureau de change(French) an establishment where you can exchange foreign money auto company, car companya company that makes and sells automobiles dot com, dot com company, dot-coma company that operates its business primarily on the internet using a URL that ends in `.com' drug company, pharma, pharmaceutical companya company that makes and sells pharmaceuticals East India Companyan English company formed in 1600 to develop trade with the new British colonies in India and southeastern Asia; in the 18th century it assumed administrative control of Bengal and held it until the British army took over in 1858 after the Indian Mutiny electronics companya company that makes and sells electronic instruments film companya company that makes, advertises, and distributes movies food companya company that processes and sells food furniture companya company that sells furniture mining companya company that owns and manages mines shipping companya company that provides shipping services steel companya company that makes and sells steel subsidiary, subsidiary companya company that is completely controlled by another company transportation companya company providing transportation clinica medical establishment run by a group of medical specialists extended care facilitya medical institution that provides prolonged care (as in cases of prolonged illness or rehabilitation from acute illness) hospitala medical institution where sick or injured people are given medical or surgical care giroa British financial system in which a bank or a post office transfers money from one account to another when they receive authorization to do so clearing housea central collection place where banks exchange checks or drafts; participants maintain an account against which credits or debits are posted lending institutiona financial institution that makes loans community chesta charity supported by individual subscriptions; defrays the demands on a community for social welfare soup kitchena place where food is dispensed to the needy distributora company that markets merchandise oil companya company that sells oil packaging company, packaging concerna company that packages goods for sale or shipment or storage pipeline companya company that operates oil pipelines for the oil industry printing business, printing company, printing concerna company that does commercial printing corporate investora company that invests in (acquires control of) other companies takeover target, target companya company that has been chosen as attractive for takeover by a potential acquirer white knighta company that is a friendly acquirer in a takeover Christian church, churchone of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship Hebraism, Jewish religion, JudaismJews collectively who practice a religion based on the Torah and the Talmud Hindooism, Hinduismthe religion of most people in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal Taoismreligion adhering to the teaching of Lao-tzu Buddhisma religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine and that venerate Buddha Khalsathe group of initiated Sikhs to which devout orthodox Sikhs are ritually admitted at puberty; founded by the tenth and last Guru in 1699 Church of Scientology, Scientologya new religion founded by L. Ron Hubbard in 1955 and characterized by a belief in the power of a person's spirit to clear itself of past painful experiences through self-knowledge and spiritual fulfillment Shintothe native religion and former ethnic cult of Japan established churchthe church that is recognized as the official church of a nation religious order, religious sect, secta subdivision of a larger religious group cultfollowers of an unorthodox, extremist, or false religion or sect who often live outside of conventional society under the direction of a charismatic leader cultfollowers of an exclusive system of religious beliefs and practices Ld., Ltd., limited companya company that is organized to give its owners limited liability holding companya company with controlling shares in other companies servicea company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation livery companyone of the chartered companies of London originating with the craft guilds open shopa company whose workers are hired without regard to their membership in a labor union closed shopa company that hires only union members union shopa company allowed to hire nonunion workers on the condition that they will join the union within a specified time preschoolan educational institution for children too young for elementary school schoolan educational institution schoolan educational institution's faculty and students collegean institution of higher education created to educate and grant degrees; often a part of a university Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciencesan academy that gives annual awards for achievements in motion picture production and performance Academy of Television Arts and Sciencesan academy that gives annual awards for outstanding achievements in television French Academyan honorary group of French writers and thinkers supported by the French government National Academy of Sciencesan honorary American society of scientists created by President Lincoln during the American Civil War Royal Academy, Royal Academy of Artsan honorary academy in London (founded in 1768) intended to cultivate painting and sculpture and architecture in Britain Royal Society, Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledgean honorary English society (formalized in 1660 and given a royal charter by Charles II in 1662) through which the British government has supported science universitya large and diverse institution of higher learning created to educate for life and for a profession and to grant degrees central banka government monetary authority that issues currency and regulates the supply of credit and holds the reserves of other banks and sells new issues of securities for the government stock companya company whose capital is represented by stock joint-stock companya company (usually unincorporated) which has the capital of its members pooled in a common fund; transferable shares represent ownership interest; shareholders are legally liable for all debts of the company foundationan institution supported by an endowment acquirerthe financial institution that dispenses cash in automated teller machines and collects a fee from the bank that issued the credit card nondepository financial institutiona financial institution that funds their investment activities from the sale of securities or insurance bank, banking company, banking concern, depository financial institutiona financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities Federal Home Loan Bank Systemthe central credit system for thrift institutions trust company, trust corporationan organization (usually with a commercial bank) that is engaged as a trustee or fiduciary or agent in handling trust funds or estates of custodial arrangements or stock transfers or related services record companya company that makes and sells musical recordings mover, moving company, public mover, removal company, removal firma company that moves the possessions of a family or business from one site to another think factory, think tanka company that does research for hire and issues reports on the implications shippera company in the business of shipping freight organisation, organization a group of people who work together 3n an establishment consisting of a building or complex of buildings where an organization for the promotion of some cause is situated Exp|Hypo|Hyper Auschwitz a Nazi concentration camp for Jews in southwestern Poland during World War II Belsena Nazi concentration camp for Jews created in northwestern Germany during World War II Buchenwalda Nazi concentration camp for Jews in World War II that was located in central Germany Dachaua concentration camp for Jews created by the Nazis near Munich in southern Germany Newgatea former prison in London notorious for its unsanitary conditions and burnt down in riots in 1780; a new prison was built on the same spot but was torn down in 1902 home, nursing home, rest home an institution where people are cared for orphanage, orphans' asyluma public institution for the care of orphans penal facility, penal institutionan institution where persons are confined for punishment and to protect the public briga penal institution (especially on board a ship) campa penal institution (often for forced labor) correctional institutiona penal institution maintained by the government penal colonya penal institution where prisoners are exiled (often located on an island from which escape is difficult or impossible) establishment a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence 4n a hospital for mentally incompetent or unbalanced people 2Syn|Hypo|Hyper asylum, insane asylum, mental home, mental hospital, mental institution, psychiatric hospital Bedlam, booby hatch, crazy house, cuckoo's nest, funny farm, funny house, loony bin, madhouse, nut house, nuthouse, sanatorium, snake pit pejorative terms for an insane asylum hospital, infirmary a health facility where patients receive treatment n the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new Syn|Hypo|Hyper creation, foundation, founding, initiation, innovation, instauration, introduction, origination authorship, paternity the act of initiating a new idea or theory or writing beginning, commencement, start the act of starting something |
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